NSG 533 Exam 3 Exam study guide COMPLETE
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: Business exams may require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts in a way that demonstrates their understanding of business principles.1.4. Preparing
for Business ExamsPreparing for business exams involves mastering both conceptual understanding and practical application. Students are encouraged to study theories and frameworks but
Practice questions for this set
Terms in this set (144)
Universal stages of Heart Failure (HF) - At-risk for HF
- Pre HF
- HF
- Advanced HF
, according to the universal definition, - do not have HF, but at risk
what is "at-risk for HF"? - no current or prior s/s
- no structural, functional, or biomarker evidence
supporting HF
according to the universal definition, - clinical syndrome
what is "HF" - current or prior s/s of HF
- caused by structural of functional cardiac
abnormality
- elevated natriuretic peptide levels
- evidence of pulmonary or systemic congestion
who is most at risk for HF black males and females; older women
two biggest causes of HF 1. ischemic heart disease (CAD)
2. HTN
calculate EF SV/LVEDV
synonym for inotropy contraction (HFrEF)
synonym for lusitropy relaxation (HFpEF)
two organizations for classification of 1. American Heart Assocation (A,B,C,D) - based on
HF structure
2. New York Heart Association (None, I, I, II, III, IV,
V) - based on physical activity limitations
how to distinguish cardiac cardiac dysfunction has structural abnormalities
dysfunction versus cardiac HF w/o symptoms
once a patient develops symptoms along with
structural abnormalities, they have HF
: Business exams may require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts in a way
that demonstrates their understanding of business principles.1.4. Preparing for Business ExamsPreparing for business exams involves mastering both conceptual understanding
and practical application. Students are encouraged to study theories and frameworks but
, compensatory mechanisms for HF 1. Hemodynamics (Frank Starling Law) - can give
inotropes as short term use to increase contractility
(long-term can cause mortality)
2. SNS activation (increase contractility,
tachycardia, vasoconstriction)
3. RAAS activation (angiotensin II binds to AT 1
Receptor - vasoconstriction)
two types of angiotensin II 1. circulating
2. tissue-derived
effects of circulating angiotensin II - causes vasoconstriction
on HF - increases secretion of ADH
- increase aldosterone secretion
- increases sodium reabsorption
are aldosterone levels high or low in 20x higher than normal
HF?
effects of aldosterone on HF - increases sodium and water reabsorption
- decreased potassium and magnesium
- decreased baroreceptor reflex
- sympathetic activation
list the comprehensive risk factors of - dyslipidemia
Coronary Artery Disease - genetic studies
- modifiable risk factors
- non-modifiable risk factors
- novel risk factors
: Business exams may require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts in a way that
demonstrates their understanding of business principles.1.4. Preparing for Business ExamsPreparing for business exams involves mastering both conceptual understanding and
practical application. Students are encouraged to study theories and frameworks but
EXAM Questions and Answers (Verified Answers)
(Latest Update 2026) UPDATE!!
Leave the first rating
Save
: Business exams may require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts in a way that demonstrates their understanding of business principles.1.4. Preparing
for Business ExamsPreparing for business exams involves mastering both conceptual understanding and practical application. Students are encouraged to study theories and frameworks but
Practice questions for this set
Terms in this set (144)
Universal stages of Heart Failure (HF) - At-risk for HF
- Pre HF
- HF
- Advanced HF
, according to the universal definition, - do not have HF, but at risk
what is "at-risk for HF"? - no current or prior s/s
- no structural, functional, or biomarker evidence
supporting HF
according to the universal definition, - clinical syndrome
what is "HF" - current or prior s/s of HF
- caused by structural of functional cardiac
abnormality
- elevated natriuretic peptide levels
- evidence of pulmonary or systemic congestion
who is most at risk for HF black males and females; older women
two biggest causes of HF 1. ischemic heart disease (CAD)
2. HTN
calculate EF SV/LVEDV
synonym for inotropy contraction (HFrEF)
synonym for lusitropy relaxation (HFpEF)
two organizations for classification of 1. American Heart Assocation (A,B,C,D) - based on
HF structure
2. New York Heart Association (None, I, I, II, III, IV,
V) - based on physical activity limitations
how to distinguish cardiac cardiac dysfunction has structural abnormalities
dysfunction versus cardiac HF w/o symptoms
once a patient develops symptoms along with
structural abnormalities, they have HF
: Business exams may require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts in a way
that demonstrates their understanding of business principles.1.4. Preparing for Business ExamsPreparing for business exams involves mastering both conceptual understanding
and practical application. Students are encouraged to study theories and frameworks but
, compensatory mechanisms for HF 1. Hemodynamics (Frank Starling Law) - can give
inotropes as short term use to increase contractility
(long-term can cause mortality)
2. SNS activation (increase contractility,
tachycardia, vasoconstriction)
3. RAAS activation (angiotensin II binds to AT 1
Receptor - vasoconstriction)
two types of angiotensin II 1. circulating
2. tissue-derived
effects of circulating angiotensin II - causes vasoconstriction
on HF - increases secretion of ADH
- increase aldosterone secretion
- increases sodium reabsorption
are aldosterone levels high or low in 20x higher than normal
HF?
effects of aldosterone on HF - increases sodium and water reabsorption
- decreased potassium and magnesium
- decreased baroreceptor reflex
- sympathetic activation
list the comprehensive risk factors of - dyslipidemia
Coronary Artery Disease - genetic studies
- modifiable risk factors
- non-modifiable risk factors
- novel risk factors
: Business exams may require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts in a way that
demonstrates their understanding of business principles.1.4. Preparing for Business ExamsPreparing for business exams involves mastering both conceptual understanding and
practical application. Students are encouraged to study theories and frameworks but
