NURS 251 Module 6 Exam V1 | NURS 251
Module 6 Exam – Pharmacology | Portage |
Q&A with Rationale (Portage NURS 251
Module 6 Exam)
1. A patient with asthma is prescribed Albuterol and Beclomethasone inhalers. Which
instruction should the nurse provide regarding the sequence of administration?
A. Administer Beclomethasone first, wait 5 minutes, then administer Albuterol.
B. Mix the medications together in a single nebulizer treatment.
C. Administer Albuterol first, wait 5 minutes, then administer Beclomethasone.
D. The order does not matter as long as they are taken within the same hour.
Answer: C
Rationale: Administering the bronchodilator (Albuterol) first helps to open the airways
effectively. This allows the corticosteroid (Beclomethasone) to penetrate deeper into the
lung tissue for better anti-inflammatory action. Patients should always wait approximately
5 minutes between different types of inhalers to ensure maximum absorption.
2. Which side effect is most commonly associated with the long-term use of inhaled
corticosteroids like Fluticasone?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Oropharyngeal candidiasis
,C. Severe hypotension
D. Urinary retention
Answer: B
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids can alter the local immune environment in the mouth,
leading to fungal overgrowth. Oropharyngeal candidiasis, or thrush, is a frequent
complication if the mouth is not rinsed after use. Patients are strictly advised to gargle and
spit with water after each dose to prevent this infection.
3. A patient is taking Theophylline for chronic bronchitis. Which dietary substance should the
nurse advise the patient to limit?
A. Leafy green vegetables
B. Grapefruit juice
C. Dairy products
D. Caffeine
Answer: D
Rationale: Theophylline is a methylxanthine that has a chemical structure similar to
caffeine. Consuming caffeine while on this medication can lead to additive CNS stimulation
and cardiac toxicity. The nurse must monitor the patient for symptoms like tachycardia and
restlessness due to the narrow therapeutic index of this drug.
, 4. What is the primary mechanism of action of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) such as
Omeprazole?
A. Neutralizing existing gastric acid in the stomach lumen.
B. Irreversible inhibition of the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme system.
C. Blocking H2 receptors on parietal cells.
D. Forming a protective physical barrier over gastric ulcers.
Answer: B
Rationale: PPIs work by binding to the proton pump, which is the final step in acid
secretion by parietal cells. This inhibition is irreversible, meaning acid production only
resumes after new enzyme molecules are synthesized. This results in a much more potent
and long-lasting acid suppression compared to H2 blockers.
5. A patient is prescribed Sucralfate for a duodenal ulcer. When is the most appropriate time
for the patient to take this medication?
A. With a large meal to prevent GI upset.
B. Immediately following the administration of an antacid.
C. Exactly one hour before meals and at bedtime.
D. Once daily in the morning regardless of food intake.
Answer: C
Module 6 Exam – Pharmacology | Portage |
Q&A with Rationale (Portage NURS 251
Module 6 Exam)
1. A patient with asthma is prescribed Albuterol and Beclomethasone inhalers. Which
instruction should the nurse provide regarding the sequence of administration?
A. Administer Beclomethasone first, wait 5 minutes, then administer Albuterol.
B. Mix the medications together in a single nebulizer treatment.
C. Administer Albuterol first, wait 5 minutes, then administer Beclomethasone.
D. The order does not matter as long as they are taken within the same hour.
Answer: C
Rationale: Administering the bronchodilator (Albuterol) first helps to open the airways
effectively. This allows the corticosteroid (Beclomethasone) to penetrate deeper into the
lung tissue for better anti-inflammatory action. Patients should always wait approximately
5 minutes between different types of inhalers to ensure maximum absorption.
2. Which side effect is most commonly associated with the long-term use of inhaled
corticosteroids like Fluticasone?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Oropharyngeal candidiasis
,C. Severe hypotension
D. Urinary retention
Answer: B
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids can alter the local immune environment in the mouth,
leading to fungal overgrowth. Oropharyngeal candidiasis, or thrush, is a frequent
complication if the mouth is not rinsed after use. Patients are strictly advised to gargle and
spit with water after each dose to prevent this infection.
3. A patient is taking Theophylline for chronic bronchitis. Which dietary substance should the
nurse advise the patient to limit?
A. Leafy green vegetables
B. Grapefruit juice
C. Dairy products
D. Caffeine
Answer: D
Rationale: Theophylline is a methylxanthine that has a chemical structure similar to
caffeine. Consuming caffeine while on this medication can lead to additive CNS stimulation
and cardiac toxicity. The nurse must monitor the patient for symptoms like tachycardia and
restlessness due to the narrow therapeutic index of this drug.
, 4. What is the primary mechanism of action of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) such as
Omeprazole?
A. Neutralizing existing gastric acid in the stomach lumen.
B. Irreversible inhibition of the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme system.
C. Blocking H2 receptors on parietal cells.
D. Forming a protective physical barrier over gastric ulcers.
Answer: B
Rationale: PPIs work by binding to the proton pump, which is the final step in acid
secretion by parietal cells. This inhibition is irreversible, meaning acid production only
resumes after new enzyme molecules are synthesized. This results in a much more potent
and long-lasting acid suppression compared to H2 blockers.
5. A patient is prescribed Sucralfate for a duodenal ulcer. When is the most appropriate time
for the patient to take this medication?
A. With a large meal to prevent GI upset.
B. Immediately following the administration of an antacid.
C. Exactly one hour before meals and at bedtime.
D. Once daily in the morning regardless of food intake.
Answer: C
