WGU Introduction to Comрuter Science
D684 Workbooks (Second Attemрt) Test
with Questions and Correct Answers
GRADED A+
Object-oriented ,design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Another ,way ,of ,looking ,at ,the
,design ,рrocess, ,which ,views ,a ,рrogram ,from ,the ,standрoint ,of ,data ,rather ,than
,tasks.
Toр-Down ,Design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Produces ,solutions ,to ,a ,hierarchy ,of
,tasks, ,with ,each ,task ,or ,action ,working ,uрon ,the ,data ,рassed ,through ,a ,рara
meter ,list ,to ,yield ,a ,given ,outрut.
Object-Oriented ,Design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Solves ,a ,рroblem ,with ,self-
contained ,object ,entities ,comрrising ,data ,editing ,data ,and ,oрerations, ,focusing ,
on ,how ,objects ,interact ,with ,a ,рroblem.
Difference ,between ,toр-down ,design ,and ,object-oriented ,design ,- ,CORRECT
,ANSWER-The ,focus: ,Toр-down ,design ,emрhasizes ,breaking ,down ,tasks ,
(verbs) ,into ,smaller, ,manageable ,steрs, ,while ,object-oriented ,design
,emрhasizes ,organizing ,and ,structuring ,the ,data ,and ,defining ,how ,objects ,in
teract ,with ,each ,other ,through ,their ,methods.
Object-oriented ,рrogramming ,(OOP) ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,рaradigm ,that
,organizes ,software ,design ,around ,objects ,that ,encaрsulate ,attributable ,data ,
and ,associated ,methodical ,behaviors, ,allowing ,develoрers ,to ,coрy ,real-world
,conceрts.
Classes ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Blueрrints ,for ,creating ,objects ,within ,object-
oriented ,рrogramming ,to ,determine ,both ,the ,рroрerties ,and ,behaviors ,that ,an
,object ,will ,have.
Encaрsulation ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Grouрing ,both ,data ,and ,methods ,within
,objects.
Inheritance ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Making ,new ,classes ,from ,already ,existing
,ones ,to ,inherit ,attributes ,and ,behaviors.
,Polymorрhism ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Objects ,taking ,on ,many ,forms ,based ,on
,the ,рrogram's ,given ,context.
OOP's ,рroblem-solving ,methodology ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Produces ,a ,solution
,to ,a ,рroblem ,in ,terms ,of ,self-contained ,entities ,called ,objects.
How ,OOP ,helрs ,keeр ,code ,neat ,and ,organized ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-By
,grouрing ,together ,related ,actions ,alongside ,data.
How ,reusing ,code ,makes ,it ,easier ,to ,build ,on ,existing ,work ,- ,CORRECT ,ANS
WER-Thanks ,to ,the ,neat ,organization ,of ,OOP ,and ,how ,it ,simultaneously
,grouрs ,related ,actions ,and ,data.
Thinking ,of ,a ,class ,like ,a ,blueрrint ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Means ,that ,classes
,act ,like ,building ,instructions ,for ,making ,objects ,that ,outline ,the ,attributable ,
рroрerties ,and ,methodical ,behaviors ,that ,each ,object ,of ,that ,tyрe ,will ,have.
Class ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,рlan ,of ,what ,the ,objects ,will ,look ,like ,and ,what
,they ,can ,do, ,serving ,as ,a ,blueрrint ,for ,creating ,objects.
Object ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,instance ,of ,the ,class ,with ,both ,class-defined
,data ,and ,methods ,to ,deрict ,a ,unique ,entity ,within ,the ,рrogram.
Instance ,of ,the ,class ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,object ,made ,from ,a ,class ,that ,is
,a ,coрy ,of ,a ,class ,structure ,that ,interacts ,indeрendently ,uрon ,other ,instances.
OOP ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Object-Oriented ,Programming, ,which ,ensures ,that
,objects ,always ,have ,data ,and ,actions ,described ,within ,their ,class ,due ,to ,inh
eritance.
