Nurs 6630 Psychopharmacology
Actual Complete Final Exam Merged
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When a person or animal confronts actual (or perceived) danger
situations, what neurochemical and hormonal reactions start to
occur? - ANSWER-nonessential physiological processes shut down (i.e.
digestion & reproduction), energy is channeled into a host of functions
preparing for rapid action.
Stressful events are perceived at the __________, processed at the
_______, which then activates lower brain areas & puts the limbic
system on alert - ANSWER-cortex, amygdala
when there is imminent danger, a burst of excitation originates from
the locus coeruleus which releases _____________, which results in
instantaneous hypervigilance. - ANSWER-norepinephrine
,what is responsible for the release of stress hormones? - ANSWER-
limbic system and hypothalamus by activating the SNS, HTA, or HPA
_________ ions act as a brake and dampen the limbic alert - ANSWER-
chloride
________ enhance the flow of negative (chloride) ions which results in
widespread calming in many areas of the brain - ANSWER-
benzodiazepines
excitability in the locus coeruleus is also mediated by _______ -
ANSWER-serotonin
in the Locus Coeruleus, serotonin is ____________. - ANSWER-
inhibitory
A decrease in serotonin may impact the locus coeruleus by making it
more disinhibited and more sensitive to ___________. - ANSWER-
activation
Acquired fears appear to be mediated primarily by the ___________. -
ANSWER-amygdala
After very frightening events, the amygdala ________ certain stimulus
events of the experience. These memories are highly resistant to
extinction. - ANSWER-encodes
There is speculation that _______ many play a role in inhibiting
cellular reactivity in the amygdala - ANSWER-serotonin
What are four medication options for treating GAD? - ANSWER-
benzodiazepines, atypical antianxiety (buspirone), SNRIs and SSRIs,
and gabapentin
, Benzodiazepines can be used to treat severe cases of GAD, but should
not be used if the patient is at risk for ___________ - ANSWER-
dependence/substance abuse
_______ reduces worry and rumination seen in GAD, but it is not
addictive - ANSWER-Buspirone
This antiseizure medication is primarily used to treat anxiety in bipolar
disorder - ANSWER-gabapentin
Specific phobias are generally not treated with __________________.
- ANSWER-psychotropic medications
what is effective at reducing anxiety surrounding public speaking? -
ANSWER-beta-blockers
Pervasive forms social anxiety (and avoidant personality disorder) may
be treated with what three medications? - ANSWER-SSRIs, SNRIs, or
MAOIs
____________ is the anxiety disorder for which medication treatment
plays its most important role - ANSWER-panic disorder
What three medication classes generally treat panic? - ANSWER-
benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and MAO inhibitors
______ of patients have return of panic symptoms if medication is
stopped - ANSWER-70%
What four anxiety disorders are generally NOT treated with
medication unless they are severe or fail to respond to psychotherapy.
- ANSWER-GAD, specific phobia, social phobia, agoraphobia without
panic
Actual Complete Final Exam Merged
With Correct Complete Solutions ||
Already Graded A+ || 2026-2027 Latest
Update!!!
When a person or animal confronts actual (or perceived) danger
situations, what neurochemical and hormonal reactions start to
occur? - ANSWER-nonessential physiological processes shut down (i.e.
digestion & reproduction), energy is channeled into a host of functions
preparing for rapid action.
Stressful events are perceived at the __________, processed at the
_______, which then activates lower brain areas & puts the limbic
system on alert - ANSWER-cortex, amygdala
when there is imminent danger, a burst of excitation originates from
the locus coeruleus which releases _____________, which results in
instantaneous hypervigilance. - ANSWER-norepinephrine
,what is responsible for the release of stress hormones? - ANSWER-
limbic system and hypothalamus by activating the SNS, HTA, or HPA
_________ ions act as a brake and dampen the limbic alert - ANSWER-
chloride
________ enhance the flow of negative (chloride) ions which results in
widespread calming in many areas of the brain - ANSWER-
benzodiazepines
excitability in the locus coeruleus is also mediated by _______ -
ANSWER-serotonin
in the Locus Coeruleus, serotonin is ____________. - ANSWER-
inhibitory
A decrease in serotonin may impact the locus coeruleus by making it
more disinhibited and more sensitive to ___________. - ANSWER-
activation
Acquired fears appear to be mediated primarily by the ___________. -
ANSWER-amygdala
After very frightening events, the amygdala ________ certain stimulus
events of the experience. These memories are highly resistant to
extinction. - ANSWER-encodes
There is speculation that _______ many play a role in inhibiting
cellular reactivity in the amygdala - ANSWER-serotonin
What are four medication options for treating GAD? - ANSWER-
benzodiazepines, atypical antianxiety (buspirone), SNRIs and SSRIs,
and gabapentin
, Benzodiazepines can be used to treat severe cases of GAD, but should
not be used if the patient is at risk for ___________ - ANSWER-
dependence/substance abuse
_______ reduces worry and rumination seen in GAD, but it is not
addictive - ANSWER-Buspirone
This antiseizure medication is primarily used to treat anxiety in bipolar
disorder - ANSWER-gabapentin
Specific phobias are generally not treated with __________________.
- ANSWER-psychotropic medications
what is effective at reducing anxiety surrounding public speaking? -
ANSWER-beta-blockers
Pervasive forms social anxiety (and avoidant personality disorder) may
be treated with what three medications? - ANSWER-SSRIs, SNRIs, or
MAOIs
____________ is the anxiety disorder for which medication treatment
plays its most important role - ANSWER-panic disorder
What three medication classes generally treat panic? - ANSWER-
benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and MAO inhibitors
______ of patients have return of panic symptoms if medication is
stopped - ANSWER-70%
What four anxiety disorders are generally NOT treated with
medication unless they are severe or fail to respond to psychotherapy.
- ANSWER-GAD, specific phobia, social phobia, agoraphobia without
panic
