Pharmacology qbank Urology UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Question: In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), regardless of race or diabetes status, the initial
recommended therapy for hypertension to improve kidney outcomes is
Correct Answer: aldosterone antagonists. angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. beta-blockers.
calcium channel blockers.: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
Question: A 48-year-old patient with diabetes, hypertension, and renal insufficiency is taking an
angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB). ARBs act by
Correct Answer: blocking the receptor sites of angiotensinogen in the liver. blocking the angiotensin I
receptors in the cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. inhibiting the binding of angiotensin II to angiotensin I
receptor sites on vascular smooth muscles. inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II,
blocking the renin-angiotensin system.: inhibiting the binding of angiotensin II to angiotensin I receptor
sites on vascular smooth muscles.
Question: Fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin (Cipro), are a preferred choice in the treatment of acute
pyelonephritis because they
Correct Answer: have daily dosing regimens. are less likely to result in antimicrobial resistance. are
effective in 3-day treatment regimens. produce high concentrations in the renal medulla.: produce high
concentrations in the renal medulla.
Question: Patients receiving thiazide diuretics should be monitored for hypokalemia and
Correct Answer: hyperuricemia. hypermagnesemia. hypernatremia. hypocalcemia.: hyperuricemia.
Question: Extreme caution should be exercised when administering imipramine (Tofranil) to a child with
Correct Answer: ataxia. enuresis. hypothyroidism. epilepsy.: epilepsy. imipramine shown to lower seizure
threshold
Question: In the treatment of urge incontinence, anticholinergics relax smooth muscles in the bladder by
Correct Answer: blocking alpha adrenergic receptors. interfering with the release of potassium. inhibiting
muscarinic activity of acetylcholine. interfering with the release of calcium.: inhibiting muscarinic activity
of acetylcholine.
Question: Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) used in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis should be avoided in
patients with
Correct Answer: attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. bradycardia. diabetes. hyponatremia.:
hyponatremia.
Question: Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP), used to treat nocturnal enuresis,
Correct Answer: decreases peripheral vascular resistance and urinary output. decreases water permeability
of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting duct cells in the kidneys. increases sodium absorption across
the ascending loop of Henle and decreases permeability of urea and osmolality. increases water
reabsorption in the renal collecting ducts and results in an increased urine osmolality.: increases water
reabsorption in the renal collecting ducts and results in an increased urine osmolality.
Question: In the case of non-gonococcal urethritis, the patient should be treated with
, Correct Answer: azithromycin (Zithromax) 1 gram orally. ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 250 mg orally.
azithromycin (Zithromax) 1 gram orally plus ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 250 mg intramuscularly. azithromycin
(Zithromax) 1 gram orally plus doxycycline (Doryx) 100 mg.: - azithromycin (Zithromax) 1 gram orally. in
a single dose OR doxycycline 100 mg PO BID for 7 days
Question: Which of the following medications is NOT recommended in the treatment of acute
pyelonephritis? Fluoroquinolones Cephalosporins Nitrofurantoin Sulfonamides
Correct Answer: Nitrofurantoin poor tissue concentrations in t he renal parenchyma
Question: When using ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs), the patient
should be monitored for
Correct Answer: anorexia and vomiting. blurred vision and urinary retention. tendinitis and tendon
rupture. QT prolongation and bradycardia.: tendinitis and tendon rupture.
Question: Patients receiving oxybutynin (Ditropan) should be advised to
Correct Answer: avoid taking the medication with grapefruit juice. always take the medication on an
empty stomach with a full glass of water. drink plenty of water and avoid overheating. take the medication
with cranberry juice.: drink plenty of water and avoid overheating. Ditropan XL can increase perspiration,
which will put people at increased risk heat stroke
Question: An adverse reaction associated with loop diuretics is
Correct Answer: urinary frequency. hyponatremia. hypokalemia. hypotension.: hypokalemia.
Question: A 23-year-old patient with an uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) is allergic to
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim). This patient should be treated with
Correct Answer: Cipro. Bactrim DS. SMX-TMP DS. Septra.: Cipro.
Question: Patients receiving imipramine (Tofranil) for the treatment of nocturnal enuresis should be
advised to
Correct Answer: take the medication 1 hour before meals. use sunscreen when outdoors. avoid grapefruit.
take the medication on an empty stomach.: use sunscreen when outdoors.
Question: The brand name of imipramine, used in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis, is
Correct Answer: Anafranil. Elavil. Imitrex. Tofranil.: Tofranil.
Question: The drug of choice for blood pressure control in patients with renal insufficiency is
Correct Answer: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. beta-blockers. calcium channel blockers. loop
diuretics.: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
Question: Antiandrogenic agents such as finasteride (Proscar)
Correct Answer: reduce prostate-specific antigen levels. decrease the risk of developing high-grade
prostate cancer. do not have an effect on acute urinary retention. reduces the motility, concentration and
morphology of semen.: reduce prostate-specific antigen levels.