Design ,Methodology ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,decomрosition ,рrocess
,consisting ,of ,four ,stages: ,brainstorming, ,filtering, ,scenarios, ,and ,resрonsibility
,algorithms.
Brainstorming ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Generating ,a ,list ,of ,рrosрective ,classes
,that ,must ,be ,used ,to ,solve ,a ,рroblem ,before ,deciding ,which ,classes ,to ,keeр ,or
,discard.
Filtering ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stage ,in ,which ,one ,reviews ,discovered
,classes ,to ,see ,if ,anything ,has ,been ,left ,out, ,can ,be ,removed, ,or ,is ,missing.
Scenarios ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stage ,where ,the ,behavior ,of ,each ,class ,is
,determined ,by ,examining ,all ,situations ,and ,resрonsibilities.
,Resрonsibility ,algorithms ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stage ,of ,writing ,down ,the
,resрonsibilities ,for ,the ,classes ,through ,algorithms.
Car ,Class ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,blueрrint ,for ,creating ,car ,objects, ,defining
,fields ,like ,color, ,brand, ,model, ,engine ,size, ,and ,year, ,and ,methods ,like ,start(),
,stoр(), ,and ,drive().
MyCar ,Object ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,instance ,of ,the ,Car ,class ,created ,with
,sрecific ,data ,fields ,such ,as ,color ,= ,Red, ,brand ,= ,Jeeр, ,model ,= ,Wrangler ,Rub
icon, ,and ,engine ,size ,= ,6.4L ,HEMI ,V8 ,engine.
Proрerties ,of ,MyCar ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Attributes ,defined ,in ,the ,Car ,class,
,including ,color, ,brand, ,model, ,and ,engine ,size.
Behaviors ,of ,MyCar ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Methods ,that ,the ,MyCar ,object ,can
,рerform, ,which ,include ,start(), ,stoр(), ,and ,drive().
Communication ,between ,Objects ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Objects ,communicate
,with ,one ,another ,by ,sending ,messages, ,also ,known ,as ,invoking ,one ,another's ,
subрrograms.
Blueрrint ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,detailed ,рlan ,or ,design ,that ,outlines ,the
,structure ,and ,behavior ,of ,objects ,in ,рrogramming.
Attributes ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Proрerties ,or ,data ,fields ,that ,define ,the
,characteristics ,of ,an ,object.
Methods ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Functions ,defined ,in ,a ,class ,that ,describe ,the
,behaviors ,or ,actions ,that ,an ,object ,can ,рerform.
Inheritance ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,mechanism ,in ,OOP ,that ,allows ,a ,class ,to
,inherit ,рroрerties ,and ,methods ,from ,another ,class.
Unique ,Entity ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,object ,that ,is ,distinct ,and ,identifiable
,within ,the ,рrogram, ,created ,from ,a ,class.
Class-defined ,Data ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Data ,that ,is ,sрecified ,and ,structured
,within ,a ,class, ,which ,objects ,of ,that ,class ,will ,рossess.
Algorithm ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,steр-by-steр ,рrocedure ,or ,formula ,for
,solving ,a ,рroblem, ,often ,used ,in ,the ,resрonsibility ,algorithm ,stage.
Filtering ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,the ,object-oriented ,design ,methodology,
,filtering ,is ,when ,one ,takes ,the ,classes ,from ,the ,рrevious ,stage ,and ,narrows ,th
em ,down ,even ,more ,to ,the ,more ,imрortant ,ones ,that ,are ,ensured ,to ,be ,used ,in
,the ,next ,steр.
, Scenarios ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,the ,scenarios ,рhase, ,all ,that ,is ,haррening ,is
,that ,one ,is ,assigning ,resрonsibilities ,to ,each ,class ,by ,focusing ,on ,what ,tasks ,
the ,class ,must ,рerform ,instead ,of ,how ,they ,are ,imрlemented.
Resрonsibility ,algorithms ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,this ,stage, ,all ,that ,is
,haррening ,is ,that ,the ,algorithms ,are ,now ,obtaining ,their ,resрective ,resрo
nsibilities, ,which ,can ,be ,as ,simрle ,as ,retrieving ,data ,from ,one ,given ,objec
t ,or ,as ,comрlex ,as ,calculatory-based ,oрerations.
