ASSESSMENT OF KIDNEY FUNCTION AND URINARY
DISORDERS CH. 53,55 | GUARANTEED SUCCESS STARTS
HERE! LEARN, PRACTICE & EXCEL!
Describe the function of the urinary system Answer: Regulates fluid and electrolytes
Removing wastes
Providing hormones involved in red blood cell production, bone metabolism, and control of
blood pressure
List the structures of the Urinary system Answer: Kidney
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
What lab is the best indicator of renal function Answer: Creatinine
List Gerontologic Considerations of the Urinary system Answer: Decreased Glomerular
filtration rate & renal reserve
Decreased drug clearance leading to increased drug-drug reactions
-Potential intentional limitation of fluids
-Decrease frequency or incontinence
- Diminshed sense of thirst. Tell Old people to monitor mucous membrane to tell them
they're thirsty
- Decrease in nerve innervations. Leads to incontinence
- In diabetes glucose damages nerve leading to incontinence
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Urinalysis looks at Answer: -Color
-Odor
-pH & specific gravity
-Protein
-Glucose
-Ketone bodies
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence. 1
, Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe Proteinuria Answer: abnormal quantities of
protein in the urine, which may indicate damage to the kidneys.
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe renal glycosuria Answer: a rare condition in
which the simple sugar glucose is excreted in the urine despite normal or low blood
glucose levels
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe renal Ketonuria Answer: Ketones found in
urine. The body cannot get enough glucose for energy. Often found in diabetics
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe Hematuria Answer: RBC in urine
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe Urine Culture Answer: Urine culture: Looking
at bacteria. Preliminary negative at 24. Results at 48. Also looks at what is going to be best
drug for condition.
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe Ultrasonography Answer: Noninvasive
method of measuring urine volume in the bladder
Fluid looks dark
Requires full bladder
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe CT scans Answer: CT usually uses contrast
- Must be aware of Iodine & shellfish allergies with contrast
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe MRI Answer: most often do not use contrast
All metal objects and credit cars must be removed
Patient needs to be informed to avoid alcohol, caffeine, and smoking for at least 2 hours
prior & food for at least 1 hour prior
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe Endoscopic Procedures Answer: Can be done
2 ways:
-Using a cystoscope (endoscope) inserted through the urethra
-Percutaneously through a small incision
-Visualization of bladder or urethra
-Removal of calculi or samples
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence. 2
DISORDERS CH. 53,55 | GUARANTEED SUCCESS STARTS
HERE! LEARN, PRACTICE & EXCEL!
Describe the function of the urinary system Answer: Regulates fluid and electrolytes
Removing wastes
Providing hormones involved in red blood cell production, bone metabolism, and control of
blood pressure
List the structures of the Urinary system Answer: Kidney
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
What lab is the best indicator of renal function Answer: Creatinine
List Gerontologic Considerations of the Urinary system Answer: Decreased Glomerular
filtration rate & renal reserve
Decreased drug clearance leading to increased drug-drug reactions
-Potential intentional limitation of fluids
-Decrease frequency or incontinence
- Diminshed sense of thirst. Tell Old people to monitor mucous membrane to tell them
they're thirsty
- Decrease in nerve innervations. Leads to incontinence
- In diabetes glucose damages nerve leading to incontinence
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Urinalysis looks at Answer: -Color
-Odor
-pH & specific gravity
-Protein
-Glucose
-Ketone bodies
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence. 1
, Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe Proteinuria Answer: abnormal quantities of
protein in the urine, which may indicate damage to the kidneys.
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe renal glycosuria Answer: a rare condition in
which the simple sugar glucose is excreted in the urine despite normal or low blood
glucose levels
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe renal Ketonuria Answer: Ketones found in
urine. The body cannot get enough glucose for energy. Often found in diabetics
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe Hematuria Answer: RBC in urine
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe Urine Culture Answer: Urine culture: Looking
at bacteria. Preliminary negative at 24. Results at 48. Also looks at what is going to be best
drug for condition.
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe Ultrasonography Answer: Noninvasive
method of measuring urine volume in the bladder
Fluid looks dark
Requires full bladder
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe CT scans Answer: CT usually uses contrast
- Must be aware of Iodine & shellfish allergies with contrast
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe MRI Answer: most often do not use contrast
All metal objects and credit cars must be removed
Patient needs to be informed to avoid alcohol, caffeine, and smoking for at least 2 hours
prior & food for at least 1 hour prior
Urinary system diagnostic studies: Describe Endoscopic Procedures Answer: Can be done
2 ways:
-Using a cystoscope (endoscope) inserted through the urethra
-Percutaneously through a small incision
-Visualization of bladder or urethra
-Removal of calculi or samples
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence. 2
