, TESTBANK FOR Turnock's Public Health What It Is and How It Works
Eighth Edition Birkhead
Important Notes
The file includes the complete test bank, organized chapter by chapter.
A sample of selected pages has been provided for preview.
All available appendices and Excel files (if included in the original resources) are
provided.
Quizzes, Midterm and final exams are included (if available in the original resources).
We continuously update our files to ensure you receive the latest and most accurate
editions.
New editions are added regularly – stay connected for updates!
⚠️Note on Answer Keys: If the answer key is not included within the chapter
questions, you will find the complete answers and solutions at the end of each
chapter.
✅ Why Buy From Us?
📚 Complete & organized chapter-by-chapter – no missing content, no guessing.
⚡ Instant digital delivery – get your file the moment you pay, no waiting.
📅 Always up to date – we track new editions so you always get the latest version.
💬 Friendly support – real humans ready to help, anytime you need us.
🔒 Safe & secure – thousands of satisfied students trust us every semester.
🛡️Our Guarantees
💰 Money-Back Guarantee: Not satisfied? We offer a full refund – no questions asked.
🔄 Wrong File? No Problem: Contact us and we will replace it immediately with the
correct version, free of charge.
⏰ 24/7 Support: We are always here – reach out anytime and expect a fast response.
,Multiple Choice
1. What factor contributed to the escalation of criticism against public health during the COVID-
19 pandemic?
A) Lack of media coverage
B) Decrease in political involvement
C) Instantaneous social connectivity and political polarization
D) Stronger international cooperation
ANSWER: C
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
2. Which of the following statements characterizes an important difference between public health
and most other professions?
A) Education and training beyond the undergraduate (college) level is not available for public
health.
B) Large professional organizations do not exist for public health.
C) Public health professionals work only in the public sector.
D) Public health professionals don’t share common academic preparation, but share a
commitment to improved population health.
ANSWER: D
Ahead: Definitions of Public Health
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
3. Which of the following is a limitation of defining public health solely as a workforce?
A) It ignores the role of government agencies.
B) It focuses only on private healthcare providers.
C) It overlooks the variety of workers and community involvement.
D) It emphasizes only technical skills like epidemiology.
ANSWER: C
Ahead: Definitions of Public Health
Subject: Chapter 1
Subject: What Is Public Health?
,4. Public health was characterized as fulfilling society’s interest in assuring conditions in which
people could be healthy by:
A) the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Healthy People 2020.
B) the Institute of Medicine in The Future of Public Health.
C) C.-E.A. Winslow.
D) Sir Geoffrey Vickers.
ANSWER: B
Ahead: Definitions of Public Health
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
5. When public health is seen primarily as actions like tracking diseases and regulating
restaurants, it is defined as which of these?
A) A social determinant of health
B) A governmental insurance system
C) A set of knowledge and techniques applied to health problems
D) A charitable healthcare service
ANSWER: C
Ahead: Definitions of Public Health
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
6. Which of these domains of determinants of health is included in the social-ecological model of
determinants of health?
A) Living and working conditions
B) Social, family, and community networks
C) Individual behavior
D) All of these options are included.
ANSWER: D
Ahead: Public Health as a System
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
7. Why did Shattuck’s public health recommendations take several decades to be widely
accepted?
,A) There was initial resistance, and only later did states recognize the importance of
environmental and disease control.
B) The government immediately implemented all his suggestions.
C) Public health needs changed quickly after his report.
D) Funding was abundant, so there was no urgency to act.
ANSWER: A
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
8. Which of the following had the greatest impact on average life expectancy in the United States
between 1900 and 2000?
A) Vaccinations for infectious diseases
B) Improvements in sanitation and hygiene
C) Advances in medical care technology
D) Health education
ANSWER: B
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
9. Protection of the U.S. blood supply was responsible for preventing 1.5 million cases of which
of the following?
A) HIV
B) Hepatitis B
C) Tuberculosis
D) Syphilis
ANSWER: B
Ahead: Introduction
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
10. If trends through 1965 continued until today, the world would have 50 million more of which
of the following?
A) Alcohol abusers
B) Drug users
C) Smokers
,D) Persons living with HIV/AIDS
ANSWER: C
Ahead: Introduction
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
11. Philadelphia created its first board of health in 1783 due to an outbreak of which of the
following?
