Final Exam
Study Guide
Questions and
Answers
Updated 2026
DefineBMacroeconomics:B-
BAnswerBrefersBtoBaBperspectiveBthatBlooksBatBtheBeconomicBsystemBfromBaBhighBvant
ageBpoint
DefineBMicroeconomics:B-
BAnswerBstudiesBhowBpeopleBandBbusinessesBactBwithinBgivenBeconomicBconditions.
ListB2BsimilaritiesBbetweenBMacroeconomicsBandBMicroeconomics:
ListB2Bdifferences:B-
BAnswerBSimilarities:BABfieldBofBstudyBinBeconomicsBandBConsidersBgrossBdomesticBpro
ductB(GDP)
Differences:BMicroeconomicsBconsidersBhowBpricesBaffectBindividualBbuyersBandBsellersB
andBMacroeconomicsBconsidersBemploymentBrates
WhyBisBbusinessBeconomicsBanBimportantBfieldBofBstudy?B-
BAnswerBIt'sBtheBsocialBscienceBthatBstudiesBhowBpeopleBandBsocietiesBmakeBdecisions
BtoBgetBtheBmostBoutBofBtheirBlimitedBresources.BEconomicsBstudiesBtheBproduction,Bd
istribution,BandBconsumptionBofBgoodsBandBservices.
WhatBisBtheBdifferenceBbetweenBopportunityBcostsBandBtradeoffs?B-BAnswerBTrade-
offBisBwhatByouBgiveBupBbyBchoosingBoneBalternativeBoverBanother
, OpportunityBcostBisBtheBvalueBofBtheBnextBbestBalternative
ShalaBneedsBtoBimproveBherBgradeBinBhistory.BSheBhasBaBtestBtomorrowBandBsheBisBn
otBprepared.BWhenBsheBgetsBhomeBfromBschool,BherBauntBcallsBtoBaskBherBtoBbabysit
BthatBeveningBforBfourBhours.BTheBjobBwouldBpayB$10BanBhour,BmoneyBthatBsheBcoul
dBreallyBuseBtoBbuyBaBCDBsheBhasBwantedBforBsomeBtime.BHowever,BherBcousinsBareB
aBhandful,BandBitBisBhighlyBunlikelyBthatBsheBwouldBhaveBanBopportunityBtoBstudyBlike
BsheBwouldBatBhome.BSheBdecidesBtoBstayBhomeBandBstudy.BInBthisBscenario,BwhatBis
BtheBtrade-offBShalaBmade?BWhatBisBShala'sBopportunityBcostBforBthisBdecision?B-
BAnswerBSheBgaveBupBmoneyBandBaBnewBCDBinBorderBtoBgetBaBbetterBgradeBisBhistor
y.BHerBopportunityBcostBwasBnotBgettingBtheBmoneyBforBtheBCDBandBgettingBaBbetterB
gradeBonBherBtest.
WhatBisButility?BProvideBanBexample.B-
BAnswerBtheBstateBofBbeingBuseful,Bprofitable,BorBbeneficial.
(vendingBmachineBdiscussion)
WhatBisBmarginalButility?BProvideBanBexample.B-
BAnswerBtheBbenefitBthatBoneBmoreBinstanceBofBanBitemBwillBgiveBusB(whenBconsume
dBinBaBcertainBtimeBperiod)BandBthereforeBwhatBwe'reBwillingBtoBpayBforBit
(satisfaction)
WhatBisBdiminishingBmarginalButility?BProvideBanBexample.B-
BAnswerBTheBdeclineBinBtheBbenefitBthatBeachBadditionalBinstanceBofBanBitemBbringsB
whenBconsumed
(PayingBforBaBgatoradeBafterBpractice,ByouBwouldBwantBtoBpayBlessBandBlessBeveryBtim
eByouBpayBforBaBnewBone)
WhatBareB5BfactorsBofBproduction?B-
BAnswerBLand,BLabor,BCapital,BEntrepreneurship,BandBKnowledge
HowBisBeachBfactorBusedBinBorderBtoBmakeBaBproduct?B-
BAnswerBLand:BWhereBtheBproductBisBmadeBandBwhereBtheBnaturalBresourcesBareBtoB
makeBit