Nur 209 module 6 Respiratory Test
Questions and Answers.
thorax or thoracic cavity - Answer closed cavity of the body, containing structures needed for
respirations. Surrounded by the ribs and muscles and extends from the base of the neck to the
diaphragm.
Three section of the thorax - Answer Mediastinum and the right and left pleural cavities
mediastinum - Answer contains the heart, trachea, esophagus, and major blood vessels of
the body.
pleural cavity - Answer contains lungs.
lower respiratory - Answer includes trachea, bronchi and lungs
trachea - Answer located in the mediastinum, descends from the larynx in the neck to the
main bronchi at the distal point.
bronchi anteriorly - Answer the trachea bifurcates at about the level of the sternal angle,
forming the right and left main bronchi.
Main bronchus - Answer enters each lung at the hilus (medial depression) and maintain an
oblique position in the mediastinum.
Right main bronchus - Answer shorter, wider, and more vertical than the left bronchus;
aspirated objects are more likely to enter the right lung.
lungs - Answer cone-shaped , elastic, spongy, air-filled, structures that are situated in the
pleural cavities of the thorax on the side of the mediastinum
left lung - Answer two lobes (upper and lower) and tends to be longer and narrower that the
right lung.
- accommodates the heart at the medial surface.
right lung - Answer three lobes (upper, middle, and lower) and is slightly larger, wider, and
shorter than the left lung.
, Pleural membrane - Answer a thin, double-layered, serous membrane the lines each pleural
cavity. parietal pleura which lines superior aspect of the diaphragm and walls of thoracic cavity
and deep visceral pleura covers the lungs
pleural membrane fluid - Answer produced these membranes acts as a lubricant, allowing
the lung to glide during the respiratory cycle of inspiration and expiration.
surface tension - Answer created by the fluid and negative pressure between the membranes
helps keep the lungs expanded. As the negative pressure changes, one is able to move air into
and out of the lungs.
landmarks - Answer Reference points for internal structures of the respiratory system. Helps
a professional nurse develop a mental picture of the structures being assessed. Posteriorly, the
vertical lines start at the vertical column and additional lines are drawn parallel to the reference
point.
Sternum - Answer the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.
manubrium - Answer Superior portion of the sternum. The depression at the superior border
is called the suprasternal notch and jugular notch. Joins the body at the sternum.
angle of louis (sternal angle) - Answer A horizontal ridge at the bottom , where the jugular
notch and manubrium meet the body of the sternum
Ribs - Answer 12 pairs - first 7 'true ribs' that articulate directly with sternum; ribs 8, 9, 10
attach to cartilage of the superior ribs; ribs 11 & 12 are 'free floating' anteriorly.
The 1st rib and 1st intercostal space, being obscured by the clavicle, are not palpable. Anteriorly,
ribs 2-7 and the corresponding intercostal spaces are easily palpated along the sternal border.
Vertebral column - Answer spine, located at the midline of the posterior portion of the
thoracic cage. 12 vertebrae
Seventh cervical vertebrae - Answer Most visible at the base of the neck. The much larger
spinous process contributes to the uniqueness of the vertebrae. Most prominent vertebrae (C7)
used to count and locate other spinous processes. Two spinous processes are equally
prominent, they are C7 and T1.
five imaginary vertical lines anteriorly aspect of the thoracic cage - Answer 1. sternal line (SL)
starts at the sternal notch and descends through the xiphoid process - divides sternum in half
and ultimately identifies left and right thoracic cage.
Questions and Answers.
thorax or thoracic cavity - Answer closed cavity of the body, containing structures needed for
respirations. Surrounded by the ribs and muscles and extends from the base of the neck to the
diaphragm.
Three section of the thorax - Answer Mediastinum and the right and left pleural cavities
mediastinum - Answer contains the heart, trachea, esophagus, and major blood vessels of
the body.
pleural cavity - Answer contains lungs.
lower respiratory - Answer includes trachea, bronchi and lungs
trachea - Answer located in the mediastinum, descends from the larynx in the neck to the
main bronchi at the distal point.
bronchi anteriorly - Answer the trachea bifurcates at about the level of the sternal angle,
forming the right and left main bronchi.
Main bronchus - Answer enters each lung at the hilus (medial depression) and maintain an
oblique position in the mediastinum.
Right main bronchus - Answer shorter, wider, and more vertical than the left bronchus;
aspirated objects are more likely to enter the right lung.
lungs - Answer cone-shaped , elastic, spongy, air-filled, structures that are situated in the
pleural cavities of the thorax on the side of the mediastinum
left lung - Answer two lobes (upper and lower) and tends to be longer and narrower that the
right lung.
- accommodates the heart at the medial surface.
right lung - Answer three lobes (upper, middle, and lower) and is slightly larger, wider, and
shorter than the left lung.
, Pleural membrane - Answer a thin, double-layered, serous membrane the lines each pleural
cavity. parietal pleura which lines superior aspect of the diaphragm and walls of thoracic cavity
and deep visceral pleura covers the lungs
pleural membrane fluid - Answer produced these membranes acts as a lubricant, allowing
the lung to glide during the respiratory cycle of inspiration and expiration.
surface tension - Answer created by the fluid and negative pressure between the membranes
helps keep the lungs expanded. As the negative pressure changes, one is able to move air into
and out of the lungs.
landmarks - Answer Reference points for internal structures of the respiratory system. Helps
a professional nurse develop a mental picture of the structures being assessed. Posteriorly, the
vertical lines start at the vertical column and additional lines are drawn parallel to the reference
point.
Sternum - Answer the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.
manubrium - Answer Superior portion of the sternum. The depression at the superior border
is called the suprasternal notch and jugular notch. Joins the body at the sternum.
angle of louis (sternal angle) - Answer A horizontal ridge at the bottom , where the jugular
notch and manubrium meet the body of the sternum
Ribs - Answer 12 pairs - first 7 'true ribs' that articulate directly with sternum; ribs 8, 9, 10
attach to cartilage of the superior ribs; ribs 11 & 12 are 'free floating' anteriorly.
The 1st rib and 1st intercostal space, being obscured by the clavicle, are not palpable. Anteriorly,
ribs 2-7 and the corresponding intercostal spaces are easily palpated along the sternal border.
Vertebral column - Answer spine, located at the midline of the posterior portion of the
thoracic cage. 12 vertebrae
Seventh cervical vertebrae - Answer Most visible at the base of the neck. The much larger
spinous process contributes to the uniqueness of the vertebrae. Most prominent vertebrae (C7)
used to count and locate other spinous processes. Two spinous processes are equally
prominent, they are C7 and T1.
five imaginary vertical lines anteriorly aspect of the thoracic cage - Answer 1. sternal line (SL)
starts at the sternal notch and descends through the xiphoid process - divides sternum in half
and ultimately identifies left and right thoracic cage.
