EXAM 3 FAD3220: CHAPTER 8 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
Physical appearance & women in middle adulthood. - CORRECT ANSWER -Western cultures-
-
> highly value youthful appearance. Societal pressures to retain youthful look. Double stand
ard: older women tend to be viewed in unflattering terms, whereas older mean frequently
seen as attractively "mature."
Lifestyle choices in midlife - CORRECT ANSWER -
Can have a major impact on people's physical, & even cognitive, fitness, in midlife.
Self-concept in midlife - CORRECT ANSWER -
People's emotional reactions to midlife's physical changes depend in part on self-concepts
-when self-
image is tied closely to one's physical attributes/attractiveness, middle adulthood can be pa
rticularly difficult.
height in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
Most reach max height in 20s, remain close to that height till ~55 (where "settling" process
in bones attached to spinal column become less dense.
Height loss in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -although loss of height is slow:
-women avg. a 2-inch decline
-men avg. 1-inch decline over rest of life span
osteoporosis in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
women more prone to height decline bc of osteoporosis--
condition where bones become brittle, fragile, thin, often caused by lack of calcium in the
diet
,-
although has genetic component, osteoporosis = one aspect of aging that can be affected b
y lifestyle
Reducing Osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER -
women & men can reduce risk by eating calcium-rich diet & by exercising reg.
weight in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
body fat tends to incr. bc height may be declining, gains incr. incidence of obesity
strength in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
gradually decreases, mainly in back & leg muscles
by 60, people avg. 10% loss of their max. strength
Vision in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
so common that reading glasses = stereotypical emblem of middle age
starting @ 40, visual acuity begins to decline
shape of eye's lens changes + elasticity deteriorates, makes it harder to focus images sharpl
y onto retina
lens becomes less transparent, so less light passes through the eye
visual acuity - CORRECT ANSWER -
the ability to discern fine spatial detail in both close and distant objects
presbyopia - CORRECT ANSWER -
a nearly universal change in eyesight during middle adulthood that results in some loss of
near vision
,glaucoma - CORRECT ANSWER -
condition in which pressure in the fluid of the eye increases, either bc fluid cannot drain pr
operly or bc too much fluid is produced
Other vision changes in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
depth perception, distance perception, & the ability to see in 3D all decline
loss of rods (receptors in eyes) & a decr. in lens transparency impairs ability to adapt to da
rkness
Hearing in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
declines in acuity, changes tend to be less evident than affected vision
enviro. factors cause some hearing loss--ppl who work near loud noises
Aging affects on hearing in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
age brings loss of cilia, hair cells in inner ear, which transmit neural messages to brain whe
n vibrations bend them
eardrum becomes less elastic w/ age, reducing sensitivity to sound
presbycusis - CORRECT ANSWER -age-related hearing loss-
loss of ability to hear sounds of high frequency
ability to hear high-pitched, high-frequency sounds degrades
about 12% ages 45-65 suffer
Who is more prone to hearing loss? (middle adulthood) - CORRECT ANSWER -
Men, starting around age 55
Is hearing loss a hallmark to middle adulthood? - CORRECT ANSWER -
No, b/c declines in hearing do not markedly affect middle age, many compensate for losses
by
, 1- asking people to speak up
2- turning up volume
3- paying closer attention
Female climacteric - CORRECT ANSWER -
period that marks the transition from being able to bear children to being unable to do so
-begins around 45, lasts 15-20 years
-menopause
Menopause overview - CORRECT ANSWER --
cessation of menstruation, periods begin to occur irregularly/less frequently during 2-
year period around 47/48 y/o, but may begin as early as 40 or late as 60
-
marks end of a woman's *natural* fertility (eggs implanted postmenopausal actually can pr
oduce pregnancy)
When is menopause completed? - CORRECT ANSWER --
woman passes a year w/o her period
Menopause symptoms/what happens to the body? - CORRECT ANSWER --
estrogen & progesterone levels (female sex hormones) begin to drop
-"hot flash", headaches, dizziness, heart palpitations, aching joints
Menopause symptom statistics - CORRECT ANSWER -Most prevalent symptom = hot flashes
in 1 survey: only 50% reported hot flashes, 10% experienced severe distress
As many as half of women have no significant symptoms at all
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
Physical appearance & women in middle adulthood. - CORRECT ANSWER -Western cultures-
-
> highly value youthful appearance. Societal pressures to retain youthful look. Double stand
ard: older women tend to be viewed in unflattering terms, whereas older mean frequently
seen as attractively "mature."
