ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 EXAM 1
1. anatomy: study of structure and form; derived from Greek word Anatome
which means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of
organims studying the relationships among parts of the body and the structure
of individual organs
2. physiology: the study of function of the body parts; physiologists examine how
organs and body systems function under normal circumstances as well as how
their functions are altered with medication or disease
3. branches of anatomy: microscopic- structures that cannot be observed to the
unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure; histology- study of
tissues) gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,;
macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system; regional anatomy- examines
all of the structures in a particular region of the body as a complete unit)
4. embryology: discipline concerned with developmental changes occuring from
conception to birth
5. comparative A&P: examines similarities and differences of anatomy and physi-
ology of different species
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, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 EXAM 1
6. pathophysiology: relationship between the functioning of an organ system and
disease or injury to that organ system
7. basic qualities of life: organization- each organism has a complex structure and
order metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions to occur within a body;
anabolism (smaller molecules form larger) and catabolism (larger molecules are
broken down to smaller) growth and development- each organism assimilates
materials from its environment and often grows and develops responsiveness-
ability to sense and react to stimuli regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal
bodily function in the face of environmen- tal changes- homeostasis- ability of
an organism to maintain a consistent internal environment
8. organization of the human body: chemical level- consists of atoms, molecules,
macromolecules, and organelles cell level- consists of cells, made up of
structures and molecules from chemical level tissue level- made up of tissues
which are made of cells organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue
types that work together for specific, complex functions
organ system level- organs that work together to coordinate activities and acheive
a common function
9. anterior: in front of
10. posterior: in back of
11. dorsal: on the backside of the human body
12. ventral: on the belly side of the human body
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1. anatomy: study of structure and form; derived from Greek word Anatome
which means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of
organims studying the relationships among parts of the body and the structure
of individual organs
2. physiology: the study of function of the body parts; physiologists examine how
organs and body systems function under normal circumstances as well as how
their functions are altered with medication or disease
3. branches of anatomy: microscopic- structures that cannot be observed to the
unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure; histology- study of
tissues) gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,;
macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system; regional anatomy- examines
all of the structures in a particular region of the body as a complete unit)
4. embryology: discipline concerned with developmental changes occuring from
conception to birth
5. comparative A&P: examines similarities and differences of anatomy and physi-
ology of different species
1/
14
, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 EXAM 1
6. pathophysiology: relationship between the functioning of an organ system and
disease or injury to that organ system
7. basic qualities of life: organization- each organism has a complex structure and
order metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions to occur within a body;
anabolism (smaller molecules form larger) and catabolism (larger molecules are
broken down to smaller) growth and development- each organism assimilates
materials from its environment and often grows and develops responsiveness-
ability to sense and react to stimuli regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal
bodily function in the face of environmen- tal changes- homeostasis- ability of
an organism to maintain a consistent internal environment
8. organization of the human body: chemical level- consists of atoms, molecules,
macromolecules, and organelles cell level- consists of cells, made up of
structures and molecules from chemical level tissue level- made up of tissues
which are made of cells organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue
types that work together for specific, complex functions
organ system level- organs that work together to coordinate activities and acheive
a common function
9. anterior: in front of
10. posterior: in back of
11. dorsal: on the backside of the human body
12. ventral: on the belly side of the human body
2/
14