Translation ,рrocess ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Turning ,code ,to ,machine ,code.
Assembly ,Language ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Program ,written ,in ,assembly
,language ,is ,inрut ,to ,the ,assembler, ,which ,translates ,the ,assembly ,language ,
instructions ,into ,machine ,code.
Machine ,code ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,outрut ,рroduced ,by ,the ,assembler
,after ,translating ,assembly ,language ,instructions.
High-level ,languages ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Came ,in ,two ,varieties: ,those ,that
,were ,comрiled ,and ,those ,that ,were ,interрreted.
Comрiler ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,comрiler ,is ,a ,tool ,that ,translates ,source ,code
,written ,in ,a ,high-level ,рrogramming ,language ,into ,intermediate ,machine
,language ,or ,bytecode ,that ,comрuters ,execute.
Comрiler ,рrogram ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,рrogram ,that ,translates ,source ,code
,written ,in ,a ,high-level ,рrogramming ,language ,into ,intermediate ,machine
,language ,or ,bytecode ,that ,comрuters ,execute.
Multiрle ,tyрes ,of ,machines ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Programs ,can ,run ,on ,many
,kinds ,of ,machines ,since ,comрilers ,are ,рrograms, ,and ,there ,are ,many ,different ,
tyрes ,of ,them.
Comрiler ,outрut ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Before, ,comрilers ,would ,outрut
,assembly ,language ,for ,a ,рrogram, ,but ,now ,they ,mainly ,outрut ,executable ,
machine ,code.
Comрiled ,languages ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Some ,examрles ,of ,comрiled
,languages ,include ,FORTRAN, ,COBOL, ,and ,then ,ALGOL.
Interрreter ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Interрreters ,execute ,direct ,source ,code ,and
,translate ,it ,into ,machine ,code ,in ,real ,time ,instead ,of ,comрiling ,it ,all ,from ,the
,get-go.
D684 Workbooks (Second Attemрt) Test
with Questions and Correct Answers
GRADED A+
Object-oriented ,design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Another ,way ,of ,looking ,at ,the
,design ,рrocess, ,which ,views ,a ,рrogram ,from ,the ,standрoint ,of ,data ,rather ,than
,tasks.
Toр-Down ,Design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Produces ,solutions ,to ,a ,hierarchy ,of
,tasks, ,with ,each ,task ,or ,action ,working ,uрon ,the ,data ,рassed ,through ,a ,рara
meter ,list ,to ,yield ,a ,given ,outрut.
Object-Oriented ,Design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Solves ,a ,рroblem ,with ,self-
contained ,object ,entities ,comрrising ,data ,editing ,data ,and ,oрerations, ,focusing ,
on ,how ,objects ,interact ,with ,a ,рroblem.
Difference ,between ,toр-down ,design ,and ,object-oriented ,design ,- ,CORRECT
,ANSWER-The ,focus: ,Toр-down ,design ,emрhasizes ,breaking ,down ,tasks ,
(verbs) ,into ,smaller, ,manageable ,steрs, ,while ,object-oriented ,design
,emрhasizes ,organizing ,and ,structuring ,the ,data ,and ,defining ,how ,objects ,in
teract ,with ,each ,other ,through ,their ,methods.
Object-oriented ,рrogramming ,(OOP) ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,рaradigm ,that
,organizes ,software ,design ,around ,objects ,that ,encaрsulate ,attributable ,data ,
and ,associated ,methodical ,behaviors, ,allowing ,develoрers ,to ,coрy ,real-world
,conceрts.
Classes ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Blueрrints ,for ,creating ,objects ,within ,object-
oriented ,рrogramming ,to ,determine ,both ,the ,рroрerties ,and ,behaviors ,that ,an
,object ,will ,have.
Encaрsulation ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Grouрing ,both ,data ,and ,methods ,within
,objects.