Question: In addition to lifestyle changes, which medication is most appropriate in the treatment of urge
incontinence? Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) Flavoxate (Urispas). Solifenacin (Vesicare) Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Correct Answer: Solifenacin (Vesicare) flomax = overflow incontinence
Question: In the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs), sulfa agents
CORRECT Answers
Question: In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), regardless of race or diabetes status, the initial
recommended therapy for hypertension to improve kidney outcomes is
Correct Answer: aldosterone antagonists. angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. beta-blockers.
calcium channel blockers.: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
Question: A 48-year-old patient with diabetes, hypertension, and renal insufficiency is taking an
angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB). ARBs act by
Correct Answer: blocking the receptor sites of angiotensinogen in the liver. blocking the angiotensin I
receptors in the cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. inhibiting the binding of angiotensin II to angiotensin I
receptor sites on vascular smooth muscles. inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II,
blocking the renin-angiotensin system.: inhibiting the binding of angiotensin II to angiotensin I receptor
sites on vascular smooth muscles.
Question: Fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin (Cipro), are a preferred choice in the treatment of acute
pyelonephritis because they
Correct Answer: have daily dosing regimens. are less likely to result in antimicrobial resistance. are
effective in 3-day treatment regimens. produce high concentrations in the renal medulla.: produce high
concentrations in the renal medulla.
Question: Patients receiving thiazide diuretics should be monitored for hypokalemia and
Correct Answer: hyperuricemia. hypermagnesemia. hypernatremia. hypocalcemia.: hyperuricemia.
Question: Extreme caution should be exercised when administering imipramine (Tofranil) to a child with
Correct Answer: ataxia. enuresis. hypothyroidism. epilepsy.: epilepsy. imipramine shown to lower seizure
threshold
Question: In the treatment of urge incontinence, anticholinergics relax smooth muscles in the bladder by
Correct Answer: blocking alpha adrenergic receptors. interfering with the release of potassium. inhibiting
muscarinic activity of acetylcholine. interfering with the release of calcium.: inhibiting muscarinic activity
of acetylcholine.
Question: Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) used in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis should be avoided in
patients with
Correct Answer: attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. bradycardia. diabetes. hyponatremia.:
hyponatremia.
Question: Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP), used to treat nocturnal enuresis,
Correct Answer: decreases peripheral vascular resistance and urinary output. decreases water permeability
of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting duct cells in the kidneys. increases sodium absorption across
the ascending loop of Henle and decreases permeability of urea and osmolality. increases water
reabsorption in the renal collecting ducts and results in an increased urine osmolality.: increases water
reabsorption in the renal collecting ducts and results in an increased urine osmolality.
Question: In the case of non-gonococcal urethritis, the patient should be treated with
, Correct Answer: azithromycin (Zithromax) 1 gram orally. ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 250 mg orally.
azithromycin (Zithromax) 1 gram orally plus ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 250 mg intramuscularly. azithromycin
(Zithromax) 1 gram orally plus doxycycline (Doryx) 100 mg.: - azithromycin (Zithromax) 1 gram orally. in
a single dose OR doxycycline 100 mg PO BID for 7 days
Question: Which of the following medications is NOT recommended in the treatment of acute
pyelonephritis? Fluoroquinolones Cephalosporins Nitrofurantoin Sulfonamides
Correct Answer: Nitrofurantoin poor tissue concentrations in t he renal parenchyma
Question: When using ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs), the patient
should be monitored for
Correct Answer: anorexia and vomiting. blurred vision and urinary retention. tendinitis and tendon
rupture. QT prolongation and bradycardia.: tendinitis and tendon rupture.
Question: Patients receiving oxybutynin (Ditropan) should be advised to
Correct Answer: avoid taking the medication with grapefruit juice. always take the medication on an
empty stomach with a full glass of water. drink plenty of water and avoid overheating. take the medication
with cranberry juice.: drink plenty of water and avoid overheating. Ditropan XL can increase perspiration,
which will put people at increased risk heat stroke
Question: An adverse reaction associated with loop diuretics is
Correct Answer: urinary frequency. hyponatremia. hypokalemia. hypotension.: hypokalemia.
Question: A 23-year-old patient with an uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) is allergic to
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim). This patient should be treated with
Correct Answer: Cipro. Bactrim DS. SMX-TMP DS. Septra.: Cipro.
Question: Patients receiving imipramine (Tofranil) for the treatment of nocturnal enuresis should be
advised to
Correct Answer: take the medication 1 hour before meals. use sunscreen when outdoors. avoid grapefruit.
take the medication on an empty stomach.: use sunscreen when outdoors.
Question: The brand name of imipramine, used in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis, is
Correct Answer: Anafranil. Elavil. Imitrex. Tofranil.: Tofranil.
Question: The drug of choice for blood pressure control in patients with renal insufficiency is
Correct Answer: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. beta-blockers. calcium channel blockers. loop
diuretics.: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
Question: Antiandrogenic agents such as finasteride (Proscar)
Correct Answer: reduce prostate-specific antigen levels. decrease the risk of developing high-grade
prostate cancer. do not have an effect on acute urinary retention. reduces the motility, concentration and
morphology of semen.: reduce prostate-specific antigen levels.
Question: In addition to lifestyle changes, which medication is most appropriate in the treatment of urge
incontinence? Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) Flavoxate (Urispas). Solifenacin (Vesicare) Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Correct Answer: Solifenacin (Vesicare) flomax = overflow incontinence
Question: In the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs), sulfa agents
