CLASS 2 (3/25) OB | GUARANTEED SUCCESS STARTS HERE!
LEARN, PRACTICE & EXCEL!
Positive signs of pregnancy Answer: - fetal heartbeat (per doppler or fetoscope)
- fetal movement (palpated or visualized by trained provider)
- visualization of fetus on ultrasound
- delivery
Presumptive signs of pregnancy Answer: - amenorrhea
- N/V
- breast tenderness
- urinary frequency
- darkened areola (can also be caused by oral contraceptives)
- quickening
- weight gain
- fatigue
Probable signs of pregnancy Answer: - Goodell's, Hegar's sign
- Chadwick's sign
- Braxton hicks
- uterine souffle
- linea nigra (can also be caused by birth control pills)
- abdominal striae
- ballottement
- palpation of fetal outline (can also be fibroid)
- abdominal enlargement (fibroid, tumor)
- positive pregnancy test
Uterine souffle Answer: - blowing sound heard over uterus
- probably sign, can also be caused by maternal pulse
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, Ballottement Answer: - a sharp upward pushing against the uterine wall with a finger inserted
into the vagina for diagnosing pregnancy by feeling the return impact of the displaced fetus
- probable sign, can also be fibroid/tumor
Other causes of positive hCG test Answer: - medications (valium, phenobarbital, promethezine)
Partner Couvade Answer: - Unintentional taking on the physical symptoms of the pregnant
partner
Hormonal causes of pregnancy discomforts Answer: - Estrogen
- Progesterone
- Relaxin
- Human placental lactogen
- Prolactin
- Oxytocin
- Human chorionic gonadotropin
Mechanical causes of pregnancy discomforts Answer: - enlarging uterus
- weight gain
- postural changes --> back pain
- baby drops at 40 weeks, bladder pressure again
Round ligament pain s/sx Answer: - sharp lower right quadrant pain when rolling over quickly or
Chadwick's sign Answer: - blue tinge to cervix/vagina
- caused by estrogen and progesterone in pregnancy
- probable sign, can also be sign by infertility medication
Goodell's sign Answer: - cervical softening
- caused by estrogen and progesterone in pregnancy
- probable sign, can also be caused by pelvic congestions
Hegar's sign Answer: - softening of the lower uterine segment
- caused by estrogen and progesterone in pregnancy
- probable sign
Enlarging uterus Answer: - hypertrophy from estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
LEARN, PRACTICE & EXCEL!
Positive signs of pregnancy Answer: - fetal heartbeat (per doppler or fetoscope)
- fetal movement (palpated or visualized by trained provider)
- visualization of fetus on ultrasound
- delivery
Presumptive signs of pregnancy Answer: - amenorrhea
- N/V
- breast tenderness
- urinary frequency
- darkened areola (can also be caused by oral contraceptives)
- quickening
- weight gain
- fatigue
Probable signs of pregnancy Answer: - Goodell's, Hegar's sign
- Chadwick's sign
- Braxton hicks
- uterine souffle
- linea nigra (can also be caused by birth control pills)
- abdominal striae
- ballottement
- palpation of fetal outline (can also be fibroid)
- abdominal enlargement (fibroid, tumor)
- positive pregnancy test
Uterine souffle Answer: - blowing sound heard over uterus
- probably sign, can also be caused by maternal pulse
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, Ballottement Answer: - a sharp upward pushing against the uterine wall with a finger inserted
into the vagina for diagnosing pregnancy by feeling the return impact of the displaced fetus
- probable sign, can also be fibroid/tumor
Other causes of positive hCG test Answer: - medications (valium, phenobarbital, promethezine)
Partner Couvade Answer: - Unintentional taking on the physical symptoms of the pregnant
partner
Hormonal causes of pregnancy discomforts Answer: - Estrogen
- Progesterone
- Relaxin
- Human placental lactogen
- Prolactin
- Oxytocin
- Human chorionic gonadotropin
Mechanical causes of pregnancy discomforts Answer: - enlarging uterus
- weight gain
- postural changes --> back pain
- baby drops at 40 weeks, bladder pressure again
Round ligament pain s/sx Answer: - sharp lower right quadrant pain when rolling over quickly or
Chadwick's sign Answer: - blue tinge to cervix/vagina
- caused by estrogen and progesterone in pregnancy
- probable sign, can also be sign by infertility medication
Goodell's sign Answer: - cervical softening
- caused by estrogen and progesterone in pregnancy
- probable sign, can also be caused by pelvic congestions
Hegar's sign Answer: - softening of the lower uterine segment
- caused by estrogen and progesterone in pregnancy
- probable sign
Enlarging uterus Answer: - hypertrophy from estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
