DCF CHILD CARE 40 HOUR 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Autism - ✔✔a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by social
impairments, communication difficulties, and restricted and repetitive patterns of
behavior
✔✔Down syndrome - ✔✔a genetic disorder characterized by distinct physical traits and
intellectual impairments
✔✔Genetic disorders - ✔✔conditions that are due to an abnormality in the way a body's
cells are structures. if it is genetic it is present at birth, even if not diagnosed at the time
✔✔Distinct physical - ✔✔traits refers to similar facial and body features shared by
people with down syndrome
✔✔Intellectual impairments - ✔✔means that people with Down Syndrome may have a
difficult time understanding and processing info
✔✔Self-help skills - ✔✔are a wide variety of abilities that are useful in every day life.
Also know as adaptive behavior or adaptive skills
✔✔ADHD - ✔✔a disorder characterized by impulsivity, inattention, and/or hyperactivity
,✔✔Cerebral Palsy - ✔✔a disorder that affects body movement and muscle coordination
✔✔Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - ✔✔a syndrome characterized deformities in the joints,
fingers, and limbs; atypical behavior, learning disorders; and cognitive impairment
✔✔Autism Spectrum - ✔✔a group of disorders characterized by social and
communication impairments and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior
✔✔Cognitive Disabilities - ✔✔disabilities that affects self-help skills and the way the
brain processes info
✔✔Fragile X Syndrome - ✔✔a syndrome characterized by intellectual disability and
behavior disorders, more prevalent and severe in males
✔✔Bipolar Disorder - ✔✔a disorder characterized by extreme mood swings and shifts in
energy
✔✔Phenylketonuria (PKU) - ✔✔a disorder characterized by delays in motor
development and seizures, it often appears in conjunction with a behavioral disorder
✔✔The goal of the Infant and Toddler Appropriate Practices course - ✔✔is to guide
child care professionals responsible for the care of children birth through 36 months
through the principles of developmentally appropriate practice.
✔✔Infant - ✔✔"infant" comes from the Latin word "infans" which means unable or
incapable of speech.
first stage of their life, until around 18 months of age.
✔✔Toddler - ✔✔"toddle" means "to walk with short tottering steps," which makes a
toddler a child who is just learning to walk. The term toddler is usually used to refer to
children from 18 to 36 months.
✔✔Infant and Toddler Divisions - ✔✔The Florida Department of Education Office of
Early Learning divides infants and toddlers into the following divisions: Birth to 8
months, 8 to 18 months, 18 to 24 months, and two-year-olds.
✔✔Primary concern for infants - ✔✔At this stage the primary concern for infants is
secure attachments formed through close relationships with parents and caregivers who
make them feel safe and secure.
✔✔Primary concern for toddlers - ✔✔Toddlers seek to gain independence and control
through more purposeful exploration. A budding sense of self comes from repeated
,opportunities to explore how the world works. Understanding who they are and how
things work is a dominant theme for toddlers.
✔✔3 Common Infant/Toddler Personality Types - ✔✔Flexible, Feisty, Fearful
✔✔Flexible Personality - ✔✔Easy- 40 percent of children
adapt easily, easy to toilet train, generally cheerful, low intensity, low sensitivity
Seldom fuss- need special attention to not get lost in the group
✔✔Fearful Personality - ✔✔Cautious temperaments
get attached to care givers
slow to adapt, withdrawn,
✔✔Feisty Personality - ✔✔Spirited/fun but need managed
so intense they are a handful
zesty, vocal and animated about needs and wants, moody, irregular, sensitive,
distractable,
to deal with feistiness:
redirection- empathy then redirect the attention of the child and help them move on
✔✔Young Infants NAEYC - ✔✔birth to 9 months motivated by security
✔✔Mobile Infants NAEYC - ✔✔engage in exploration 9- 18 months
✔✔Toddlers NAEYC - ✔✔18-36 months forming identity
✔✔Who created DAP - ✔✔NAEYC National Association for the Education of Young
Children
✔✔Sensorimotor Stage - ✔✔by Piaget
The sensorimotor stage takes place from birth to age two. During this stage children
explore their world using their senses and motor skills. They like to touch and hold
objects and toys such as rattles, dolls, or soft books. They also tend to explore objects
using their mouths. They begin to understand the world by physically manipulating
objects, and through trial and error problem solving.
