Unit 3 Practice Quiz
Nervous, Respiratory, Urinary, Cardiovascular, and GI Systems
1. A compound used in horses to prolong anesthesia but that has expectorant effects is
a. Dextromethorphan.
b. Guaifenesin.
c. Chloral hydrate.
d. Butorphanol.
Guaifenesin is a skeletal muscle relaxant used mainly in equine medicine to prolong activity of other
injectable anesthetics and promote muscle relaxation in anesthetized patients. It also has expectorant
properties and is used for this purpose on occasion. Chloral hydrate in combination with magnesium
sulfate was previously used as an intravenous anesthetic in large animals, but it's very rarely used due to
the potential for severe irritation if it leaks outside the vein. Dextromethorphan is an OTC cough
suppressant, and butorphanol is a synthetic opioid, partial agonist analgesic.
2. What’s a behavioral pharmacologic agent used to control anxiety and urine spraying that doesn’t
possess anticonvulsant or sedative effects?
a. Buspirone
b. Fluoxetine
c. Imipramine
d. Lorazepam
The azapirone drug buspirone, unlike benzodiazepines such as lorazepam, has antianxiety effects
without the muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant, or sedative effects. Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant
drug, and fluoxetine is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant.
3. As pet caregivers become more aware of the importance of animal dental care, more products
with a variety of methods to improve dental health are available. Which of the following methods
help reduce or prevent calculus buildup on teeth?
a. Chicken bones
b. Cow hooves
c. Ground canned food
d. Dry kibble
From the list, dry kibble is the best choice because it promotes a scraping action to help lessen plaque
buildup. Chicken bones, other bones, and hooves can damage or chip the teeth. Further, chicken bones
can cause intestinal injury. Wet food is less desirable than dry kibble because the food can get trapped
between and stick to teeth, causing more plaque buildup.
4. Surgery to remove an intestinal foreign body is to be performed in a two-year-old dog. Induction
of anesthesia will be achieved using a short-acting hypnotic, and isoflurane will be used to
maintain anesthesia. Which of the following corresponds to the compound for anesthetic
induction in this case?
a. Naloxone
b. Fentanyl
c. Propofol
d. Oxymorphone
Propofol is an alkylphenol derivative and short-acting hypnotic used for anesthetic induction before the
administration of inhalant anesthetics. Oxymorphone is an opioid agonist used for diagnostic and minor
surgical procedures and as a form of chemical restraint. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse
opioid action, and fentanyl is a potent opioid analgesic drug.
, 5. A six-month-old dog has had diarrhea for two days and shows signs of mild dehydration. The dog
was prescribed the narcotic diphenoxylate. What's a possible adverse effect that can occur with
this antidiarrheal agent?
a. CNS excitement
b. Intussusception
c. Vomiting
d. Constipation
Diphenoxylate (known as the brand name Lomotil) enhances liquid absorption, slows the gastrointestinal
tract, and reduces intestinal secretions. These same effects can lead to unintended constipation.
Excitement can be seen in cats and horses treated with this drug, but sedation can occur in dogs.
6. Chronic renal failure is associated with a reduction in erythropoietin production, which is
necessary to stimulate red blood cell production by the bone marrow.
a. Zinc
b. Vitamin K
c. Testosterone enanthate
d. Calcium
Testosterone enanthate and nandrolone are parenteral androgens that can increase erythropoietin levels
and stimulate the production of red blood cell precursors. Vitamin K and calcium are essential for blood
clotting. Zinc is important in white blood cell production.
7. Chlorpromazine is phenothiazine-derivative that blocks dopamine in the chemoreceptor trigger
zone (CRTZ). What clinical sign can be relieved with this drug?
a. Diarrhea
b. Gastric atony
c. Vomiting
d. Urinary incontinence
Phenothiazine-derivative antiemetics block dopamine receptors in the CRTZ of the brainstem and can be
used to treat motion sickness in dogs and cats.
8. What are two primary goals of dietary management of heart disease in animals?
a. Dietary potassium restriction and weight control
b. Carbohydrate supplementation and potassium supplementation
c. Dietary sodium restriction and weight control
d. Dietary protein reduction and carbohydrate reduction
The main goals of dietary management of heart disease are reduction of sodium intake and
maintenance of a healthy weight. Other goals are correcting vitamin and mineral deficiencies, fixing
electrolyte imbalances, and treating other diseases that are present.
9. Xylazine is a common anesthetic used in dogs that can cause vomiting. What's the autonomic
nervous system mechanism of the antidote for xylazine overdose?
a. Alpha-adrenergic antagonist
b. Alpha-adrenergic agonist
c. Beta-adrenergic antagonist
d. Beta-adrenergic agonist
Yohimbine is an antidote for xylazine toxicity and is an alpha-adrenergic blocker.
