Biol 1322 Nutrition Midterm Questions With Complete
Solutions
3 most common monosaccharides Correct Answers glucose,
fructose, galactose
3 types of lipids Correct Answers triglycerides, phospholipids,
sterols
ADMR Correct Answers *Acceptable Macronutrient
Distribution Range*
-carbs 45-65%
-fats 20-35%
-protein 10-35%
ADMR for protein Correct Answers 10-35% of daily calories
AI Correct Answers Adequate Intake -- used when insufficient
evidence exists for EAR, RDA
AMDR lipids(fats) Correct Answers 20-35%
AMDR of carbohydrates Correct Answers 45-65% of daily
calories
Amino Acid Correct Answers Building blocks of protein
Amylopectin Correct Answers a soluble polysaccharide and
highly-branched polymer of glucose found in plants as one of
the two components of starch (the other being amylose).
,Amylose Correct Answers a polysaccharide found in plants as
one of the two components of starch (making up approximately
20-30% of the structure).
Anabolism Correct Answers Metabolic pathways that construct
molecules, requiring energy.
anatomy of wheat kernel Correct Answers
Carbs
For each nutrient state: the chemical composition, amount of
energy provided, quantity category (macronutrient or
micronutrient), function in the body and good food source
Correct Answers Organic
4 kcal/g
macronutrient
provides energy
Catabolism Correct Answers Metabolic pathways that break
down molecules, releasing energy.
Chemical structure sugars Correct Answers C6H12O6
cis fatty acids vs. trans fatty acids Correct Answers cis -
hydrogens on same side of the double bond, U formation. most
are unsaturated acids
trans - hydrogens on opposite sides of double bond. linear
complete and incomplete proteins Correct Answers C. Contain
all essential amino acids. Eggs meat milk products.
, I. Lack one or more of essential aa. From vegetables. Can
combine to get all needed aa. (Corn and beans)
Define ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) Correct Answers a
common high-energy compound composed of 1 purine
(adenine), 1 sugar (ribose), and 3 phosphate groups.
ATP=A-P∼P∼P, with each ∼ denoting a "high-energy" bond.
Define calorie Correct Answers the energy needed to raise the
temperature of 1 gram of water through 1 °C
define conditionally esseential nutrients Correct Answers
nonessential nutrients become conditional when the body is not
synthesising enough to meet its needs.
Define energy Correct Answers the capacity to do work
Define energy density Correct Answers a measure of the
energy (calories) a food provides relative to the amount of food;
should eat more low energy-dense foods than high
Define essential nutrients Correct Answers substances the body
must get from food because it cannot manufacture them at all or
fast enough to meet its needs
Define kilocalorie Correct Answers 1000 calories or 1 calorie;
the amount of heat necessary to raise 1 kg of water 1 degree
Celsius
Solutions
3 most common monosaccharides Correct Answers glucose,
fructose, galactose
3 types of lipids Correct Answers triglycerides, phospholipids,
sterols
ADMR Correct Answers *Acceptable Macronutrient
Distribution Range*
-carbs 45-65%
-fats 20-35%
-protein 10-35%
ADMR for protein Correct Answers 10-35% of daily calories
AI Correct Answers Adequate Intake -- used when insufficient
evidence exists for EAR, RDA
AMDR lipids(fats) Correct Answers 20-35%
AMDR of carbohydrates Correct Answers 45-65% of daily
calories
Amino Acid Correct Answers Building blocks of protein
Amylopectin Correct Answers a soluble polysaccharide and
highly-branched polymer of glucose found in plants as one of
the two components of starch (the other being amylose).
,Amylose Correct Answers a polysaccharide found in plants as
one of the two components of starch (making up approximately
20-30% of the structure).
Anabolism Correct Answers Metabolic pathways that construct
molecules, requiring energy.
anatomy of wheat kernel Correct Answers
Carbs
For each nutrient state: the chemical composition, amount of
energy provided, quantity category (macronutrient or
micronutrient), function in the body and good food source
Correct Answers Organic
4 kcal/g
macronutrient
provides energy
Catabolism Correct Answers Metabolic pathways that break
down molecules, releasing energy.
Chemical structure sugars Correct Answers C6H12O6
cis fatty acids vs. trans fatty acids Correct Answers cis -
hydrogens on same side of the double bond, U formation. most
are unsaturated acids
trans - hydrogens on opposite sides of double bond. linear
complete and incomplete proteins Correct Answers C. Contain
all essential amino acids. Eggs meat milk products.
, I. Lack one or more of essential aa. From vegetables. Can
combine to get all needed aa. (Corn and beans)
Define ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) Correct Answers a
common high-energy compound composed of 1 purine
(adenine), 1 sugar (ribose), and 3 phosphate groups.
ATP=A-P∼P∼P, with each ∼ denoting a "high-energy" bond.
Define calorie Correct Answers the energy needed to raise the
temperature of 1 gram of water through 1 °C
define conditionally esseential nutrients Correct Answers
nonessential nutrients become conditional when the body is not
synthesising enough to meet its needs.
Define energy Correct Answers the capacity to do work
Define energy density Correct Answers a measure of the
energy (calories) a food provides relative to the amount of food;
should eat more low energy-dense foods than high
Define essential nutrients Correct Answers substances the body
must get from food because it cannot manufacture them at all or
fast enough to meet its needs
Define kilocalorie Correct Answers 1000 calories or 1 calorie;
the amount of heat necessary to raise 1 kg of water 1 degree
Celsius
