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Exam (elaborations)

IV Fluids and Solutions Guide & Cheat Sheet update 2026

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10-07-2026
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IV Fluids and Solutions Guide & Cheat Sheet

Institution
Nursing Pharmacology
Course
Nursing pharmacology

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GetBtoBknowBtheBdifferentBtypesBofBintravenousBsolutionsBorBIVBfluidsBinBthisBguideBa
ndBcheatBsheet.BDifferentiateBisotonic,Bhypertonic,BandBhypotonicBIVBsolutionsBandBthe
BnursingBinterventionsBandBmanagementBforBeach.B

WhatBareBIVBFluids?

IntravenousBfluidsB(IVBFluids),BalsoBknownBasBintravenousBsolutions,BareBsupplemental
BfluidsBusedBinBintravenousBtherapyBtoBrestoreBorBmaintainBnormalBfluidBvolumeBandB
electrolyteBbalanceBwhenBtheBoralBrouteBisBnotBpossible.BIVBfluidBtherapyBisBanBefficie
ntBandBeffectiveBwayBofBsupplyingBfluidsBdirectlyBintoBtheBintravascularBfluidBcompartm
ent,BinBreplacingBelectrolyteBlosses,BandBinBadministeringBmedicationsBandBbloodBprod
ucts.B

TypesBofBIVBFluids

ThereBareBdifferentBtypesBofBIVBfluidsBandBdifferentBwaysBonBhowBtoBclassifyBthem.B

MedicalProcedures

TheBmostBcommonBwayBtoBcategorizeBIVBfluidsBisBbasedBonBtheirBtonicity:

• Isotonic.BIsotonicBIVBsolutionsBthatBhaveBtheBsameBconcentrationBofBsolutesBasB
bloodBplasma.

• Hypotonic.BHypotonicBsolutionsBhaveBlesserBconcentrationBofBsolutesBthanBplas
ma.

, • Hypertonic.BHypertonicBsolutionsBhaveBgreaterBconcentrationBofBsolutesBthanBpl
asma.

IVBsolutionsBcanBalsoBbeBclassifiedBbasedBonBtheirBpurpose:

• NutrientBsolutions.BMayBcontainBdextrose,Bglucose,BandBlevuloseBtoBmakeBupBt
heBcarbohydrateBcomponentB–
BandBwater.BWaterBisBsuppliedBforBfluidBrequirementsBandBcarbohydrateBforBcal
oriesBandBenergy.BNutrientBsolutionsBareBusefulBinBpreventingBdehydrationBandB
ketosis.BExamplesBofBnutrientBsolutionsBincludeBD5W,BD5NSS.

• ElectrolyteBsolutions.BContainsBvaryingBamountsBofBcationsBandBanionsBthatBare
BusedBtoBreplaceBfluidBandBelectrolytesBforBclientsBwithBcontinuingBlosses.BExam
plesBofBelectrolyteBsolutionsBincludeB0.9BNaCl,BRinger’sBSolution,BandBLRS.

• AlkalinizingBsolutions.BAreBadministeredBtoBtreatBmetabolicBacidosis.BExamples:B
LRS.

• AcidifyingBsolutions.BAreBusedBtoBcounteractBmetabolicBalkalosis.BD51/2NS,B0.9B
NaCl.

• VolumeBexpanders.BAreBsolutionsBusedBtoBincreaseBtheBbloodBvolumeBafterBaBs
evereBbloodBloss,BorBlossBofBplasma.BExamplesBofBvolumeBexpandersBareBdextra
n,BhumanBalbumin,BandBplasma.

Crystalloids

CrystalloidBIVBsolutionsBcontainBsmallBmoleculesBthatBflowBeasilyBacrossBsemipermeabl
eBmembranes.BTheyBareBcategorizedBaccordingBtoBtheirBrelativeBtonicityBinBrelationBtoB
plasma.BThereBareBthreeBtypes:Bisotonic,Bhypotonic,BandBhypertonic.

IsotonicBIVBFluids

MostBIVBfluidsBareBisotonic,Bmeaning,BtheyBhaveBtheBsameBconcentrationBofBsolutesBa
sBbloodBplasma.BWhenBinfused,BisotonicBsolutionsBexpandBbothBtheBintracellularBfluidB
andBextracellularBfluidBspaces,Bequally.BSuchBfluidsBdoBnotBalterBtheBosmolalityBofBthe
BvascularBcompartment.BTechnically,BelectrolyteBsolutionsBareBconsideredBisotonicBifBthe
BtotalBelectrolyteBcontentBisBapproximatelyB310BmEq/L.BIsotonicBIVBfluidsBhaveBaBtotal
BosmolalityBcloseBtoBthatBofBtheBECFBandBdoBnotBcauseBredBbloodBcellsBtoBshrinkBorB
swell.B

MedicalProcedures
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Institution
Nursing pharmacology
Course
Nursing pharmacology

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Uploaded on
July 10, 2026
Number of pages
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Written in
2025/2026
Type
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