MCA1 – Medical-Surgical Nursing I (Adult Health Nursing
EXAM 2026-2027 LATEST UPDATED VERSION QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Which statement made by the nurse is most appropriate in teaching patient interventions to minimize
the effects of seasonal allergic rhinitis?
"You will need to get rid of your pets."
"You should sleep in an air-conditioned room."
"You would do best to stay indoors during the winter months."
"You will need to dust your house with a dry feather duster twice a week." - answer>>"You should sleep
in an air-conditioned room."
Seasonal allergic rhinitis is most commonly caused by pollens from trees, weeds, and grasses. Airborne
allergies can be controlled by sleeping in an air-conditioned room, daily damp dusting, covering the
mattress and pillows with hypoallergenic covers, and wearing a mask outdoors.
Ten days after receiving a bone marrow transplant, a patient develops a skin rash on the palms and
soles, jaundice, and diarrhea. What does the nurse determine these clinical manifestations are
indicating?
The patient is experiencing a type I allergic reaction.
An atopic reaction is causing the patient's symptoms.
The patient is experiencing rejection of the bone marrow.
,Cells in the transplanted bone marrow are attacking the host tissue. - answer>>Cells in the transplanted
bone marrow are attacking the host tissue.
The patient's symptoms are characteristic of graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) in which transplanted
cells mount an immune response to the host's tissue. GVHD is not a type I allergic response or an atopic
reaction, and it differs from transplant rejection in that the graft rejects the host rather than the host
rejecting the graft.
The nurse is teaching a patient with a latex allergy about preventing and treating allergic reactions.
Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates a need for further teaching?
"My dentist should be told about my latex allergy."
"I should avoid foods such as bananas, avocados, and kiwi."
"I will use vinyl gloves for activities such as housekeeping."
"Because my reactions are not severe, I will not need an EpiPen." - answer>>"Because my reactions are
not severe, I will not need an EpiPen."
An individual with latex allergies should carry an injectable epinephrine pen. The proteins in latex are
similar to the proteins in certain foods and may cause an allergic reaction in people who are allergic to
latex. Foods to avoid include banana, avocado, chestnut, kiwi, tomato, water chestnuts, guava,
hazelnuts, potatoes, peaches, grapes, and apricots. Vinyl gloves are not latex and are safe to use.
Individuals with latex allergies need to share this information with all health care providers and wear a
medical alert bracelet.
Which patient is at risk for developing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)?
A 65-yr-old man who received an autologous blood transfusion
, A 40-yr-old man who received a kidney transplant from a living donor
A 65-yr-old woman who received a pancreas and kidney from a deceased donor
A 40-yr-old woman who received a bone marrow transplant from a close relative - answer>>A 40-yr-old
woman who received a bone marrow transplant from a close relative
GVHD occurs when an
immunoincompetent patient is transfused or transplanted with immunocompetent cells. Examples
include blood transfusions or the transplantation of bone marrow, fetal thymus, or fetal liver. An
autologous blood transfusion is the collection and reinfusion of the individual's own blood or blood
components. There is no risk for GVHD in this situation.
A patient has a hemoglobin level of 8.2 gm/dL and hematocrit of 28%, and is receiving a transfusion of
packed red blood cells. The patient reports back pain, chills, and has a fever during the transfusion.
What is the priority nursing action?
Call the physician
Stop the transfusion
Administer acetaminophen for the pain and fever
Monitor the patient for the remainder of the transfusion - answer>>Stop the transfusion
The patient is having a transfusion reaction and the transfusion should immediately be stopped.
Vital signs are taken and medications administered to counteract the reaction. The blood should be
saved for testing. The physician may be called after the transfusion is stopped. The patient should be
monitored after the transfusion is discontinued until the condition is stable. After the transfusion is
discontinued and the reaction is terminated, the back pain, fever, and chills will cease, and the
acetaminophen will not be required.
EXAM 2026-2027 LATEST UPDATED VERSION QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Which statement made by the nurse is most appropriate in teaching patient interventions to minimize
the effects of seasonal allergic rhinitis?
"You will need to get rid of your pets."
"You should sleep in an air-conditioned room."
"You would do best to stay indoors during the winter months."
"You will need to dust your house with a dry feather duster twice a week." - answer>>"You should sleep
in an air-conditioned room."
Seasonal allergic rhinitis is most commonly caused by pollens from trees, weeds, and grasses. Airborne
allergies can be controlled by sleeping in an air-conditioned room, daily damp dusting, covering the
mattress and pillows with hypoallergenic covers, and wearing a mask outdoors.
Ten days after receiving a bone marrow transplant, a patient develops a skin rash on the palms and
soles, jaundice, and diarrhea. What does the nurse determine these clinical manifestations are
indicating?
The patient is experiencing a type I allergic reaction.
An atopic reaction is causing the patient's symptoms.
The patient is experiencing rejection of the bone marrow.
,Cells in the transplanted bone marrow are attacking the host tissue. - answer>>Cells in the transplanted
bone marrow are attacking the host tissue.
The patient's symptoms are characteristic of graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) in which transplanted
cells mount an immune response to the host's tissue. GVHD is not a type I allergic response or an atopic
reaction, and it differs from transplant rejection in that the graft rejects the host rather than the host
rejecting the graft.
The nurse is teaching a patient with a latex allergy about preventing and treating allergic reactions.
Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates a need for further teaching?
"My dentist should be told about my latex allergy."
"I should avoid foods such as bananas, avocados, and kiwi."
"I will use vinyl gloves for activities such as housekeeping."
"Because my reactions are not severe, I will not need an EpiPen." - answer>>"Because my reactions are
not severe, I will not need an EpiPen."
An individual with latex allergies should carry an injectable epinephrine pen. The proteins in latex are
similar to the proteins in certain foods and may cause an allergic reaction in people who are allergic to
latex. Foods to avoid include banana, avocado, chestnut, kiwi, tomato, water chestnuts, guava,
hazelnuts, potatoes, peaches, grapes, and apricots. Vinyl gloves are not latex and are safe to use.
Individuals with latex allergies need to share this information with all health care providers and wear a
medical alert bracelet.
Which patient is at risk for developing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)?
A 65-yr-old man who received an autologous blood transfusion
, A 40-yr-old man who received a kidney transplant from a living donor
A 65-yr-old woman who received a pancreas and kidney from a deceased donor
A 40-yr-old woman who received a bone marrow transplant from a close relative - answer>>A 40-yr-old
woman who received a bone marrow transplant from a close relative
GVHD occurs when an
immunoincompetent patient is transfused or transplanted with immunocompetent cells. Examples
include blood transfusions or the transplantation of bone marrow, fetal thymus, or fetal liver. An
autologous blood transfusion is the collection and reinfusion of the individual's own blood or blood
components. There is no risk for GVHD in this situation.
A patient has a hemoglobin level of 8.2 gm/dL and hematocrit of 28%, and is receiving a transfusion of
packed red blood cells. The patient reports back pain, chills, and has a fever during the transfusion.
What is the priority nursing action?
Call the physician
Stop the transfusion
Administer acetaminophen for the pain and fever
Monitor the patient for the remainder of the transfusion - answer>>Stop the transfusion
The patient is having a transfusion reaction and the transfusion should immediately be stopped.
Vital signs are taken and medications administered to counteract the reaction. The blood should be
saved for testing. The physician may be called after the transfusion is stopped. The patient should be
monitored after the transfusion is discontinued until the condition is stable. After the transfusion is
discontinued and the reaction is terminated, the back pain, fever, and chills will cease, and the
acetaminophen will not be required.