Nervous, Respiratory, Urinary, Cardiovascular, and GI Systems
1. A compound used in horses to prolong anesthesia but that has expectorant effects is
a. Dextromethorphan.
b. Guaifenesin.
c. Chloral hydrate.
d. Butorphanol.
Guaifenesin is a skeletal muscle relaxant used mainly in equine medicine to prolong activity of other
injectable anesthetics and promote muscle relaxation in anesthetized patients. It also has expectorant
properties and is used for this purpose on occasion. Chloral hydrate in combination with magnesium
sulfate was previously used as an intravenous anesthetic in large animals, but it's very rarely used due to
the potential for severe irritation if it leaks outside the vein. Dextromethorphan is an OTC cough
suppressant, and butorphanol is a synthetic opioid, partial agonist analgesic.
2. What’s a behavioral pharmacologic agent used to control anxiety and urine spraying that doesn’t
possess anticonvulsant or sedative effects?
a. Buspirone
b. Fluoxetine
c. Imipramine
d. Lorazepam
The azapirone drug buspirone, unlike benzodiazepines such as lorazepam, has antianxiety effects
without the muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant, or sedative effects. Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant
drug, and fluoxetine is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant.
3. As pet caregivers become more aware of the importance of animal dental care, more products
with a variety of methods to improve dental health are available. Which of the following methods
help reduce or prevent calculus buildup on teeth?
a. Chicken bones
b. Cow hooves
c. Ground canned food
d. Dry kibble
From the list, dry kibble is the best choice because it promotes a scraping action to help lessen plaque
buildup. Chicken bones, other bones, and hooves can damage or chip the teeth. Further, chicken bones
can cause intestinal injury. Wet food is less desirable than dry kibble because the food can get trapped
between and stick to teeth, causing more plaque buildup.
4. Surgery to remove an intestinal foreign body is to be performed in a two-year-old dog. Induction
of anesthesia will be achieved using a short-acting hypnotic, and isoflurane will be used to
maintain anesthesia. Which of the following corresponds to the compound for anesthetic
induction in this case?
a. Naloxone
b. Fentanyl
c. Propofol
d. Oxymorphone
Propofol is an alkylphenol derivative and short-acting hypnotic used for anesthetic induction before the
administration of inhalant anesthetics. Oxymorphone is an opioid agonist used for diagnostic and minor
surgical procedures and as a form of chemical restraint. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse
opioid action, and fentanyl is a potent opioid analgesic drug.
, 5. A six-month-old dog has had diarrhea for two days and shows signs of mild dehydration. The dog
was prescribed the narcotic diphenoxylate. What's a possible adverse effect that can occur with
this antidiarrheal agent?
a. CNS excitement
b. Intussusception
c. Vomiting
d. Constipation
Diphenoxylate (known as the brand name Lomotil) enhances liquid absorption, slows the gastrointestinal
tract, and reduces intestinal secretions. These same effects can lead to unintended constipation.
Excitement can be seen in cats and horses treated with this drug, but sedation can occur in dogs.
6. Chronic renal failure is associated with a reduction in erythropoietin production, which is
necessary to stimulate red blood cell production by the bone marrow.
a. Zinc
b. Vitamin K
c. Testosterone enanthate
d. Calcium
Testosterone enanthate and nandrolone are parenteral androgens that can increase erythropoietin levels
and stimulate the production of red blood cell precursors. Vitamin K and calcium are essential for blood
clotting. Zinc is important in white blood cell production.
7. Chlorpromazine is phenothiazine-derivative that blocks dopamine in the chemoreceptor trigger
zone (CRTZ). What clinical sign can be relieved with this drug?
a. Diarrhea
b. Gastric atony
c. Vomiting
d. Urinary incontinence
Phenothiazine-derivative antiemetics block dopamine receptors in the CRTZ of the brainstem and can be
used to treat motion sickness in dogs and cats.
8. What are two primary goals of dietary management of heart disease in animals?
a. Dietary potassium restriction and weight control
b. Carbohydrate supplementation and potassium supplementation
c. Dietary sodium restriction and weight control
d. Dietary protein reduction and carbohydrate reduction
The main goals of dietary management of heart disease are reduction of sodium intake and
maintenance of a healthy weight. Other goals are correcting vitamin and mineral deficiencies, fixing
electrolyte imbalances, and treating other diseases that are present.
9. Xylazine is a common anesthetic used in dogs that can cause vomiting. What's the autonomic
nervous system mechanism of the antidote for xylazine overdose?
a. Alpha-adrenergic antagonist
b. Alpha-adrenergic agonist
c. Beta-adrenergic antagonist
d. Beta-adrenergic agonist
Yohimbine is an antidote for xylazine toxicity and is an alpha-adrenergic blocker.