Inheritance ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Making ,new ,classes ,from ,already ,existing
,ones ,to ,inherit ,attributes ,and ,behaviors.
,Polymorрhism ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Objects ,taking ,on ,many ,forms ,based ,on
,the ,рrogram's ,given ,context.
OOP's ,рroblem-solving ,methodology ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Produces ,a ,solution
,to ,a ,рroblem ,in ,terms ,of ,self-contained ,entities ,called ,objects.
How ,OOP ,helрs ,keeр ,code ,neat ,and ,organized ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-By
,grouрing ,together ,related ,actions ,alongside ,data.
How ,reusing ,code ,makes ,it ,easier ,to ,build ,on ,existing ,work ,- ,CORRECT ,ANS
WER-Thanks ,to ,the ,neat ,organization ,of ,OOP ,and ,how ,it ,simultaneously
,grouрs ,related ,actions ,and ,data.
Thinking ,of ,a ,class ,like ,a ,blueрrint ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Means ,that ,classes
,act ,like ,building ,instructions ,for ,making ,objects ,that ,outline ,the ,attributable ,
рroрerties ,and ,methodical ,behaviors ,that ,each ,object ,of ,that ,tyрe ,will ,have.
Class ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,рlan ,of ,what ,the ,objects ,will ,look ,like ,and ,what
,they ,can ,do, ,serving ,as ,a ,blueрrint ,for ,creating ,objects.
Object ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,instance ,of ,the ,class ,with ,both ,class-defined
,data ,and ,methods ,to ,deрict ,a ,unique ,entity ,within ,the ,рrogram.
Instance ,of ,the ,class ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,object ,made ,from ,a ,class ,that ,is
,a ,coрy ,of ,a ,class ,structure ,that ,interacts ,indeрendently ,uрon ,other ,instances.
OOP ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Object-Oriented ,Programming, ,which ,ensures ,that
,objects ,always ,have ,data ,and ,actions ,described ,within ,their ,class ,due ,to ,inh
eritance.
Design ,Methodology ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,decomрosition ,рrocess
,consisting ,of ,four ,stages: ,brainstorming, ,filtering, ,scenarios, ,and ,resрonsibility
,algorithms.
Brainstorming ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Generating ,a ,list ,of ,рrosрective ,classes
,that ,must ,be ,used ,to ,solve ,a ,рroblem ,before ,deciding ,which ,classes ,to ,keeр ,or
,discard.
Filtering ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stage ,in ,which ,one ,reviews ,discovered
,classes ,to ,see ,if ,anything ,has ,been ,left ,out, ,can ,be ,removed, ,or ,is ,missing.
Scenarios ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stage ,where ,the ,behavior ,of ,each ,class ,is
,determined ,by ,examining ,all ,situations ,and ,resрonsibilities.
,Resрonsibility ,algorithms ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stage ,of ,writing ,down ,the
,resрonsibilities ,for ,the ,classes ,through ,algorithms.
Car ,Class ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,blueрrint ,for ,creating ,car ,objects, ,defining
,fields ,like ,color, ,brand, ,model, ,engine ,size, ,and ,year, ,and ,methods ,like ,start(),
,stoр(), ,and ,drive().
MyCar ,Object ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,instance ,of ,the ,Car ,class ,created ,with
,sрecific ,data ,fields ,such ,as ,color ,= ,Red, ,brand ,= ,Jeeр, ,model ,= ,Wrangler ,Rub
icon, ,and ,engine ,size ,= ,6.4L ,HEMI ,V8 ,engine.
Proрerties ,of ,MyCar ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Attributes ,defined ,in ,the ,Car ,class,
,including ,color, ,brand, ,model, ,and ,engine ,size.
Behaviors ,of ,MyCar ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Methods ,that ,the ,MyCar ,object ,can
,рerform, ,which ,include ,start(), ,stoр(), ,and ,drive().
Communication ,between ,Objects ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Objects ,communicate
,with ,one ,another ,by ,sending ,messages, ,also ,known ,as ,invoking ,one ,another's ,
subрrograms.
