NUR 205 ACTUAL EXAMS SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A.pdf

NUR 205 ACTUAL EXAMS SCRIPT QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Hypokalemia - ✔✔K+ lower than 3.5
Causes:
** Vomiting/Diarrhea
DKA
Excessive diuretics or corticosteroids
Increased secretion of aldosterone
Wound drainage
Prolonged gastric suctioning
Excessive diaphoresis
Kidney disease/failure

✔✔Hypokalemia S/S - ✔✔Muscle cramps
Constipation
Lethargy
Weakness
Low respirations
Confusion
Low or absent DTR
Dysrhythmias

✔✔Hypokalemia Treatments/Interventions - ✔✔Place pt on cardiac monitor
monitor vital signs
monitor electrolytes
administer K+ supplements
increase K+ rich foods

✔✔Hyperkalemia - ✔✔Higher than 5
Causes:
Burns, acute kidney failure, excessive use of K+ supps and intake of K+ foods, intestinal
obstruction, cell damage

, ✔✔Hyperkalemia S/S - ✔✔muscle weakness
hypotension
diarrhea
hyperactive bowel sounds
flat P waves
Prolonged PR interval
Depressed ST

✔✔Hyperkalemia Treatment/Interventions - ✔✔Place pt on cardiac monitor
monitor I&O
monitor vital signs
enforce K+ restricting diet
Give kayexlate
Dialysis may be required

✔✔Hypocalcemia - ✔✔Lower than 8
Causes:
Inadequate intake of calcium & vit D
Diarrhea
Excessive GI loss
Diuretics
Caffeine
Laxatives
Crohns Disease

✔✔Hypocalcemia S/S - ✔✔HIgh HR
Tetany
Positive Chovostek's or Trousseaus sign
Diarrhea
Twitching
Hyperactive bowel sounds
*Laryngeal spasm

✔✔Hypocalcemia Treatment/Interventions - ✔✔Monitor GI and cardiac status
Administer Ca+ supplements or IV solutions
Administer Phosphate and vitamin D
Seizure precautions
Increase Ca+ foods

✔✔Rapid-Acting Insulins - ✔✔Lispro (Humalog)
Aspart (Novolog)
Glulisine (Apidra)

✔✔Hypercalcemia - ✔✔Higher than 10