FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
12TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. POTTER;
ANNE G. PERRY; PATRICIA A.
STOCKERT; AMY HALL; WENDY
R. OSTENDORF
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A registered nurse is discussing the characteristics of a
profession with a group of newly hired nurses. Which statement
by a participant demonstrates an understanding of professional
nursing?
A. "Professional nursing is based primarily on carrying out
provider prescriptions."
B. "Professional nursing integrates specialized knowledge,
ethical practice, and accountability for patient outcomes."
C. "Professional nursing requires technical skills but does not
involve independent clinical judgment."
D. "Professional nursing focuses on completing assigned tasks
efficiently."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Professional nursing is distinguished by specialized knowledge,
evidence-informed practice, ethical decision-making,
accountability, and clinical judgment. Nurses independently
assess, plan, implement, and evaluate care while collaborating
with the health care team. The remaining options emphasize
task completion or dependence on others rather than
professional nursing practice.
,Question 2
A nurse is caring for four patients on a medical-surgical unit.
Which action best demonstrates patient advocacy?
A. Completing all scheduled documentation before speaking
with the patient.
B. Supporting a competent patient's informed decision to refuse
a recommended treatment after ensuring the patient
understands the risks and benefits.
C. Persuading the patient to follow the provider's
recommendation regardless of personal preferences.
D. Asking a family member to make decisions for an alert adult
patient.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Patient advocacy includes protecting the patient's rights,
supporting informed decision-making, and respecting patient
autonomy. Nurses ensure patients receive understandable
information before making health care decisions. Pressuring
patients or allowing others to make decisions for competent
adults undermines patient autonomy.
Question 3
, A nursing student asks why evidence-based practice is
emphasized in nursing education. Which response by the
instructor is most appropriate?
A. "It eliminates the need for clinical judgment."
B. "It combines the best available evidence, clinical expertise,
and patient preferences to improve care."
C. "It requires nurses to follow the same intervention for every
patient."
D. "It replaces communication with patients during care
planning."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Evidence-based practice integrates current research evidence,
clinical expertise, and patient values to guide safe,
individualized nursing care. Clinical judgment and patient-
centered communication remain essential components of
quality care.
Question 4
A nurse notices that a medication dosage appears significantly
higher than expected for a child. What is the nurse's priority
action?
A. Administer the medication because it was prescribed.
B. Clarify the prescription before administering the medication.
12TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. POTTER;
ANNE G. PERRY; PATRICIA A.
STOCKERT; AMY HALL; WENDY
R. OSTENDORF
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A registered nurse is discussing the characteristics of a
profession with a group of newly hired nurses. Which statement
by a participant demonstrates an understanding of professional
nursing?
A. "Professional nursing is based primarily on carrying out
provider prescriptions."
B. "Professional nursing integrates specialized knowledge,
ethical practice, and accountability for patient outcomes."
C. "Professional nursing requires technical skills but does not
involve independent clinical judgment."
D. "Professional nursing focuses on completing assigned tasks
efficiently."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Professional nursing is distinguished by specialized knowledge,
evidence-informed practice, ethical decision-making,
accountability, and clinical judgment. Nurses independently
assess, plan, implement, and evaluate care while collaborating
with the health care team. The remaining options emphasize
task completion or dependence on others rather than
professional nursing practice.
,Question 2
A nurse is caring for four patients on a medical-surgical unit.
Which action best demonstrates patient advocacy?
A. Completing all scheduled documentation before speaking
with the patient.
B. Supporting a competent patient's informed decision to refuse
a recommended treatment after ensuring the patient
understands the risks and benefits.
C. Persuading the patient to follow the provider's
recommendation regardless of personal preferences.
D. Asking a family member to make decisions for an alert adult
patient.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Patient advocacy includes protecting the patient's rights,
supporting informed decision-making, and respecting patient
autonomy. Nurses ensure patients receive understandable
information before making health care decisions. Pressuring
patients or allowing others to make decisions for competent
adults undermines patient autonomy.
Question 3
, A nursing student asks why evidence-based practice is
emphasized in nursing education. Which response by the
instructor is most appropriate?
A. "It eliminates the need for clinical judgment."
B. "It combines the best available evidence, clinical expertise,
and patient preferences to improve care."
C. "It requires nurses to follow the same intervention for every
patient."
D. "It replaces communication with patients during care
planning."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Evidence-based practice integrates current research evidence,
clinical expertise, and patient values to guide safe,
individualized nursing care. Clinical judgment and patient-
centered communication remain essential components of
quality care.
Question 4
A nurse notices that a medication dosage appears significantly
higher than expected for a child. What is the nurse's priority
action?
A. Administer the medication because it was prescribed.
B. Clarify the prescription before administering the medication.
