GEOL 109 Exam 2 Questions And Answers Fully Solved.

Mars and Mercury differ substantially in what way(s)? Choose all that apply. A. The compositions of their atmospheres. B. Their densitites. C. The sizes of their cores. D. Their surface temperatures. E. The strength of their gravity fields. - correct answers A-D Would you be surprised if tomorrows newspaper reported an active volcano on Mercury? - correct answers Yes, that is not expected to happen today What causes important differences between craters on the Moon and those on Mercury? - correct answers Different gravitational attractions on each planet What do thermal models of Mercury's evolution suggest about its history? - correct answers That it developed a metallic core early in its history. The oldest types of terrains on both the Moon and on Mercury are... - correct answers heavily cratered terrains Which of the following are found on the moon and Mercury? A. Flood lavas B. Dunes C. Multiring basins D. Impact craters E. Faults related to contraction - correct answers A, C, D, E Review Lesson 16 quiz - correct answers Which of the following tectonic processes are though to have happened on Mercury? A. thrust faulting B. Subduction of lithosphere C. Isostatic adjustments D. Graben formation - correct answers A, C, D What are two possible explanations for Mercury's large iron core? - correct answers 1. Formed near the Sun so it is rich in refractory elements like Iron 2. A large impact stripped away a silicate shell from an already differentiated Mercury Review Lesson 17 quiz. - correct answers Although both Mars and Mercury haves similar gravity fields, Mars has an atmosphere whereas Mercury does not. What is a possible explanation? - correct answers Mars is more volatile rich What planetary body has no magnetic field today? - correct answers Mars What are some differences between the two Martian hemispheres? - correct answers Age Number of young volcanoes and plains Elevations Number of impact craters What is evidence for ground ice on Mars? - correct answers FLuidized crater-ejecta patterns Chaotic plains Martian valley networks are... - correct answers Restricted in occurrence to the oldest parts of Mars The outflow channels on Mars are different from river systems on Earth in what way? - correct answers They appear to come from below the surface and lack extensive collection systems The largest dune fields on Mars are in... - correct answers the polar regions Why does Mars lack a well-integrated hydrologic system? - correct answers It is too cold Which of these geologic features are not found on all of the following planets - Mercury, Mars, and Earth? (Choose all that apply) A. Impact craters B. Tectonic landforms C. Sand dunes D. Volcanoes E. River valleys - correct answers C and E Study Lesson 18 quiz - correct answers What is the Tharsis "bulge"? - correct answers A large dome that was associated with the development of an extensive fracture system. Graben formation is usually associated with which process? - correct answers LITHOSPHERIC extension Which features of Mars indicate a distinctive geologic process that doesn't operate on Mercury or the Moon? - correct answers Domal upwarps of the lithosphere and associated fractures caused by mantle plumes. Note the long light-toned feature that extends diagonally across this image on Mars. Which phrase(s) best describe its possible origin? Viscious lava flow Low viscosity lava flor basaltic lava flow landslide tongue Silicic lava flow Glacier - correct answers Basaltic lava flow Review Lesson 19 quiz - correct answers What is the probably origin of the smooth plains in the Northern Hemisphere of Mars? - correct answers Depression probably started as a giant impact crater that covered half the planet. Sediment from temporary seas smoothed it out. Review Lesson 20 - correct answers Does Mars have a plate tectonics system? - correct answers Nope What caused that mound on mars? - correct answers 1. Development of shield volcano 2. Eruption of lava plains 3. extensional tectonics 4. Formation of rampant crater Which of the following statements about Venus is(are) true? Choose all that apply. A. The diameter of Venus is almost the same as that of Earth. B. It is the only planet without a natural satellite. C. The atmospheric gases create a large Greenhouse effect. D. Venus is heavily cratered like the moon. - correct answers A and C Review Lesson 21 - correct answers Conditions on Venus are such that which of the following are true? 1. Pure lead would be a liquid on its surface. 2. Most of the CO2 is trapped in limestone. 3. Precipitation of water as rain occurs. 4. Sulfuric acid drops from the sky to cause intense weathering of rocks on the surface. 5. The pressure is about 90 times that of Earth. - correct answers 1 and 5 Large amounts of water (as gas or liquid) on Venus... - correct answers have probably been lost to space and by combination with surface materials. Impact craters on Venus that are larger than about 30 km in diameter are... - correct answers not common because of the planet's dynamic interior and young surface. Review lesson 22. - correct answers Review lesson 23 - correct answers What is the approximate age of the surface of Venus? - correct answers .5 billion years. Much younger than any of the Moon's major terranes. Does Venus lack a plate tectonic system like the Earth? (mark all that apply) A. No, the high surface temp. may prevent the lithosphere from becoming dense enough to subduct back into the mantle B. No, Venus may lack a shallow asthenosphere C. No, Venus is water-poor which makes the melting point of the mantle higher than on Earth D. No, Venus is dominated by mantle plume convection instead. E. Yes. Venus and the Earth both have a system of plate tectonics - correct answers A-D Why is the history of Venus so different from that of Mars? - correct answers Venus is significantly larger than Mars and cooled slowly. What would have happened on Venus if it had been cool enough for liquid water to form? - correct answers Carbonate minerals may have formed in the water and removed the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. It is very possible that Venus once had more water today and has lost it to space over the millenia. - correct answers True Which gas was most efficiently removed from the Earth's atmosphere since the advent of life? - correct answers Carbon Dioxide Take lesson 25 quiz - correct answers What event drastically modified Earth's geologic history about 3.5 billion years ago? - correct answers Advent of life Karst topography is produced... - correct answers because limestone is relatively soluble in water Considering the ways it forms, deforms, and crystallizes, glacial ice can be considered to be which of the following? - correct answers A metamorphic rock How thick is Earth's lithosphere? - correct answers Between about 10 and 200 km thick Which of the following is not usually associated with a terrestrial subduction zone? A. trench B. one lithospheric plate moving under another C. Andesite/stratovolcanoes D. basaltic shield volcanoes - correct answers D The Earth's oceanic crust is composed mostly of - correct answers igneous rocks of basaltic composition Which of the following are true about mid-ocean ridges? (all that apply) A. Site of deep earthquakes B. equivalent of a subduction zone C. sit of production of oceanic crust D. Becomes progressively younger toward Iceland E. has abundant extensional normal faults - correct answers C and E On Earth, lithospheric plates converge at which plate boundary? - correct answers Subduction zones Where are the oldest rocks on Earth found? - correct answers In its continental shields Why did continents develop on Earth and not on the Moon, Mercury, or Mars? - correct answers Only Earth has subduction zones Review lesson 26 - correct answers Review Lesson 27 - correct answers Review Lesson 28 - correct answers What are some of the main reasons Venus and Earth have such different histories? - correct answers Venus was hot enough that liquid water never precipitated on its surface to make oceans.