NSG 3113 Pathophysiology Exam
2 Questions & Answers 2026 |
High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. Diverticulitis is defined as:
The herniation of intestine through abdominal muscle layers
The inflammation of the submucosal colonic lining due to constipation
The inflammation of a diverticula, usually due to the buildup of
trapped bacteria
The herniation of mucosal or submucosal colonic layers through
muscular colonic layers
2. Describe the primary characteristics of pyelonephritis and its impact on
kidney function.
Pyelonephritis is an autoimmune disorder that attacks kidney tissues.
Pyelonephritis is an infection of the kidneys that can lead to
inflammation and impaired kidney function.
Pyelonephritis is a chronic condition that only affects the urinary tract.
Pyelonephritis is a type of bladder infection that does not affect
kidney function.
3. Steatorrhea is classified as:
decrease of fat in the stools.
excessive minerals in the stools.
decrease of protein in the stools.
excessive fat in the stools.
excessive protein in the stools.
,4. Describe the significance of the 'evolving' characteristic in identifying
melanoma.
The 'evolving' characteristic refers to the mole being symmetrical.
The 'evolving' characteristic indicates that the mole is changing in
color, shape, or size, which is a warning sign of melanoma.
The 'evolving' characteristic means the mole is stable and not
changing.
The 'evolving' characteristic is not relevant to melanoma.
5. If a patient presents with a mole that has uneven borders and multiple colors,
what should be the next step in their evaluation for melanoma?
Perform a biopsy immediately.
Ignore the mole as it is likely benign.
Advise the patient to monitor the mole for changes.
Refer the patient for a dermatological evaluation.
6. Describe the primary cause of diverticulitis and its impact on the digestive
system.
Diverticulitis is an autoimmune disorder affecting the intestines.
Diverticulitis is caused by a lack of fiber in the diet, resulting in
constipation.
Diverticulitis is a viral infection that affects the stomach lining.
Diverticulitis occurs when diverticula become inflamed or infected,
leading to abdominal pain and digestive issues.
,7. Describe the main characteristics of an ulcer and its typical locations in the
body.
An ulcer is a skin condition that results in excessive dryness and
flaking.
An ulcer is a type of viral infection that affects the respiratory system.
An ulcer is characterized by a sore that can occur in the stomach,
small intestine, or colon, often causing pain and discomfort.
An ulcer is a benign tumor that grows in the lungs and does not cause
symptoms.
8. If a patient presents with symptoms of cellulitis, what initial steps should a
healthcare provider take to manage the condition?
The healthcare provider should prescribe pain relievers without
further assessment.
The healthcare provider should recommend home remedies and
monitor the patient.
The healthcare provider should perform surgery immediately.
The healthcare provider should assess the severity of the infection
and initiate antibiotic therapy.
9. If a patient presents with red, inflamed patches covered with silvery scales,
what condition might they be experiencing?
Eczema
Dermatitis
Acne
Psoriasis
, 10. Based on information in the figure above, why do individuals with kidney
disease sometimes become anemic?
Kidney disease spreads to the bones and interferes with red blood
cell production.
Excessive red blood cells are lost in the urine due to leaky filtration in
the diseased kidneys.
The diseased kidneys do not secrete adequate erythropoietin.
The diseased kidneys destroy circulating red blood cells.
11. What is diverticulitis?
A condition caused by an STD
Multiple , non inflamed diverticula
When the diverticula in the bowel become inflamed or infected
Sac like pockets in the intestinal mucosa
12. Describe the implications of kidney damage on the secretion of waste
products in the body.
Damaged kidneys enhance the secretion of glucose and sodium.
Damaged kidneys may lead to increased levels of urea and
creatinine in the bloodstream due to impaired filtration.
Damaged kidneys only affect the secretion of hormones.
Damaged kidneys have no effect on waste product levels in the
bloodstream.
13. Which of the following types of hepatitis is formally known as infectious
hepatitis?
