Medsurg-Hesi Exam Questions
With Correct Answers
An ER nurse is completing an assessment on a patient that is alert but
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
struggles to answer questions. When she attempts to talk, she slurs her
| | | | | | | | | | | |
speech and appears very frightened. What additional clinical
| | | | | | | |
manifestation does the nurse expect to find if nacy's sysmptoms have
| | | | | | | | | | |
been caused by a brain attack (stroke)?
| | | | | | |
A. A carotid bruit
| | |
B. A hypotensive blood pressure
| | | |
C. hyperreflexic deep tendon relexes.
| | | |
D. Decreased bowel sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A) A carotid bruit.
| | | | | | | | |
Rationale: the carotid artery (artery to the brain) is narrowed in clients
| | | | | | | | | | |
with a brain attack. A bruit is an abnormal sound heard on auscultation
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
resulting from interference with normal blood flow. Usually the blood
| | | | | | | | | |
pressure is hypertensive. Initially flaccid paralysis occurs, resulting in
| | | | | | | | |
hyporefkexic deep tendon reflexes. Bowel sounds are not indicative of a
| | | | | | | | | | |
brain attack.
| |
,Which clinical manifestation further supports an assessment of a left-
| | | | | | | | |
sided brain attack?
| |
A) Visual field deficit on the left side.
| | | | | | |
B) Spatial-perceptual deficits.
| |
C) Paresthesia of the left side.
| | | | |
D) Global aphasia.
| |
D) Global aphasia. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-D) Global aphasia.
| | | | | | |
Rationale: Global aphasia refers to difficulty speaking, listening, and
| | | | | | | |
understanding, as well as difficulty reading and writing. Symptoms vary
| | | | | | | | | |
from person to person. Aphasia may occur secondary to any brain injury
| | | | | | | | | | | |
involving the left hemisphere. Visual field deficits, spatial-perceptual
| | | | | | | |
deficits, and paresthsia of the left side usually occur with right-sided
| | | | | | | | | | |
brain attack.
| |
When preparing a patient for a noncontrast computed tomography (CT)
| | | | | | | | |
scan STAT, what nursing intervention should the nurse implement?
| | | | | | | | |
A) Determine if the client has any allergies to iodine
| | | | | | | | |
B) Explain that the client will not be able to move her head throughout
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
the CT scan.
| | |
,C) Premedicate the client to decrease pain prior to having the
| | | | | | | | | |
procedure.
|
D) Provide an explanation of relaxation exercises prior to the procedure.
| | | | | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-B) Explain that the client will not be able to
| | | | | | | | | | | |
move her head throughout the CT scan.
| | | | | | |
Rationale: Because head motion will distort the images, Nancy will have
| | | | | | | | | |
to remain still throughout the procedure. Allergies to iodine is
| | | | | | | | | |
important if contrast dye is being used for the CT scan. Premedicating
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the client to decrease pain prior to the procedure is unnecessary
| | | | | | | | | | |
because CT scanning is a noninvasive and painless procedure. Providing
| | | | | | | | | |
an explanation of relaxation exercises prior to the procedure is a
| | | | | | | | | | |
worthwhile intervention to decrease anxiety but is not of highest
| | | | | | | | | |
priority.
|
A neurologist prescribes a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the
| | | | | | | | |
head STAT for a patient. Which data warrants immediate intervention
| | | | | | | | | |
by the nurse concerning this diagnostic test?
| | | | | | |
A) Elevated blood pressure.
| | |
B) Allergy to shell fish.
| | | |
C) Right hip replacement.
| | |
D) History of atrial fibrillation. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-C) Right hip
| | | | | | | | |
replacement.
|
, The magnetic field generated by the MRI is so strong that metal-
| | | | | | | | | | |
containing items are strongly attracted to the magnet. Because the hip
| | | | | | | | | |
joint is made of metal, a lead shield must be used during the procedure.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Elevated blood pressure, an allergy to shell fish, and a history of atrial
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
fibrillation would not affect the MRI.
| | | | | |
A client's daughter is sitting by her mother's bedside who was recently
| | | | | | | | | | |
transferred to the Intermediate Care Unit. She states "I don't
| | | | | | | | | |
understand what a brain attack is. The healthcare provider told me my
| | | | | | | | | | | |
mother is in serious condition and they are going to run several tests. I
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
just don't know what is going on. What happened to my mother?"
| | | | | | | | | | | |
What is the best response by the nurse?
| | | | | | | |
A) "I am sorry, but according to the Health Insurance Portability and
| | | | | | | | | | |
Accounting Act (HIPAA), I cannot give you any information."
| | | | | | | | |
B) "Your mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the brain has
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
been blocked."
| |
C) "How do you feel about what the healthcare provider said?"
| | | | | | | | | |
D) "I will call the healthcare provider so he/she can talk to you about
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
your mother's serious condition." - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-B) "Your
| | | | | | | |
mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the brain has been
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
blocked."
