NR 228 NUTRITION EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE | NCLEX-STYLE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | PREGNANCY, INFANT FEEDING… EXAM
P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
NR 228 Nutrition Exam 2 Study Guide |
NCLEX-Style Questions & Answers |
Pregnancy, Infant Feeding, Diabetes,
CKD & Heart Health Nutrition |
2026/2027
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales
25 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This study guide offers 25 NCLEX-style questions with provided correct answers and detailed rationales,
focusing on critical nutrition topics. It serves as a comprehensive resource for reviewing key concepts in
pregnancy, infant feeding, diabetes, CKD, and heart health nutrition, ideal for students preparing for exams
or certification.
E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 25
A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client's fasting blood glucose is 135 mg/dL, and their
HbA1c is 7.8%. Which of the following dietary recommendations is MOST likely to help this client achieve their glycemic goals?
A) Increasing intake of refined sugars and fruit juices
B) Prioritizing whole grains, legumes, and non-starchy vegetables
C) Decreasing overall caloric intake without regard to food type
D) Consuming a diet high in saturated fats and low in carbohydrates
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Prioritizing whole grains, legumes, and non-starchy vegetables
RATIONALE
Complex carbohydrates provide sustained energy release, preventing rapid blood glucose spikes, which is critical for managing diabetes. Refined sugars, high fats, or
simply reducing calories without quality focus are inadequate or detrimental.
Page 1
, Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 25
A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for an older adult client experiencing fatigue and pallor. The client's serum ferritin is 8 mcg/L and their hemoglobin is
10.5 g/dL. The nurse should reinforce teaching regarding which nutritional strategy to enhance iron absorption?
A) Consuming dairy products with iron-rich foods.
B) Pairing iron-fortified cereals with citrus fruits.
C) Limiting protein intake when consuming iron supplements.
D) Adding calcium-rich vegetables to meals containing heme iron.
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Pairing iron-fortified cereals with citrus fruits.
RATIONALE
Vitamin C, found in citrus fruits, significantly enhances the absorption of non-heme iron from plant-based sources like fortified cereals. Conversely, dairy and calcium
can inhibit iron absorption.
Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 25
A nurse is reviewing nutritional teaching for a client diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The client asks about optimizing blood glucose control. Which
dietary recommendation is MOST aligned with maintaining stable glycemic levels between meals and overnight?
A) Consuming a large breakfast and a light dinner.
B) Implementing consistent meal and snack timing.
C) Dramatically increasing carbohydrate intake at each meal.
D) Limiting fluid intake to prevent glucose fluctuations.
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Implementing consistent meal and snack timing.
RATIONALE
Spacing meals and snacks evenly throughout the day helps prevent large postprandial glucose spikes and subsequent hypoglycemia between eating periods, thus
promoting stable glycemic control. This aligns with the principle of consistent energy and nutrient delivery to manage carbohydrate metabolism.
Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 25
A nurse is providing nutritional counseling to a client breastfeeding a 4-month-old infant. The client states, "I know I need to eat healthy, but I'm so tired
and overwhelmed." Which of the following dietary adjustments by the client best supports adequate lactation and maternal well-being?
A) Focus on consuming nutrient-dense foods, particularly lean proteins and whole grains, at each meal.
B) Increase intake of processed snacks and sugary beverages to combat fatigue.
C) Prioritize a reduced calorie intake to promote postpartum weight loss.
D) Eliminate dairy products to prevent potential infant sensitivities.
E) Decrease fluid intake to avoid frequent trips to the restroom.
CORRECT ANSWER
A) Focus on consuming nutrient-dense foods, particularly lean proteins and whole grains, at each meal.
RATIONALE
Adequate protein and complex carbohydrates are vital for sustained energy and milk production, while restricting calories or fluids can compromise lactation and
maternal health.
Page 2
P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
NR 228 Nutrition Exam 2 Study Guide |
NCLEX-Style Questions & Answers |
Pregnancy, Infant Feeding, Diabetes,
CKD & Heart Health Nutrition |
2026/2027
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales
25 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This study guide offers 25 NCLEX-style questions with provided correct answers and detailed rationales,
focusing on critical nutrition topics. It serves as a comprehensive resource for reviewing key concepts in
pregnancy, infant feeding, diabetes, CKD, and heart health nutrition, ideal for students preparing for exams
or certification.
E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 25
A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client's fasting blood glucose is 135 mg/dL, and their
HbA1c is 7.8%. Which of the following dietary recommendations is MOST likely to help this client achieve their glycemic goals?
A) Increasing intake of refined sugars and fruit juices
B) Prioritizing whole grains, legumes, and non-starchy vegetables
C) Decreasing overall caloric intake without regard to food type
D) Consuming a diet high in saturated fats and low in carbohydrates
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Prioritizing whole grains, legumes, and non-starchy vegetables
RATIONALE
Complex carbohydrates provide sustained energy release, preventing rapid blood glucose spikes, which is critical for managing diabetes. Refined sugars, high fats, or
simply reducing calories without quality focus are inadequate or detrimental.
Page 1
, Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 25
A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for an older adult client experiencing fatigue and pallor. The client's serum ferritin is 8 mcg/L and their hemoglobin is
10.5 g/dL. The nurse should reinforce teaching regarding which nutritional strategy to enhance iron absorption?
A) Consuming dairy products with iron-rich foods.
B) Pairing iron-fortified cereals with citrus fruits.
C) Limiting protein intake when consuming iron supplements.
D) Adding calcium-rich vegetables to meals containing heme iron.
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Pairing iron-fortified cereals with citrus fruits.
RATIONALE
Vitamin C, found in citrus fruits, significantly enhances the absorption of non-heme iron from plant-based sources like fortified cereals. Conversely, dairy and calcium
can inhibit iron absorption.
Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 25
A nurse is reviewing nutritional teaching for a client diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The client asks about optimizing blood glucose control. Which
dietary recommendation is MOST aligned with maintaining stable glycemic levels between meals and overnight?
A) Consuming a large breakfast and a light dinner.
B) Implementing consistent meal and snack timing.
C) Dramatically increasing carbohydrate intake at each meal.
D) Limiting fluid intake to prevent glucose fluctuations.
CORRECT ANSWER
B) Implementing consistent meal and snack timing.
RATIONALE
Spacing meals and snacks evenly throughout the day helps prevent large postprandial glucose spikes and subsequent hypoglycemia between eating periods, thus
promoting stable glycemic control. This aligns with the principle of consistent energy and nutrient delivery to manage carbohydrate metabolism.
Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 25
A nurse is providing nutritional counseling to a client breastfeeding a 4-month-old infant. The client states, "I know I need to eat healthy, but I'm so tired
and overwhelmed." Which of the following dietary adjustments by the client best supports adequate lactation and maternal well-being?
A) Focus on consuming nutrient-dense foods, particularly lean proteins and whole grains, at each meal.
B) Increase intake of processed snacks and sugary beverages to combat fatigue.
C) Prioritize a reduced calorie intake to promote postpartum weight loss.
D) Eliminate dairy products to prevent potential infant sensitivities.
E) Decrease fluid intake to avoid frequent trips to the restroom.
CORRECT ANSWER
A) Focus on consuming nutrient-dense foods, particularly lean proteins and whole grains, at each meal.
RATIONALE
Adequate protein and complex carbohydrates are vital for sustained energy and milk production, while restricting calories or fluids can compromise lactation and
maternal health.
Page 2