✔✔Trust vs Mistrust - ✔✔by Erikson
This conflict is resolved when infants form bonds with their parents and caregivers and
establish an emotional foundation through trust. As the basis for fulfilling the safety and
, comfort needs of infants, emotional security must be established through trusting
relationships with adults. Children who do not experience positive, caring and loving
attention from adults and caregivers can develop distrust for people around them and
can result in poor emotional stability.
✔✔Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt - ✔✔by Erikson
Stage 2 of Erikson's social theory deals with the conflict of autonomy vs. shame and
doubt. This means that children need to be able to become independent and learn to
problem solve on their own. As a caregiver you can encourage independence by
allowing children to explore their environment in a safe and supervised manner.
Children who explore and discover their environments will become confident about
themselves and develop the ability to problem solve. Children also need to become
aware of the physicality of their bodies. Engage children in games of pat-a-cake, tossing
or rolling a ball, and manipulative toys that encourage children to use their hands. Install
mobiles above infants' cribs to encourage them to look at and reach for the objects
hanging down.
✔✔5 Areas Of Development - ✔✔Physical Development
Social and Emotional
Language and Communication
Cognitive Development and General Knowledge
Approaches to Learning
✔✔Physical Development - ✔✔Infants
Weight doubles in the first 6 months and triples by the 1st birthday. During this time
infants require frequent feedings to aid in growth
Infants grow 5 inches in length in the first 6 months and add 3 more by 9 months
Toddlers
Appear to grow slower than they did during infant stage
Begin to walk without help
Show interest in exploring their environment
Begin to feed themselves and drink from a cup
✔✔Motor Skills (Fine and Gross) - ✔✔Because infants and toddlers are not yet
proficiently mobile or skillful at manipulating objects in the environment, they are
developing both their gross and fine motor skills at the same time.
Head to toe (cephalocaudal), meaning infants will learn to use their arms before their
legs
Center of body to limbs (proximodistal), meaning infants will gain control of their bodies
starting from the torso and working outward to their arms
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Autism - ✔✔a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by social
impairments, communication difficulties, and restricted and repetitive patterns of
behavior
✔✔Down syndrome - ✔✔a genetic disorder characterized by distinct physical traits and
intellectual impairments
✔✔Genetic disorders - ✔✔conditions that are due to an abnormality in the way a body's
cells are structures. if it is genetic it is present at birth, even if not diagnosed at the time
✔✔Distinct physical - ✔✔traits refers to similar facial and body features shared by
people with down syndrome
✔✔Intellectual impairments - ✔✔means that people with Down Syndrome may have a
difficult time understanding and processing info
✔✔Self-help skills - ✔✔are a wide variety of abilities that are useful in every day life.
Also know as adaptive behavior or adaptive skills
✔✔ADHD - ✔✔a disorder characterized by impulsivity, inattention, and/or hyperactivity
,✔✔Cerebral Palsy - ✔✔a disorder that affects body movement and muscle coordination
✔✔Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - ✔✔a syndrome characterized deformities in the joints,
fingers, and limbs; atypical behavior, learning disorders; and cognitive impairment
✔✔Autism Spectrum - ✔✔a group of disorders characterized by social and
communication impairments and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior
✔✔Cognitive Disabilities - ✔✔disabilities that affects self-help skills and the way the
brain processes info
✔✔Fragile X Syndrome - ✔✔a syndrome characterized by intellectual disability and
behavior disorders, more prevalent and severe in males
✔✔Bipolar Disorder - ✔✔a disorder characterized by extreme mood swings and shifts in
energy
✔✔Phenylketonuria (PKU) - ✔✔a disorder characterized by delays in motor
development and seizures, it often appears in conjunction with a behavioral disorder
✔✔The goal of the Infant and Toddler Appropriate Practices course - ✔✔is to guide
child care professionals responsible for the care of children birth through 36 months
through the principles of developmentally appropriate practice.
✔✔Infant - ✔✔"infant" comes from the Latin word "infans" which means unable or
incapable of speech.
first stage of their life, until around 18 months of age.