A) Yellow fever
B) Cholera
C) Tuberculosis
D) Diphtheria
ANSWER: A
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
12. Which of the following diseases was totally eradicated by 1977 due to vaccinations?
A) Tuberculosis
B) Polio
C) Smallpox
D) Cholera
ANSWER: C
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
13. Who authored the 1850 report that became America’s roadmap for development of a public
health system?
A) Lemuel Shattuck
B) Edward Jenner
C) Edwin Chadwick
D) C.-E.A. Winslow
ANSWER: A
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
,Title: What Is Public Health?
14. Which of the following is an abstract concept that determines how each member of society is
allocated their fair share of collective burdens and benefits?
A) Class
B) Science
C) Race
D) Justice
ANSWER: D
Ahead: Characteristics of a Public Health Approach
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
15. Edwin Chadwick believed that disease was the cause of which of the following social ills?
A) Racism
B) Hunger
C) Poverty
D) Slavery
ANSWER: C
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
16. Smoke free laws, fluoridation of drinking water, and fortification of flour with folic acid are
examples of which type of public health intervention?
A) Addressing socio-economic factors
B) Changing the context to make the default decision the healthy decision
C) Long-lasting protective interventions
D) Clinical interventions
ANSWER: B
Ahead: Public Health as a System
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
,17. A hospital CEO advocating with local politicians to adopt clean indoor air laws is an
example of an activity in which “bucket” of prevention?
A) Increased use of evidence-based clinical services
B) Providing clinical services outside of the clinical setting
C) Implementing preventive interventions that reach whole populations
D) Primary prevention
ANSWER: C
Ahead: Characteristics of a Public Health Approach
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
18. Which of the following events had the greatest impact on crude death rates in the United
States in the 20th century?
A) World War II
B) The HIV/AIDS epidemic
C) The polio epidemics of the 1950s
D) The influenza pandemic of 1918–1919.
ANSWER: D
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
19. A health equity-based approach to improving COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in Black
and other disadvantaged communities is best exemplified by which of the following?
A) Engaging mass media to reach the whole population with vaccination messages
B) Engaging community leaders in disadvantaged communities to help deliver and reinforce the
vaccination messages
C) Assuring that vaccinations are made available free of charge
D) Assuring that Medicare and Medicaid provide full coverage without copay for COVID-19
hospitalizations
ANSWER: B
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
20. Which of the following could not be considered part of the broader public health system?
A) A professional sports franchise
,B) A community college
C) A state department of transportation
D) A community foundation
E) None of these is correct.
ANSWER: E
Ahead: Public Health as a System
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
21. Which of the following interventions is likely have the greatest impact to improve the health
of the population in the long run?
A) Individual counseling to improve diet and exercise
B) Treatment for everyone with high blood pressure
C) Universal safe and affordable housing for everyone
D) Smoke free laws
ANSWER: C
Ahead: The Value of Public Health
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
22. Which of the following factors in favor of taking a public health action are likely to result in
the greatest chances of success if the action is implemented?
A) Advocacy for a specific action by a single issue interest group
B) Evidence of efficacy and effectiveness of the action in many peer-reviewed articles
C) The success of the action in a single community
D) Anecdotal evidence of the success of the action
ANSWER: B
Ahead: Characteristics of a Public Health Approach
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
23. In public health, the “pump handle” is a metaphor for which of the following?
A) Discovering the cause of a public health problem
B) Convincing policymakers to take an action to protect the public health
C) Removing the source of a public health problem
D) Assuring a safe drinking water supply
, ANSWER: C
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
True/False
1. True or False? The cholera epidemic of 1854 disproportionately affected lower social classes
in London.
ANSWER: False
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
Matching
1. Match each Essential Service with its appropriate core function:
1. Assessment Core Function
2. Policy Development Core Function
3. Assurance Core Function
A. Investigate, diagnose and investigate health problems and hazards affecting the population.
B. Strengthen, support, and mobilize communities and partnerships.
C. Build and maintain a strong organizational infrastructure for public health.
ANSWER: 1-A, 2-B, 3-C
Ahead: Definitions of Public Health
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
2. Match each person with his contribution to Public Health.
1. C.-E.A Winslow
2. John Snow
3. Edwin Chadwick
4. Edward Jenner
Eighth Edition Birkhead
Important Notes
The file includes the complete test bank, organized chapter by chapter.
