1 MAXE · 401 MEHC
★ ★
University of Wisconsin–Madison
W Department of Chemistry
EST. 1848
NUMEN LUMEN · THE WISCONSIN IDEA
exam 1 chem 104
G E N E RA L C H E M I ST RY I I — S O LU T I O N S , CO L L I GAT I V E P R O P E RT I E S & K I N E T I CS
INSTITUTION University of Wisconsin–Madison PROGRAM Bachelor of Science — General
Chemistry II
COURSE CODE Chem 104 COURSE TITLE General Chemistry II
ACADEMIC YEAR EXAM TITLE exam 1 chem 104
TOTAL QUESTIONS 89 Questions FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the
Single Best Answer
STUDY GUIDE INSTRUCTIONS
▸ This study guide covers intermolecular forces, solutions, concentration units, colligative properties, and
chemical kinetics for Chem 104 Exam 1.
▸ Each question tests one discrete concept, definition, or calculation method from the course material.
▸ Select the single best answer for each question. Correct answers and detailed rationales are provided.
▸ Pay careful attention to units, sign conventions, and stoichiometric coefficients in rate calculations.
▸ All content reflects the standard General Chemistry II curriculum at UW–Madison.
, CHEM 104 — IMFS, SOLUTIONS, COLLIGATIVE
Questions 1 – 89
PROPERTIES & KINETICS
1. The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas
above the liquid. This relationship is known as:
A. Raoult's Law
B. Henry's Law
C. The Arrhenius Equation
D. Hess's Law
CORRECT ANSWER B — Henry's Law
RATIONALE Henry's Law states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to
the partial pressure of that gas above the liquid (C = kP). Raoult's Law (Option A)
relates vapor pressure to mole fraction. The Arrhenius Equation (Option C)
describes temperature dependence of rate constants. Hess's Law (Option D) deals
with enthalpy changes in multi-step reactions. Henry's Law explains why
carbonated beverages fizz when opened — the pressure drops, reducing CO₂
solubility.
2. A solution where the solute and solvent are in dynamic equilibrium, with the rate of
dissolution equal to the rate of recrystallization, is called:
A. Unsaturated solution
B. Supersaturated solution
C. Saturated solution
D. Dilute solution
CORRECT ANSWER C — Saturated solution
RATIONALE A saturated solution is at dynamic equilibrium — the rate of dissolution equals the
rate of recrystallization, and the concentration remains constant. On a solubility
curve, the saturated point lies exactly on the line. An unsaturated solution (Option
A) has less than saturation (below the line). A supersaturated solution (Option B)
has more than saturation (above the line) and is unstable. A dilute solution
(Option D) simply has low concentration, regardless of saturation status.
★ ★
University of Wisconsin–Madison
W Department of Chemistry
EST. 1848
NUMEN LUMEN · THE WISCONSIN IDEA
exam 1 chem 104
G E N E RA L C H E M I ST RY I I — S O LU T I O N S , CO L L I GAT I V E P R O P E RT I E S & K I N E T I CS
INSTITUTION University of Wisconsin–Madison PROGRAM Bachelor of Science — General
Chemistry II
COURSE CODE Chem 104 COURSE TITLE General Chemistry II
ACADEMIC YEAR EXAM TITLE exam 1 chem 104
TOTAL QUESTIONS 89 Questions FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the
Single Best Answer
STUDY GUIDE INSTRUCTIONS
▸ This study guide covers intermolecular forces, solutions, concentration units, colligative properties, and
chemical kinetics for Chem 104 Exam 1.
▸ Each question tests one discrete concept, definition, or calculation method from the course material.
▸ Select the single best answer for each question. Correct answers and detailed rationales are provided.
▸ Pay careful attention to units, sign conventions, and stoichiometric coefficients in rate calculations.
▸ All content reflects the standard General Chemistry II curriculum at UW–Madison.
, CHEM 104 — IMFS, SOLUTIONS, COLLIGATIVE
Questions 1 – 89
PROPERTIES & KINETICS
1. The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas
above the liquid. This relationship is known as:
A. Raoult's Law
B. Henry's Law
C. The Arrhenius Equation
D. Hess's Law
CORRECT ANSWER B — Henry's Law
RATIONALE Henry's Law states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to
the partial pressure of that gas above the liquid (C = kP). Raoult's Law (Option A)
relates vapor pressure to mole fraction. The Arrhenius Equation (Option C)
describes temperature dependence of rate constants. Hess's Law (Option D) deals
with enthalpy changes in multi-step reactions. Henry's Law explains why
carbonated beverages fizz when opened — the pressure drops, reducing CO₂
solubility.
2. A solution where the solute and solvent are in dynamic equilibrium, with the rate of
dissolution equal to the rate of recrystallization, is called:
A. Unsaturated solution
B. Supersaturated solution
C. Saturated solution
D. Dilute solution
CORRECT ANSWER C — Saturated solution
RATIONALE A saturated solution is at dynamic equilibrium — the rate of dissolution equals the
rate of recrystallization, and the concentration remains constant. On a solubility
curve, the saturated point lies exactly on the line. An unsaturated solution (Option
A) has less than saturation (below the line). A supersaturated solution (Option B)
has more than saturation (above the line) and is unstable. A dilute solution
(Option D) simply has low concentration, regardless of saturation status.