|
With Correct Answers
An ER nurse is completing an assessment on a patient that is alert but
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
struggles to answer questions. When she attempts to talk, she slurs her
| | | | | | | | | | | |
speech and appears very frightened. What additional clinical
| | | | | | | |
manifestation does the nurse expect to find if nacy's sysmptoms have
| | | | | | | | | | |
been caused by a brain attack (stroke)?
| | | | | | |
A. A carotid bruit
| | |
B. A hypotensive blood pressure
| | | |
C. hyperreflexic deep tendon relexes.
| | | |
D. Decreased bowel sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A) A carotid bruit.
| | | | | | | | |
Rationale: the carotid artery (artery to the brain) is narrowed in clients
| | | | | | | | | | |
with a brain attack. A bruit is an abnormal sound heard on auscultation
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
resulting from interference with normal blood flow. Usually the blood
| | | | | | | | | |
pressure is hypertensive. Initially flaccid paralysis occurs, resulting in
| | | | | | | | |
hyporefkexic deep tendon reflexes. Bowel sounds are not indicative of a
| | | | | | | | | | |
brain attack.
| |
,Which clinical manifestation further supports an assessment of a left-
| | | | | | | | |
sided brain attack?
| |
A) Visual field deficit on the left side.
| | | | | | |
B) Spatial-perceptual deficits.
| |
C) Paresthesia of the left side.
| | | | |
D) Global aphasia.
| |
D) Global aphasia. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-D) Global aphasia.
| | | | | | |
Rationale: Global aphasia refers to difficulty speaking, listening, and
| | | | | | | |
understanding, as well as difficulty reading and writing. Symptoms vary
| | | | | | | | | |
from person to person. Aphasia may occur secondary to any brain injury
| | | | | | | | | | | |
involving the left hemisphere. Visual field deficits, spatial-perceptual
| | | | | | | |
deficits, and paresthsia of the left side usually occur with right-sided
| | | | | | | | | | |
brain attack.
| |
When preparing a patient for a noncontrast computed tomography (CT)
| | | | | | | | |
scan STAT, what nursing intervention should the nurse implement?
| | | | | | | | |
A) Determine if the client has any allergies to iodine
| | | | | | | | |
B) Explain that the client will not be able to move her head throughout
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
the CT scan.
| | |
,C) Premedicate the client to decrease pain prior to having the
| | | | | | | | | |
procedure.
|
D) Provide an explanation of relaxation exercises prior to the procedure.
| | | | | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-B) Explain that the client will not be able to
| | | | | | | | | | | |
move her head throughout the CT scan.
| | | | | | |
Rationale: Because head motion will distort the images, Nancy will have
| | | | | | | | | |
to remain still throughout the procedure. Allergies to iodine is
| | | | | | | | | |
important if contrast dye is being used for the CT scan. Premedicating
| | | | | | | | | | | |
the client to decrease pain prior to the procedure is unnecessary
| | | | | | | | | | |
because CT scanning is a noninvasive and painless procedure. Providing
| | | | | | | | | |
an explanation of relaxation exercises prior to the procedure is a
| | | | | | | | | | |
worthwhile intervention to decrease anxiety but is not of highest
| | | | | | | | | |
priority.
|
A neurologist prescribes a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the
| | | | | | | | |
head STAT for a patient. Which data warrants immediate intervention
| | | | | | | | | |
by the nurse concerning this diagnostic test?
| | | | | | |
A) Elevated blood pressure.
| | |
B) Allergy to shell fish.
| | | |
C) Right hip replacement.
| | |
D) History of atrial fibrillation. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-C) Right hip
| | | | | | | | |
replacement.
|
, The magnetic field generated by the MRI is so strong that metal-
| | | | | | | | | | |
containing items are strongly attracted to the magnet. Because the hip
| | | | | | | | | |
joint is made of metal, a lead shield must be used during the procedure.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Elevated blood pressure, an allergy to shell fish, and a history of atrial
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
fibrillation would not affect the MRI.
| | | | | |
A client's daughter is sitting by her mother's bedside who was recently
| | | | | | | | | | |
transferred to the Intermediate Care Unit. She states "I don't
| | | | | | | | | |
understand what a brain attack is. The healthcare provider told me my
| | | | | | | | | | | |
mother is in serious condition and they are going to run several tests. I
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
just don't know what is going on. What happened to my mother?"
| | | | | | | | | | | |
What is the best response by the nurse?
| | | | | | | |
A) "I am sorry, but according to the Health Insurance Portability and
| | | | | | | | | | |
Accounting Act (HIPAA), I cannot give you any information."
| | | | | | | | |
B) "Your mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the brain has
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
been blocked."
| |
C) "How do you feel about what the healthcare provider said?"
| | | | | | | | | |
D) "I will call the healthcare provider so he/she can talk to you about
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
your mother's serious condition." - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-B) "Your
| | | | | | | |
mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the brain has been
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
blocked."
|