A sample of selected pages has been provided for preview.
All available appendices and Excel files (if included in the original resources) are
provided.
Quizzes, Midterm and final exams are included (if available in the original resources).
We continuously update our files to ensure you receive the latest and most accurate
editions.
New editions are added regularly – stay connected for updates!
⚠️Note on Answer Keys: If the answer key is not included within the chapter
questions, you will find the complete answers and solutions at the end of each
chapter.
✅ Why Buy From Us?
📚 Complete & organized chapter-by-chapter – no missing content, no guessing.
⚡ Instant digital delivery – get your file the moment you pay, no waiting.
📅 Always up to date – we track new editions so you always get the latest version.
💬 Friendly support – real humans ready to help, anytime you need us.
🔒 Safe & secure – thousands of satisfied students trust us every semester.
🛡️Our Guarantees
💰 Money-Back Guarantee: Not satisfied? We offer a full refund – no questions asked.
🔄 Wrong File? No Problem: Contact us and we will replace it immediately with the
correct version, free of charge.
⏰ 24/7 Support: We are always here – reach out anytime and expect a fast response.
,Multiple Choice
1. What factor contributed to the escalation of criticism against public health during the COVID-
19 pandemic?
A) Lack of media coverage
B) Decrease in political involvement
C) Instantaneous social connectivity and political polarization
D) Stronger international cooperation
ANSWER: C
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
2. Which of the following statements characterizes an important difference between public health
and most other professions?
A) Education and training beyond the undergraduate (college) level is not available for public
health.
B) Large professional organizations do not exist for public health.
C) Public health professionals work only in the public sector.
D) Public health professionals don’t share common academic preparation, but share a
commitment to improved population health.
ANSWER: D
Ahead: Definitions of Public Health
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
3. Which of the following is a limitation of defining public health solely as a workforce?
A) It ignores the role of government agencies.
B) It focuses only on private healthcare providers.
C) It overlooks the variety of workers and community involvement.
D) It emphasizes only technical skills like epidemiology.
ANSWER: C
Ahead: Definitions of Public Health
Subject: Chapter 1
Subject: What Is Public Health?
,4. Public health was characterized as fulfilling society’s interest in assuring conditions in which
people could be healthy by:
A) the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Healthy People 2020.
B) the Institute of Medicine in The Future of Public Health.
C) C.-E.A. Winslow.
D) Sir Geoffrey Vickers.
ANSWER: B
Ahead: Definitions of Public Health
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
5. When public health is seen primarily as actions like tracking diseases and regulating
restaurants, it is defined as which of these?
A) A social determinant of health
B) A governmental insurance system
C) A set of knowledge and techniques applied to health problems
D) A charitable healthcare service
ANSWER: C
Ahead: Definitions of Public Health
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
6. Which of these domains of determinants of health is included in the social-ecological model of
determinants of health?
A) Living and working conditions
B) Social, family, and community networks
C) Individual behavior
D) All of these options are included.
ANSWER: D
Ahead: Public Health as a System
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
7. Why did Shattuck’s public health recommendations take several decades to be widely
accepted?
,A) There was initial resistance, and only later did states recognize the importance of
environmental and disease control.
B) The government immediately implemented all his suggestions.
C) Public health needs changed quickly after his report.
D) Funding was abundant, so there was no urgency to act.
ANSWER: A
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
8. Which of the following had the greatest impact on average life expectancy in the United States
between 1900 and 2000?
A) Vaccinations for infectious diseases
B) Improvements in sanitation and hygiene
C) Advances in medical care technology
D) Health education
ANSWER: B
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
9. Protection of the U.S. blood supply was responsible for preventing 1.5 million cases of which
of the following?
A) HIV
B) Hepatitis B
C) Tuberculosis
D) Syphilis
ANSWER: B
Ahead: Introduction
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
10. If trends through 1965 continued until today, the world would have 50 million more of which
of the following?
A) Alcohol abusers
B) Drug users
C) Smokers
,D) Persons living with HIV/AIDS
ANSWER: C
Ahead: Introduction
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
11. Philadelphia created its first board of health in 1783 due to an outbreak of which of the
following?