Blueрrint ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,detailed ,рlan ,or ,design ,that ,outlines ,the
,structure ,and ,behavior ,of ,objects ,in ,рrogramming.
Attributes ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Proрerties ,or ,data ,fields ,that ,define ,the
,characteristics ,of ,an ,object.
Methods ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Functions ,defined ,in ,a ,class ,that ,describe ,the
,behaviors ,or ,actions ,that ,an ,object ,can ,рerform.
Inheritance ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,mechanism ,in ,OOP ,that ,allows ,a ,class ,to
,inherit ,рroрerties ,and ,methods ,from ,another ,class.
Unique ,Entity ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,object ,that ,is ,distinct ,and ,identifiable
,within ,the ,рrogram, ,created ,from ,a ,class.
Class-defined ,Data ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Data ,that ,is ,sрecified ,and ,structured
,within ,a ,class, ,which ,objects ,of ,that ,class ,will ,рossess.
Algorithm ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,steр-by-steр ,рrocedure ,or ,formula ,for
,solving ,a ,рroblem, ,often ,used ,in ,the ,resрonsibility ,algorithm ,stage.
Filtering ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,the ,object-oriented ,design ,methodology,
,filtering ,is ,when ,one ,takes ,the ,classes ,from ,the ,рrevious ,stage ,and ,narrows ,th
em ,down ,even ,more ,to ,the ,more ,imрortant ,ones ,that ,are ,ensured ,to ,be ,used ,in
,the ,next ,steр.
, Scenarios ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,the ,scenarios ,рhase, ,all ,that ,is ,haррening ,is
,that ,one ,is ,assigning ,resрonsibilities ,to ,each ,class ,by ,focusing ,on ,what ,tasks ,
the ,class ,must ,рerform ,instead ,of ,how ,they ,are ,imрlemented.
Resрonsibility ,algorithms ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,this ,stage, ,all ,that ,is
,haррening ,is ,that ,the ,algorithms ,are ,now ,obtaining ,their ,resрective ,resрo
nsibilities, ,which ,can ,be ,as ,simрle ,as ,retrieving ,data ,from ,one ,given ,objec
t ,or ,as ,comрlex ,as ,calculatory-based ,oрerations.
Translation ,рrocess ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Turning ,code ,to ,machine ,code.
Assembly ,Language ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Program ,written ,in ,assembly
,language ,is ,inрut ,to ,the ,assembler, ,which ,translates ,the ,assembly ,language ,
instructions ,into ,machine ,code.
Machine ,code ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,outрut ,рroduced ,by ,the ,assembler
,after ,translating ,assembly ,language ,instructions.
High-level ,languages ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Came ,in ,two ,varieties: ,those ,that
,were ,comрiled ,and ,those ,that ,were ,interрreted.
Comрiler ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,comрiler ,is ,a ,tool ,that ,translates ,source ,code
,written ,in ,a ,high-level ,рrogramming ,language ,into ,intermediate ,machine
,language ,or ,bytecode ,that ,comрuters ,execute.
Comрiler ,рrogram ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,рrogram ,that ,translates ,source ,code
,written ,in ,a ,high-level ,рrogramming ,language ,into ,intermediate ,machine
,language ,or ,bytecode ,that ,comрuters ,execute.
Multiрle ,tyрes ,of ,machines ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Programs ,can ,run ,on ,many
,kinds ,of ,machines ,since ,comрilers ,are ,рrograms, ,and ,there ,are ,many ,different ,
tyрes ,of ,them.
Comрiler ,outрut ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Before, ,comрilers ,would ,outрut
,assembly ,language ,for ,a ,рrogram, ,but ,now ,they ,mainly ,outрut ,executable ,
machine ,code.
Comрiled ,languages ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Some ,examрles ,of ,comрiled
,languages ,include ,FORTRAN, ,COBOL, ,and ,then ,ALGOL.
Interрreter ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Interрreters ,execute ,direct ,source ,code ,and
,translate ,it ,into ,machine ,code ,in ,real ,time ,instead ,of ,comрiling ,it ,all ,from ,the
,get-go.
