# WGU C785 Biochemistry Final Exam
With 150 Questions,Answers with
Rationales
**1. Which level of protein structure is disrupted through the
hydrolysis of peptide bonds?**
- A) Quaternary
- B) Tertiary
- C) Primary
- D) Secondary
**Answer: C) Primary**
**Rationale:** The primary structure of a protein is the sequence of
amino acids held together by peptide bonds. Peptide bonds are
formed by dehydration reactions and disrupted by hydrolysis. This is
the most fundamental level of protein structure .
---
**2. A mutation in the beta-hemoglobin gene replaces glutamate at
position 6 with valine, leading to sickle cell anemia. If gene editing
replaced valine with a different amino acid, which replacement
would theoretically provide the best clinical outcome?**
,**Answer:** Any negatively charged amino acid
**Rationale:** The original amino acid in a healthy patient is
glutamate, which is negatively charged. The mutated amino acid is
valine, which is non-polar. The best amino acid to replace valine
would be one most like glutamate—a negatively charged amino acid .
---
**3. Secondary, tertiary, and quaternary levels of protein structure
can all be impacted by exposing a protein to which treatment?**
- A) Change of hydrophobic amino acid to a different hydrophobic
amino acid
- B) Addition of a reducing agent
- C) Placement of the protein in a solution with a low pH
- D) Increase in protein concentration
**Answer: C) Placement of the protein in a solution with a low pH**
**Rationale:** Changes in pH affect hydrogen bonds and ionic
bonds. Hydrogen bonds in the backbone occur in secondary
structure, while both hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds occur in side
chains in tertiary structure .
---
,**4. Which force is most influential in determining the secondary
structure of a protein?**
- A) Hydrophobic effect
- B) Disulfide bonding
- C) Hydrogen bonding
- D) Electrostatic interactions
**Answer: C) Hydrogen bonding**
**Rationale:** The secondary structure of a protein is built by
hydrogen bonds between the carboxyl groups and amino groups on
the backbones of amino acids .
---
**5. Which level of protein structure is determined by the sequence
of amino acids?**
- A) Secondary structure
- B) Quaternary structure
- C) Tertiary structure
- D) Primary structure
**Answer: D) Primary structure**
, **Rationale:** The primary structure of a protein is simply the
sequence of amino acids held together by peptide bonds .
---
**6. An increase in beta-pleated sheet structure in brain proteins can
lead to amyloid deposit formation. What is the primary biochemical
process that follows this increase?**
- A) Increase in glycogen formation
- B) Aggregation of proteins in the brain
- C) Secretion of glucagon
- D) Increase in anaerobic metabolism
**Answer: B) Aggregation of proteins in the brain**
**Rationale:** Aggregation occurs when proteins clump together
inappropriately, causing plaques like amyloid deposits to accumulate.
This is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's .
---
**7. Which portion of an amino acid is the variable group that
determines its properties?**
**Answer:** The side chain (R group)
With 150 Questions,Answers with
Rationales
**1. Which level of protein structure is disrupted through the
hydrolysis of peptide bonds?**
- A) Quaternary
- B) Tertiary
- C) Primary
- D) Secondary
**Answer: C) Primary**
**Rationale:** The primary structure of a protein is the sequence of
amino acids held together by peptide bonds. Peptide bonds are
formed by dehydration reactions and disrupted by hydrolysis. This is
the most fundamental level of protein structure .
---
**2. A mutation in the beta-hemoglobin gene replaces glutamate at
position 6 with valine, leading to sickle cell anemia. If gene editing
replaced valine with a different amino acid, which replacement
would theoretically provide the best clinical outcome?**
,**Answer:** Any negatively charged amino acid
**Rationale:** The original amino acid in a healthy patient is
glutamate, which is negatively charged. The mutated amino acid is
valine, which is non-polar. The best amino acid to replace valine
would be one most like glutamate—a negatively charged amino acid .
---
**3. Secondary, tertiary, and quaternary levels of protein structure
can all be impacted by exposing a protein to which treatment?**
- A) Change of hydrophobic amino acid to a different hydrophobic
amino acid
- B) Addition of a reducing agent
- C) Placement of the protein in a solution with a low pH
- D) Increase in protein concentration
**Answer: C) Placement of the protein in a solution with a low pH**
**Rationale:** Changes in pH affect hydrogen bonds and ionic
bonds. Hydrogen bonds in the backbone occur in secondary
structure, while both hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds occur in side
chains in tertiary structure .
---
,**4. Which force is most influential in determining the secondary
structure of a protein?**
- A) Hydrophobic effect
- B) Disulfide bonding
- C) Hydrogen bonding
- D) Electrostatic interactions
**Answer: C) Hydrogen bonding**
**Rationale:** The secondary structure of a protein is built by
hydrogen bonds between the carboxyl groups and amino groups on
the backbones of amino acids .
---
**5. Which level of protein structure is determined by the sequence
of amino acids?**
- A) Secondary structure
- B) Quaternary structure
- C) Tertiary structure
- D) Primary structure
**Answer: D) Primary structure**
, **Rationale:** The primary structure of a protein is simply the
sequence of amino acids held together by peptide bonds .
---
**6. An increase in beta-pleated sheet structure in brain proteins can
lead to amyloid deposit formation. What is the primary biochemical
process that follows this increase?**
- A) Increase in glycogen formation
- B) Aggregation of proteins in the brain
- C) Secretion of glucagon
- D) Increase in anaerobic metabolism
**Answer: B) Aggregation of proteins in the brain**
**Rationale:** Aggregation occurs when proteins clump together
inappropriately, causing plaques like amyloid deposits to accumulate.
This is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's .
---
**7. Which portion of an amino acid is the variable group that
determines its properties?**
**Answer:** The side chain (R group)
