FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
12TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. POTTER;
ANNE G. PERRY; PATRICIA A.
STOCKERT; AMY HALL; WENDY
R. OSTENDORF
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A nurse is assessing four newly admitted patients. Which
patient should the nurse assess first?
A. A patient with chronic arthritis reporting pain rated 6/10
B. A patient with diabetes who has a blood glucose of 182
mg/dL before dinner
C. A patient who suddenly reports difficulty breathing and has
an oxygen saturation of 88%
D. A patient requesting assistance with changing into a hospital
gown
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Difficulty breathing with an oxygen saturation of 88% indicates
impaired oxygenation, which is an immediate threat to life.
According to prioritization principles using airway, breathing,
and circulation (ABC), this patient requires immediate
assessment and intervention. Pain, mildly elevated blood
glucose, and assistance with activities of daily living are
important but do not take priority over compromised breathing.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a patient who is at high risk for falls. Which
intervention is most appropriate?
,A. Raise all four side rails at all times.
B. Place frequently used items within the patient's reach.
C. Encourage the patient to walk independently to improve
confidence.
D. Keep the room lights off to promote rest.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Keeping frequently used items within reach reduces
unnecessary attempts to get out of bed and helps prevent falls.
Raising all four side rails may be considered a restraint and can
increase injury risk. High-risk patients should receive assistance
with ambulation, and adequate lighting improves safety rather
than increasing fall risk.
Question 3
A nurse enters a patient's room and notices smoke coming from
an electrical infusion pump. What is the nurse's priority action?
A. Notify the provider.
B. Turn off the oxygen in the room.
C. Remove the patient from immediate danger.
D. Complete an incident report.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
The first priority during a fire-related emergency is protecting
, the patient from immediate danger. Removing the patient from
the hazardous area follows the rescue principle before
activating alarms or containing the fire. Documentation and
provider notification occur after the patient is safe.
Question 4
A nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication. The
patient states, "I don't think I've ever taken this medicine
before." What should the nurse do first?
A. Administer the medication because it is prescribed.
B. Verify the medication order and review the patient's
medication record.
C. Ask another nurse to administer the medication.
D. Tell the patient that the medication is probably correct.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The nurse should first verify the medication order and compare
it with the patient's medication history. Patient concerns should
always be investigated before medication administration.
Administering the medication without verification could
jeopardize patient safety.
Question 5
12TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. POTTER;
ANNE G. PERRY; PATRICIA A.
STOCKERT; AMY HALL; WENDY
R. OSTENDORF
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A nurse is assessing four newly admitted patients. Which
patient should the nurse assess first?
A. A patient with chronic arthritis reporting pain rated 6/10
B. A patient with diabetes who has a blood glucose of 182
mg/dL before dinner
C. A patient who suddenly reports difficulty breathing and has
an oxygen saturation of 88%
D. A patient requesting assistance with changing into a hospital
gown
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Difficulty breathing with an oxygen saturation of 88% indicates
impaired oxygenation, which is an immediate threat to life.
According to prioritization principles using airway, breathing,
and circulation (ABC), this patient requires immediate
assessment and intervention. Pain, mildly elevated blood
glucose, and assistance with activities of daily living are
important but do not take priority over compromised breathing.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a patient who is at high risk for falls. Which
intervention is most appropriate?
,A. Raise all four side rails at all times.
B. Place frequently used items within the patient's reach.
C. Encourage the patient to walk independently to improve
confidence.
D. Keep the room lights off to promote rest.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Keeping frequently used items within reach reduces
unnecessary attempts to get out of bed and helps prevent falls.
Raising all four side rails may be considered a restraint and can
increase injury risk. High-risk patients should receive assistance
with ambulation, and adequate lighting improves safety rather
than increasing fall risk.
Question 3
A nurse enters a patient's room and notices smoke coming from
an electrical infusion pump. What is the nurse's priority action?
A. Notify the provider.
B. Turn off the oxygen in the room.
C. Remove the patient from immediate danger.
D. Complete an incident report.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
The first priority during a fire-related emergency is protecting
, the patient from immediate danger. Removing the patient from
the hazardous area follows the rescue principle before
activating alarms or containing the fire. Documentation and
provider notification occur after the patient is safe.
Question 4
A nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication. The
patient states, "I don't think I've ever taken this medicine
before." What should the nurse do first?
A. Administer the medication because it is prescribed.
B. Verify the medication order and review the patient's
medication record.
C. Ask another nurse to administer the medication.
D. Tell the patient that the medication is probably correct.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The nurse should first verify the medication order and compare
it with the patient's medication history. Patient concerns should
always be investigated before medication administration.
Administering the medication without verification could
jeopardize patient safety.
Question 5
