Saunders Medical Surgical Nursing Endocrine Review Study Guide Updated Latest 2026–2027 Endocrine Disorders Medical Surgical Nursing NCLEX RN HESI ATI Exam Questions with Verified Answers for BSN RN ADN LPN Nursing Students and Instructors.

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SaundersjlMedsurgjlEndocrine
1.jljlThe home health nurse visits a client with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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The client relates ahistory of vomiting and diarrhea and tells the nurse that no food
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has been consumed for the last 24 hours. Which additional statement by the client
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indicates a need for further teaching? FY FY FY FY FY




1. "I need to stop my insulin."
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2. "I need to increase my fluid intake."
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3. "I need to monitor my blood glucose every 3 to 4 hours."
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4. "I need to call the health care provider (HCP) because of these symptoms."
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Answer:
1. "I need to stop my insulin."
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Rationale:
When a client with diabetes mellitus is unable to eat normally because of illness, the
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client still should take the prescribed insulin or oral medication. The client should
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consume additional fluids and should notify the HCP. The client should monitor the
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blood glucose level every 3 to 4 hours. The client should also monitor the urine for
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ketones during illness. FY FY




2. The nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a diagnosis of
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hyperthyroidism. Whichassessment finding should the nurse expect to note in this FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY




client?
1. Dry skin FY

,2. Bulging eyeballs FY




3. Periorbital edema FY




4. Coarse facial features FY FY




Answer:
2. Bulging eyeballs
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Rationale:
Hyperthyroidism is clinically manifested by goiter (increase in the size of the thyroid FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY




gland) and exophthalmos (bulging eyeballs). Other clinical manifestations include
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nervousness, fatigue, weight loss,muscle cramps, and heat intolerance. Additional
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signs found in this disorder include tachycardia; shortness of breath; excessive
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sweating; fine muscle tremors; thin, silky hair and thin skin; infrequent blinking; and
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a staring appearance.
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3. The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with uncontrolled type 1
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diabetes mellitus. In the event that diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) does occur, the nurse
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anticipates that which medication wouldmost likely be prescribed?
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1. Glucagon

2. Glyburide

3. Regular insulin FY




4. Neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin
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Answer:
3. Regular insulin
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, Rationale:
Giving regular insulin by the intravenous route is the treatment of choice for DKA. A
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short-acting insulinis the only insulin that can be given intravenously because it can FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY




be titrated to the client's blood glucoselevels. Glucagon is used to treat hypoglycemia
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because it increases blood glucose levels, and glyburide isan oral hypoglycemic agent
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used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus; both agents are inappropriate. NPH insulin is
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an intermediate-acting insulin and therefore is not appropriate for treatment of DKA.
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4. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the hospital with diabetic
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ketoacidosis and a serum glucose level of 789 mg/dL (45 mmol/L). The health care FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY




provider (HCP) prescribes 10 units of regular insulin by intravenous (IV) bolus,
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followed by a continuous insulin infusion at a rate of 5 units/hr.The pharmacy sends
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500 mL of normal saline solution containing 50 units of regular insulin. After
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administering the IV bolus of 10 units of regular insulin, the nurse sets the infusion FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY




pump flow rate of thenormal saline solution containing 50 units of regular insulin to
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infuse at how many milliliters per hour to deliver 5 units/hr? Fill in the blank.
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Answer:
50 mL FY




Formula:
H (on hand):
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V(vehicle)::(desired dose):X
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(unknown)50 units:500 mL::5 FY FY FY FY




units:X