✔✔Toddler - ✔✔"toddle" means "to walk with short tottering steps," which makes a
toddler a child who is just learning to walk. The term toddler is usually used to refer to
children from 18 to 36 months.
✔✔Infant and Toddler Divisions - ✔✔The Florida Department of Education Office of
Early Learning divides infants and toddlers into the following divisions: Birth to 8
months, 8 to 18 months, 18 to 24 months, and two-year-olds.
✔✔Primary concern for infants - ✔✔At this stage the primary concern for infants is
secure attachments formed through close relationships with parents and caregivers who
make them feel safe and secure.
✔✔Primary concern for toddlers - ✔✔Toddlers seek to gain independence and control
through more purposeful exploration. A budding sense of self comes from repeated
,opportunities to explore how the world works. Understanding who they are and how
things work is a dominant theme for toddlers.
✔✔3 Common Infant/Toddler Personality Types - ✔✔Flexible, Feisty, Fearful
✔✔Flexible Personality - ✔✔Easy- 40 percent of children
adapt easily, easy to toilet train, generally cheerful, low intensity, low sensitivity
Seldom fuss- need special attention to not get lost in the group
✔✔Fearful Personality - ✔✔Cautious temperaments
get attached to care givers
slow to adapt, withdrawn,
✔✔Feisty Personality - ✔✔Spirited/fun but need managed
so intense they are a handful
zesty, vocal and animated about needs and wants, moody, irregular, sensitive,
distractable,
to deal with feistiness:
redirection- empathy then redirect the attention of the child and help them move on
✔✔Young Infants NAEYC - ✔✔birth to 9 months motivated by security
✔✔Mobile Infants NAEYC - ✔✔engage in exploration 9- 18 months
✔✔Toddlers NAEYC - ✔✔18-36 months forming identity
✔✔Who created DAP - ✔✔NAEYC National Association for the Education of Young
Children
✔✔Sensorimotor Stage - ✔✔by Piaget
The sensorimotor stage takes place from birth to age two. During this stage children
explore their world using their senses and motor skills. They like to touch and hold
objects and toys such as rattles, dolls, or soft books. They also tend to explore objects
using their mouths. They begin to understand the world by physically manipulating
objects, and through trial and error problem solving.
✔✔Trust vs Mistrust - ✔✔by Erikson
This conflict is resolved when infants form bonds with their parents and caregivers and
establish an emotional foundation through trust. As the basis for fulfilling the safety and
, comfort needs of infants, emotional security must be established through trusting
relationships with adults. Children who do not experience positive, caring and loving
attention from adults and caregivers can develop distrust for people around them and
can result in poor emotional stability.
✔✔Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt - ✔✔by Erikson
Stage 2 of Erikson's social theory deals with the conflict of autonomy vs. shame and
doubt. This means that children need to be able to become independent and learn to
problem solve on their own. As a caregiver you can encourage independence by
allowing children to explore their environment in a safe and supervised manner.
Children who explore and discover their environments will become confident about
themselves and develop the ability to problem solve. Children also need to become
aware of the physicality of their bodies. Engage children in games of pat-a-cake, tossing
or rolling a ball, and manipulative toys that encourage children to use their hands. Install
mobiles above infants' cribs to encourage them to look at and reach for the objects
hanging down.
✔✔5 Areas Of Development - ✔✔Physical Development
Social and Emotional
Language and Communication
Cognitive Development and General Knowledge
Approaches to Learning
✔✔Physical Development - ✔✔Infants
Weight doubles in the first 6 months and triples by the 1st birthday. During this time
infants require frequent feedings to aid in growth
Infants grow 5 inches in length in the first 6 months and add 3 more by 9 months
Toddlers
Appear to grow slower than they did during infant stage
Begin to walk without help
Show interest in exploring their environment
Begin to feed themselves and drink from a cup
✔✔Motor Skills (Fine and Gross) - ✔✔Because infants and toddlers are not yet
proficiently mobile or skillful at manipulating objects in the environment, they are
developing both their gross and fine motor skills at the same time.
Head to toe (cephalocaudal), meaning infants will learn to use their arms before their
legs
Center of body to limbs (proximodistal), meaning infants will gain control of their bodies
starting from the torso and working outward to their arms