A) Yellow fever
B) Cholera
C) Tuberculosis
D) Diphtheria
ANSWER: A
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
12. Which of the following diseases was totally eradicated by 1977 due to vaccinations?
A) Tuberculosis
B) Polio
C) Smallpox
D) Cholera
ANSWER: C
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
13. Who authored the 1850 report that became America’s roadmap for development of a public
health system?
A) Lemuel Shattuck
B) Edward Jenner
C) Edwin Chadwick
D) C.-E.A. Winslow
ANSWER: A
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
,Title: What Is Public Health?
14. Which of the following is an abstract concept that determines how each member of society is
allocated their fair share of collective burdens and benefits?
A) Class
B) Science
C) Race
D) Justice
ANSWER: D
Ahead: Characteristics of a Public Health Approach
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
15. Edwin Chadwick believed that disease was the cause of which of the following social ills?
A) Racism
B) Hunger
C) Poverty
D) Slavery
ANSWER: C
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
16. Smoke free laws, fluoridation of drinking water, and fortification of flour with folic acid are
examples of which type of public health intervention?
A) Addressing socio-economic factors
B) Changing the context to make the default decision the healthy decision
C) Long-lasting protective interventions
D) Clinical interventions
ANSWER: B
Ahead: Public Health as a System
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
,17. A hospital CEO advocating with local politicians to adopt clean indoor air laws is an
example of an activity in which “bucket” of prevention?
A) Increased use of evidence-based clinical services
B) Providing clinical services outside of the clinical setting
C) Implementing preventive interventions that reach whole populations
D) Primary prevention
ANSWER: C
Ahead: Characteristics of a Public Health Approach
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
18. Which of the following events had the greatest impact on crude death rates in the United
States in the 20th century?
A) World War II
B) The HIV/AIDS epidemic
C) The polio epidemics of the 1950s
D) The influenza pandemic of 1918–1919.
ANSWER: D
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
19. A health equity-based approach to improving COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in Black
and other disadvantaged communities is best exemplified by which of the following?
A) Engaging mass media to reach the whole population with vaccination messages
B) Engaging community leaders in disadvantaged communities to help deliver and reinforce the
vaccination messages
C) Assuring that vaccinations are made available free of charge
D) Assuring that Medicare and Medicaid provide full coverage without copay for COVID-19
hospitalizations
ANSWER: B
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
20. Which of the following could not be considered part of the broader public health system?
A) A professional sports franchise
,B) A community college
C) A state department of transportation
D) A community foundation
E) None of these is correct.
ANSWER: E
Ahead: Public Health as a System
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
21. Which of the following interventions is likely have the greatest impact to improve the health
of the population in the long run?
A) Individual counseling to improve diet and exercise
B) Treatment for everyone with high blood pressure
C) Universal safe and affordable housing for everyone
D) Smoke free laws
ANSWER: C
Ahead: The Value of Public Health
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
22. Which of the following factors in favor of taking a public health action are likely to result in
the greatest chances of success if the action is implemented?
A) Advocacy for a specific action by a single issue interest group
B) Evidence of efficacy and effectiveness of the action in many peer-reviewed articles
C) The success of the action in a single community
D) Anecdotal evidence of the success of the action
ANSWER: B
Ahead: Characteristics of a Public Health Approach
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
23. In public health, the “pump handle” is a metaphor for which of the following?
A) Discovering the cause of a public health problem
B) Convincing policymakers to take an action to protect the public health
C) Removing the source of a public health problem
D) Assuring a safe drinking water supply
, ANSWER: C
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
True/False
1. True or False? The cholera epidemic of 1854 disproportionately affected lower social classes
in London.
ANSWER: False
Ahead: A Brief History of Public Health in the United States
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
Matching
1. Match each Essential Service with its appropriate core function:
1. Assessment Core Function
2. Policy Development Core Function
3. Assurance Core Function
A. Investigate, diagnose and investigate health problems and hazards affecting the population.
B. Strengthen, support, and mobilize communities and partnerships.
C. Build and maintain a strong organizational infrastructure for public health.
ANSWER: 1-A, 2-B, 3-C
Ahead: Definitions of Public Health
Subject: Chapter 1
Title: What Is Public Health?
2. Match each person with his contribution to Public Health.
1. C.-E.A Winslow
2. John Snow
3. Edwin Chadwick
4. Edward Jenner
