D265 Exam Questions with Correct Answers
Principle of Charity
we should choose the reconstructed argument that gives the benefit of the doubt to the person
presenting the argument
confirmation bias
a tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort
contradictory evidence
Alief
An automatic or habitual belief-like attitude which may or may not be in tension with the
subject's explicit beliefs
Heuristic
a simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems
efficiently; usually speedier but also more error-prone than algorithms
anchoring bias
a tendency to fixate on initial information, from which one then fails to adequately adjust for
subsequent information
availability bias
items that are more readily available in memory are judged as having occurred more
frequently
ad hominem
a fallacy that attacks the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute
Principle of Charity
we should choose the reconstructed argument that gives the benefit of the doubt to the person
presenting the argument
confirmation bias
a tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort
contradictory evidence
Alief
An automatic or habitual belief-like attitude which may or may not be in tension with the
subject's explicit beliefs
Heuristic
a simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems
efficiently; usually speedier but also more error-prone than algorithms
anchoring bias
a tendency to fixate on initial information, from which one then fails to adequately adjust for
subsequent information
availability bias
items that are more readily available in memory are judged as having occurred more
frequently
ad hominem
a fallacy that attacks the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute
