SPCE 630 EVALUATION 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔MP designs - ✔✔do not require continuous measurement of all behaviors
,conditions, or participants prior to the introduction of the independent variable, as is the
case with MB designs. probe trials may occur once daily or several probe trials may be
clustered over a short period of time, referred to as a probe session.
✔✔probe condition - ✔✔differs from a baseline condition only in that probe conditions
do not occur for the entire duration of pre intervention for each tier.
✔✔two primary variations of the MP design - ✔✔1) one in which data are collected
periodically for single sessions, and over a minimum of three days immediately prior to
introduction of the independent variable, which we refer to as days variation
2) one in which data are collected for 3 or more consecutive sessions, which we refer to
as the conditions variation.
✔✔differences between MB and MP - ✔✔in MP design, a series of consecutive probe
sessions are introduced at scheduled times over the course of the study.
✔✔advantages of MB and MP designs - ✔✔both designs permit an evaluation and
demonstration of intra participant direct replication. the MP design across behaviors
provides a practical means for evaluating programs designed to teach academic and
functional skills that are nonreversible once acquired.
the conditions variation of the MP design across behaviors provides a paradigm for
repeatedly monitoring progress over time.
✔✔limitations of MP and MB - ✔✔these designs require specific guidelines that may
present problems. for each participant, a minimum of three behaviors must be identified.
all behaviors must be monitored repeatedly and concurrently, which may be time
consuming.
prolonged baseline conditions can result in testing threats to internal validity. may result
in a facilitative or inhibitive effect.
, ✔✔several strategies to implement to overcome limitations associated with MP and MB
designs - ✔✔a) positively reinforce desired behaviors during pre intervention sessions.
you can contingently reinforce target behaviors when performed correctly.
✔✔using MB and MP designs across contexts - ✔✔you sequentially introduce the
independent variable to the same behavior across several different stimulus conditions.
these can encompass the dimensions of time, instructional arrangement, activity,
setting, control agent
✔✔when conducting comparative studies. some issues to consider are - ✔✔a) whether
behaviors being studied are reversible b) time available for conducting the study c)
number of accessible participants d) likely threats
✔✔comparison of competing interventions - ✔✔when faced with the same problem or
issues, different investigators study different interventions. one may focus on
intervention B and study it several times through systematic replications, and another
may do the same with intervention C. the question is, which of those effective
interventions will result in more efficient learning or more rapid deceleration of the
challenging behaviors?
✔✔comparison of an innovation to an established intervention - ✔✔goal to determine
whether the innovation or established intervention results in better outcomes. two
requirements are important. a) the established intervention must be used as its
developers recommend and be applied to behaviors, participants, and contexts similar
to those in original research. b) the innovation should be sufficiently well studied so an
effective and refined form of it can be used.
✔✔comparisons to refine interventions - ✔✔evaluate variations of the same intervention
to develop and refine it. the variations may include parametric questions, such as
whether using more or less of a procedure results in differential behavior changes. other
variations may focus on component analyses. some can focus on procedural fidelity. the
goal of these studies is to compare a form of the intervention that was effective in
previous studies to a variation of that form.
✔✔comparisons to understand interactions - ✔✔research focuses on whether two or
more interventions are more or less effective given a couple contextual variables.
contextual variables can be categorized on at least four dimensions a) physical space
and materials b) social structure c) temporal structure, d) instructional characteristics.
the goal of such studies is to discern whether one intervention produces differential
patterns of responding under varying conditions.
✔✔comparison of popular and research based interventions - ✔✔when a widely used
intervention with little or no research support is suggested for use it is prudent to
compare the effects of the untested interventions with an intervention supported by
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔MP designs - ✔✔do not require continuous measurement of all behaviors
,conditions, or participants prior to the introduction of the independent variable, as is the
case with MB designs. probe trials may occur once daily or several probe trials may be
clustered over a short period of time, referred to as a probe session.
✔✔probe condition - ✔✔differs from a baseline condition only in that probe conditions
do not occur for the entire duration of pre intervention for each tier.
✔✔two primary variations of the MP design - ✔✔1) one in which data are collected
periodically for single sessions, and over a minimum of three days immediately prior to
introduction of the independent variable, which we refer to as days variation
2) one in which data are collected for 3 or more consecutive sessions, which we refer to
as the conditions variation.
✔✔differences between MB and MP - ✔✔in MP design, a series of consecutive probe
sessions are introduced at scheduled times over the course of the study.
✔✔advantages of MB and MP designs - ✔✔both designs permit an evaluation and
demonstration of intra participant direct replication. the MP design across behaviors
provides a practical means for evaluating programs designed to teach academic and
functional skills that are nonreversible once acquired.
the conditions variation of the MP design across behaviors provides a paradigm for
repeatedly monitoring progress over time.
✔✔limitations of MP and MB - ✔✔these designs require specific guidelines that may
present problems. for each participant, a minimum of three behaviors must be identified.
all behaviors must be monitored repeatedly and concurrently, which may be time
consuming.
prolonged baseline conditions can result in testing threats to internal validity. may result
in a facilitative or inhibitive effect.
, ✔✔several strategies to implement to overcome limitations associated with MP and MB
designs - ✔✔a) positively reinforce desired behaviors during pre intervention sessions.
you can contingently reinforce target behaviors when performed correctly.
✔✔using MB and MP designs across contexts - ✔✔you sequentially introduce the
independent variable to the same behavior across several different stimulus conditions.
these can encompass the dimensions of time, instructional arrangement, activity,
setting, control agent
✔✔when conducting comparative studies. some issues to consider are - ✔✔a) whether
behaviors being studied are reversible b) time available for conducting the study c)
number of accessible participants d) likely threats
✔✔comparison of competing interventions - ✔✔when faced with the same problem or
issues, different investigators study different interventions. one may focus on
intervention B and study it several times through systematic replications, and another
may do the same with intervention C. the question is, which of those effective
interventions will result in more efficient learning or more rapid deceleration of the
challenging behaviors?
✔✔comparison of an innovation to an established intervention - ✔✔goal to determine
whether the innovation or established intervention results in better outcomes. two
requirements are important. a) the established intervention must be used as its
developers recommend and be applied to behaviors, participants, and contexts similar
to those in original research. b) the innovation should be sufficiently well studied so an
effective and refined form of it can be used.
✔✔comparisons to refine interventions - ✔✔evaluate variations of the same intervention
to develop and refine it. the variations may include parametric questions, such as
whether using more or less of a procedure results in differential behavior changes. other
variations may focus on component analyses. some can focus on procedural fidelity. the
goal of these studies is to compare a form of the intervention that was effective in
previous studies to a variation of that form.
✔✔comparisons to understand interactions - ✔✔research focuses on whether two or
more interventions are more or less effective given a couple contextual variables.
contextual variables can be categorized on at least four dimensions a) physical space
and materials b) social structure c) temporal structure, d) instructional characteristics.
the goal of such studies is to discern whether one intervention produces differential
patterns of responding under varying conditions.
✔✔comparison of popular and research based interventions - ✔✔when a widely used
intervention with little or no research support is suggested for use it is prudent to
compare the effects of the untested interventions with an intervention supported by