Lifestyle choices in midlife - CORRECT ANSWER -
Can have a major impact on people's physical, & even cognitive, fitness, in midlife.
Self-concept in midlife - CORRECT ANSWER -
People's emotional reactions to midlife's physical changes depend in part on self-concepts
-when self-
image is tied closely to one's physical attributes/attractiveness, middle adulthood can be pa
rticularly difficult.
height in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
Most reach max height in 20s, remain close to that height till ~55 (where "settling" process
in bones attached to spinal column become less dense.
Height loss in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -although loss of height is slow:
-women avg. a 2-inch decline
-men avg. 1-inch decline over rest of life span
osteoporosis in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
women more prone to height decline bc of osteoporosis--
condition where bones become brittle, fragile, thin, often caused by lack of calcium in the
diet
,-
although has genetic component, osteoporosis = one aspect of aging that can be affected b
y lifestyle
Reducing Osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER -
women & men can reduce risk by eating calcium-rich diet & by exercising reg.
weight in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
body fat tends to incr. bc height may be declining, gains incr. incidence of obesity
strength in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
gradually decreases, mainly in back & leg muscles
by 60, people avg. 10% loss of their max. strength
Vision in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
so common that reading glasses = stereotypical emblem of middle age
starting @ 40, visual acuity begins to decline
shape of eye's lens changes + elasticity deteriorates, makes it harder to focus images sharpl
y onto retina
lens becomes less transparent, so less light passes through the eye
visual acuity - CORRECT ANSWER -
the ability to discern fine spatial detail in both close and distant objects
presbyopia - CORRECT ANSWER -
a nearly universal change in eyesight during middle adulthood that results in some loss of
near vision
,glaucoma - CORRECT ANSWER -
condition in which pressure in the fluid of the eye increases, either bc fluid cannot drain pr
operly or bc too much fluid is produced
Other vision changes in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
depth perception, distance perception, & the ability to see in 3D all decline
loss of rods (receptors in eyes) & a decr. in lens transparency impairs ability to adapt to da
rkness
Hearing in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
declines in acuity, changes tend to be less evident than affected vision
enviro. factors cause some hearing loss--ppl who work near loud noises
Aging affects on hearing in middle adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER -
age brings loss of cilia, hair cells in inner ear, which transmit neural messages to brain whe
n vibrations bend them
eardrum becomes less elastic w/ age, reducing sensitivity to sound
presbycusis - CORRECT ANSWER -age-related hearing loss-
loss of ability to hear sounds of high frequency
ability to hear high-pitched, high-frequency sounds degrades
about 12% ages 45-65 suffer
Who is more prone to hearing loss? (middle adulthood) - CORRECT ANSWER -
Men, starting around age 55
Is hearing loss a hallmark to middle adulthood? - CORRECT ANSWER -
No, b/c declines in hearing do not markedly affect middle age, many compensate for losses
by
, 1- asking people to speak up
2- turning up volume
3- paying closer attention
Female climacteric - CORRECT ANSWER -
period that marks the transition from being able to bear children to being unable to do so
-begins around 45, lasts 15-20 years
-menopause
Menopause overview - CORRECT ANSWER --
cessation of menstruation, periods begin to occur irregularly/less frequently during 2-
year period around 47/48 y/o, but may begin as early as 40 or late as 60
-
marks end of a woman's *natural* fertility (eggs implanted postmenopausal actually can pr
oduce pregnancy)
When is menopause completed? - CORRECT ANSWER --
woman passes a year w/o her period
Menopause symptoms/what happens to the body? - CORRECT ANSWER --
estrogen & progesterone levels (female sex hormones) begin to drop
-"hot flash", headaches, dizziness, heart palpitations, aching joints
Menopause symptom statistics - CORRECT ANSWER -Most prevalent symptom = hot flashes
in 1 survey: only 50% reported hot flashes, 10% experienced severe distress
As many as half of women have no significant symptoms at all