2 Questions & Answers 2026 |
High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. Diverticulitis is defined as:
The herniation of intestine through abdominal muscle layers
The inflammation of the submucosal colonic lining due to constipation
The inflammation of a diverticula, usually due to the buildup of
trapped bacteria
The herniation of mucosal or submucosal colonic layers through
muscular colonic layers
2. Describe the primary characteristics of pyelonephritis and its impact on
kidney function.
Pyelonephritis is an autoimmune disorder that attacks kidney tissues.
Pyelonephritis is an infection of the kidneys that can lead to
inflammation and impaired kidney function.
Pyelonephritis is a chronic condition that only affects the urinary tract.
Pyelonephritis is a type of bladder infection that does not affect
kidney function.
3. Steatorrhea is classified as:
decrease of fat in the stools.
excessive minerals in the stools.
decrease of protein in the stools.
excessive fat in the stools.
excessive protein in the stools.
,4. Describe the significance of the 'evolving' characteristic in identifying
melanoma.
The 'evolving' characteristic refers to the mole being symmetrical.
The 'evolving' characteristic indicates that the mole is changing in
color, shape, or size, which is a warning sign of melanoma.
The 'evolving' characteristic means the mole is stable and not
changing.
The 'evolving' characteristic is not relevant to melanoma.
5. If a patient presents with a mole that has uneven borders and multiple colors,
what should be the next step in their evaluation for melanoma?
Perform a biopsy immediately.
Ignore the mole as it is likely benign.
Advise the patient to monitor the mole for changes.
Refer the patient for a dermatological evaluation.
6. Describe the primary cause of diverticulitis and its impact on the digestive
system.
Diverticulitis is an autoimmune disorder affecting the intestines.
Diverticulitis is caused by a lack of fiber in the diet, resulting in
constipation.
Diverticulitis is a viral infection that affects the stomach lining.
Diverticulitis occurs when diverticula become inflamed or infected,
leading to abdominal pain and digestive issues.
,7. Describe the main characteristics of an ulcer and its typical locations in the
body.
An ulcer is a skin condition that results in excessive dryness and
flaking.
An ulcer is a type of viral infection that affects the respiratory system.
An ulcer is characterized by a sore that can occur in the stomach,
small intestine, or colon, often causing pain and discomfort.
An ulcer is a benign tumor that grows in the lungs and does not cause
symptoms.
8. If a patient presents with symptoms of cellulitis, what initial steps should a
healthcare provider take to manage the condition?
The healthcare provider should prescribe pain relievers without
further assessment.
The healthcare provider should recommend home remedies and
monitor the patient.
The healthcare provider should perform surgery immediately.
The healthcare provider should assess the severity of the infection
and initiate antibiotic therapy.
9. If a patient presents with red, inflamed patches covered with silvery scales,
what condition might they be experiencing?
Eczema
Dermatitis
Acne
Psoriasis
, 10. Based on information in the figure above, why do individuals with kidney
disease sometimes become anemic?
Kidney disease spreads to the bones and interferes with red blood
cell production.
Excessive red blood cells are lost in the urine due to leaky filtration in
the diseased kidneys.
The diseased kidneys do not secrete adequate erythropoietin.
The diseased kidneys destroy circulating red blood cells.
11. What is diverticulitis?
A condition caused by an STD
Multiple , non inflamed diverticula
When the diverticula in the bowel become inflamed or infected
Sac like pockets in the intestinal mucosa
12. Describe the implications of kidney damage on the secretion of waste
products in the body.
Damaged kidneys enhance the secretion of glucose and sodium.
Damaged kidneys may lead to increased levels of urea and
creatinine in the bloodstream due to impaired filtration.
Damaged kidneys only affect the secretion of hormones.
Damaged kidneys have no effect on waste product levels in the
bloodstream.
13. Which of the following types of hepatitis is formally known as infectious
hepatitis?
