NUR 128 GI slides Biliary, Hepatic Exam
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions | Latest Updated 2026
Cirrhosis Chronic, degenerative. Lobes covered w/
fibrous
scar tissue.
Scar tissue restricts hepatic blood flow.
Hepatomegaly.
4th leading cause of death between 40-60
years
Cirrhosis: Alteration of liver Reduced ability to metabolize albumin
function Obstruction of portal vein
Increased pressure in veins that drain GI
tract
Laënnec's Alcoholic cirrhosis
Most common in US
More men than women
ETOH cirrhosis, obstructive phase Fatty acids & triglycerides ↑. Liver cells
enlarge &
rupture. Fatty cysts form. Fibrosis &
scarring =
necrosis.
Liver shrinks & function ↓.
Obstructed flow = increased pressure &
back up of
blood
, ETOH cirrhosis, congestive phase Congestion = leaking plasma to peritoneal
cavity.
Albumin production ↓. Renin & aldosterone
production ↑.
increased H2o and Na retention.
Ascites results
Postnecrotic cirrhosis Viral hepatitis. Exposure to hepatotoxins.
Infection
Primary biliary cirrhosis Destruction of the bile ducts. More women
than
men.
Secondary biliary cirrhosis Chronic obstruction caused by gallstones
Cardiac cirrhosis long standing Right sided heart failure
cirrhosis: Elevated Diagnostic Serum bilirubin. AST (SGOT). ALT (SGPT)
Tests LDH. Prolonged PT, INR. Elevated
ammonia.
cirrhosis: Decreased Diagnostic Total protein & serum albumin
Tests Low blood glucose from impaired
gluconeogensis
cirrhosis: Diagnostic Tests Abnormal electrolytes. Biopsy of liver.
ERCP. Scans of the liver. Paracentesis.
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions | Latest Updated 2026
Cirrhosis Chronic, degenerative. Lobes covered w/
fibrous
scar tissue.
Scar tissue restricts hepatic blood flow.
Hepatomegaly.
4th leading cause of death between 40-60
years
Cirrhosis: Alteration of liver Reduced ability to metabolize albumin
function Obstruction of portal vein
Increased pressure in veins that drain GI
tract
Laënnec's Alcoholic cirrhosis
Most common in US
More men than women
ETOH cirrhosis, obstructive phase Fatty acids & triglycerides ↑. Liver cells
enlarge &
rupture. Fatty cysts form. Fibrosis &
scarring =
necrosis.
Liver shrinks & function ↓.
Obstructed flow = increased pressure &
back up of
blood
, ETOH cirrhosis, congestive phase Congestion = leaking plasma to peritoneal
cavity.
Albumin production ↓. Renin & aldosterone
production ↑.
increased H2o and Na retention.
Ascites results
Postnecrotic cirrhosis Viral hepatitis. Exposure to hepatotoxins.
Infection
Primary biliary cirrhosis Destruction of the bile ducts. More women
than
men.
Secondary biliary cirrhosis Chronic obstruction caused by gallstones
Cardiac cirrhosis long standing Right sided heart failure
cirrhosis: Elevated Diagnostic Serum bilirubin. AST (SGOT). ALT (SGPT)
Tests LDH. Prolonged PT, INR. Elevated
ammonia.
cirrhosis: Decreased Diagnostic Total protein & serum albumin
Tests Low blood glucose from impaired
gluconeogensis
cirrhosis: Diagnostic Tests Abnormal electrolytes. Biopsy of liver.
ERCP. Scans of the liver. Paracentesis.
