BI 121 Exam 1 Questions with 100% Correct
Answers
Four Characteristics of Living Things
-Living organisms are complex
-Able to change in response to environment
-Able to reproduce
-Having the capacity to evolve
Cell
The simplest self-replicating entity that can exist as an independent unit of life
Nucleus
The control center of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and
reproduction
Three Essential Features of All Cells
1. Store and Transmit information
2. Plasma Membrane
3. Harness energy from environment
Store and Transmit Information
Through DNA and the central dogma
Central Dogma
DNA -> RNA (through transcription)-> Protein (through translation)
Plasma Membrane
,The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier, thereby regulating
the cell's chemical composition.
Harness Energy
Through either photosynthesis or the breakdown of chemical compounds
Three Domains of Life
Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Element
Fundamental substance that combine to make up the materials of nature
The Four Most Abundant Elements in the Human Body
Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Nitrogen (N)
Atom
The basic unit of matter that contains a nucleus made up of protons and neutrons and cannot
be broken down by chemical reactions
Structure of an Atom
Nucleus holds protons and neutrons, and electrons move around the nucleus
Subatomic Particles
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons that make up an atom
Proton
, A subatomic particle that has a positive charge, that is found in the nucleus of an atom, and
gives the atom mass
Neutron
A subatomic particle that has no charge, that is found in the nucleus of an atom, and that
gives the atom mass
Electron
A subatomic particle that has a negative charge, is outside the nucleus, and has gives no
significant mass to the atom
Atomic Number
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic Mass
Number of protons and neutrons
Isotope
Atoms of the same element (ie have the same atomic number) that have different numbers of
neutrons and therefore a different atomic mass
Ion
An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge
Electron Orbitals
The region in space where an electron is present most of the time
Electron Shells
An energy level representing the distance of an electron from the nucleus of an atom.
Answers
Four Characteristics of Living Things
-Living organisms are complex
-Able to change in response to environment
-Able to reproduce
-Having the capacity to evolve
Cell
The simplest self-replicating entity that can exist as an independent unit of life
Nucleus
The control center of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and
reproduction
Three Essential Features of All Cells
1. Store and Transmit information
2. Plasma Membrane
3. Harness energy from environment
Store and Transmit Information
Through DNA and the central dogma
Central Dogma
DNA -> RNA (through transcription)-> Protein (through translation)
Plasma Membrane
,The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier, thereby regulating
the cell's chemical composition.
Harness Energy
Through either photosynthesis or the breakdown of chemical compounds
Three Domains of Life
Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Element
Fundamental substance that combine to make up the materials of nature
The Four Most Abundant Elements in the Human Body
Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Nitrogen (N)
Atom
The basic unit of matter that contains a nucleus made up of protons and neutrons and cannot
be broken down by chemical reactions
Structure of an Atom
Nucleus holds protons and neutrons, and electrons move around the nucleus
Subatomic Particles
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons that make up an atom
Proton
, A subatomic particle that has a positive charge, that is found in the nucleus of an atom, and
gives the atom mass
Neutron
A subatomic particle that has no charge, that is found in the nucleus of an atom, and that
gives the atom mass
Electron
A subatomic particle that has a negative charge, is outside the nucleus, and has gives no
significant mass to the atom
Atomic Number
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic Mass
Number of protons and neutrons
Isotope
Atoms of the same element (ie have the same atomic number) that have different numbers of
neutrons and therefore a different atomic mass
Ion
An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge
Electron Orbitals
The region in space where an electron is present most of the time
Electron Shells
An energy level representing the distance of an electron from the nucleus of an atom.
