NUR 378 Pharmacology Final Exam Prep 2026/2027 | Questions &
Correct Answers | Graded A+
1. If a patient taking sildenafil consumes grapefruit juice, what potential outcome
should the healthcare provider monitor for?
Increased risk of side effects
Improved therapeutic effect
No change in medication efficacy
Decreased effectiveness of the medication
2. Describe the significance of monitoring liver function tests and lipid levels in
patients prescribed atorvastatin.
These tests are not necessary for atorvastatin as it has no side effects.
Monitoring liver function tests and lipid levels is crucial to assess
the drug's effectiveness and detect potential liver damage.
Liver function tests are only needed for patients with pre-existing liver
conditions.
Lipid levels are monitored to prevent allergic reactions to atorvastatin.
3. Describe the rationale behind administering latanoprost at a specific time of
day.
Latanoprost is taken in the morning to align with the body's natural
rhythms.
Latanoprost should be used only during the day to avoid nighttime
side effects.
Latanoprost can be taken at any time of day without affecting its
efficacy.
, Latanoprost is administered in the evening to maximize its
effectiveness and minimize side effects.
4. Describe the relationship between antibiotic use and the development of C.
difficile infections.
All antibiotics have the same risk of causing C. difficile infections.
C. difficile infections are solely caused by viral infections, not
antibiotics.
The use of certain antibiotics can disrupt normal gut flora, leading
to an overgrowth of C. difficile.
Antibiotics enhance the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, preventing
C. difficile infections.
5. Vincristine belongs to:
Vinca alkaloids
antibiotics
Alkilate drugs
antimetabolic drugs
antracycline
6. What blood condition is commonly associated with the use of methotrexate?
Anemia
Leukopenia
Polycythemia
Thrombocytosis
,7. What blood disorder is associated with the use of famotidine?
Polycythemia
Thrombocytopenia
Leukopenia
Anemia
8. Which medication is classified as a selective beta blocker between
propranolol and metoprolol?
Metoprolol
Propranolol
Atenolol
Carvedilol
9. Describe the potential interaction between echinacea and
immunosuppressants.
Echinacea only affects antibiotics.
Echinacea has no effect on immunosuppressants.
Echinacea may stimulate the immune system, which can counteract
the effects of immunosuppressants.
Echinacea enhances the effectiveness of immunosuppressants.
10. What are two types of foods that should be avoided when taking
alprazolam?
Milk and cheese
Bananas and oranges
, Bread and pasta
Grapefruit and alcohol
11. What are the three supplements recommended for patients taking
phenytoin?
Potassium, Vitamin B12, and Zinc
Sodium, Vitamin E, and Omega-3
Calcium, Vitamin D, and Folic Acid
Iron, Vitamin C, and Magnesium
12. A patient is scheduled to receive glargine insulin at 8 PM. When should the
nurse expect the insulin to start lowering the patient's blood glucose levels?
By 10 PM to 11 PM
By 9 PM to 10 PM
By 7 PM to 8 PM
Immediately at 8 PM
13. Which class of antibiotics is commonly associated with ototoxicity?
Tetracyclines
Penicillins
Aminoglycosides
Macrolides
14. If a patient taking nitroglycerin experiences a severe headache, what would
be the most appropriate initial action for a nurse to take?
Suggest the patient drink more water.
Correct Answers | Graded A+
1. If a patient taking sildenafil consumes grapefruit juice, what potential outcome
should the healthcare provider monitor for?
Increased risk of side effects
Improved therapeutic effect
No change in medication efficacy
Decreased effectiveness of the medication
2. Describe the significance of monitoring liver function tests and lipid levels in
patients prescribed atorvastatin.
These tests are not necessary for atorvastatin as it has no side effects.
Monitoring liver function tests and lipid levels is crucial to assess
the drug's effectiveness and detect potential liver damage.
Liver function tests are only needed for patients with pre-existing liver
conditions.
Lipid levels are monitored to prevent allergic reactions to atorvastatin.
3. Describe the rationale behind administering latanoprost at a specific time of
day.
Latanoprost is taken in the morning to align with the body's natural
rhythms.
Latanoprost should be used only during the day to avoid nighttime
side effects.
Latanoprost can be taken at any time of day without affecting its
efficacy.
, Latanoprost is administered in the evening to maximize its
effectiveness and minimize side effects.
4. Describe the relationship between antibiotic use and the development of C.
difficile infections.
All antibiotics have the same risk of causing C. difficile infections.
C. difficile infections are solely caused by viral infections, not
antibiotics.
The use of certain antibiotics can disrupt normal gut flora, leading
to an overgrowth of C. difficile.
Antibiotics enhance the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, preventing
C. difficile infections.
5. Vincristine belongs to:
Vinca alkaloids
antibiotics
Alkilate drugs
antimetabolic drugs
antracycline
6. What blood condition is commonly associated with the use of methotrexate?
Anemia
Leukopenia
Polycythemia
Thrombocytosis
,7. What blood disorder is associated with the use of famotidine?
Polycythemia
Thrombocytopenia
Leukopenia
Anemia
8. Which medication is classified as a selective beta blocker between
propranolol and metoprolol?
Metoprolol
Propranolol
Atenolol
Carvedilol
9. Describe the potential interaction between echinacea and
immunosuppressants.
Echinacea only affects antibiotics.
Echinacea has no effect on immunosuppressants.
Echinacea may stimulate the immune system, which can counteract
the effects of immunosuppressants.
Echinacea enhances the effectiveness of immunosuppressants.
10. What are two types of foods that should be avoided when taking
alprazolam?
Milk and cheese
Bananas and oranges
, Bread and pasta
Grapefruit and alcohol
11. What are the three supplements recommended for patients taking
phenytoin?
Potassium, Vitamin B12, and Zinc
Sodium, Vitamin E, and Omega-3
Calcium, Vitamin D, and Folic Acid
Iron, Vitamin C, and Magnesium
12. A patient is scheduled to receive glargine insulin at 8 PM. When should the
nurse expect the insulin to start lowering the patient's blood glucose levels?
By 10 PM to 11 PM
By 9 PM to 10 PM
By 7 PM to 8 PM
Immediately at 8 PM
13. Which class of antibiotics is commonly associated with ototoxicity?
Tetracyclines
Penicillins
Aminoglycosides
Macrolides
14. If a patient taking nitroglycerin experiences a severe headache, what would
be the most appropriate initial action for a nurse to take?
Suggest the patient drink more water.
