HESI PEDIATRIC exam Question and Answer
(2026/2027) | Real Recently Tested
Questions | A+ Verified
• The mother of a six-year-old child arrives at the clinic because the child has been
experiencing red and swollen eyes. The nurse notes a discharge from the eyes and
sends a culture to the lab. Chlamydia conjunctivitis is diagnosed. On the basis of this
diagnosis, the nurse determines that which requires further investigation?
(A) Possible trauma to the eye
(B) Possible sexual abuse
(C) Presence of an allergy
(D) Presence of a respiratory infection -✓✓ (B) Possible sexual abuse
-Chlamydia is sexual transmitted disease. The diagnosis of chlamydia in a child not
sexually active should signal the health care provider to assess the signs of possible
sexual abuse
• The school nurse determines a group of young women are in early adolescents based
on the following observation. All of the women:
(A) Have decided on their career path
(B) Are dressed in the same-style clothes and have the same hair style
(C) Broke curfew by staying out late at a party they went to
(D) Brag about drinking beer when their parents were at work -✓✓ (B) Peer identity is
important at this age
• The nurse is watching two siblings, ages 7 and 9 years of age, verbally arguing over a
toy. The nurse has counseled the parents before about how to handle the situation. The
nurse should judge that the teaching has been effective when the parent takes which
action?
(A) Tell the siblings to stop arguing and shake hands
(B) Ignores the arguing and continues what she is doing
(C) Tells the children they will be punished when they go home
(D) Says they will not go out to lunch now since they have argued -✓✓ (B) The best
approach by the mother is not to interfere. The children need to learn how to solve
disagreements on their own. If the parents always intervenes, when the children do not
learn how to do this
• The nurse is caring for a newborn with a suspected diagnosis of imperforated anus.
Which clinical manifestation is associated with this defect?
(A) Bile-stained fecal emesis
(B) The passage of current jelly stools
(C) Failure to pass meconium stool in the first 24 hours after birth
(D) Sausage-shaped mass in the upper right quadrant -✓✓ (C) This is a defect where
incomplete development or absence of the anus
, • Which drug may be given to newborns to close the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)? -
✓✓ Indomethacin (prostaglandin inhibitor)
• Which drug may be given to newborns to keep the ductus arteriosus (PDA) open until
surgery can be performed? -✓✓ Prostaglandin E
• After receiving change of shift report, which patient should you assess first?
(A) An 18-month-old with coarcation of the aorta who has decreased pedal pulses
(B) A 3-year-old with rheumatic fever who reports severe knee pain
(C) A 5-year-old with endocarditis who has crackles throughout both lungs
(D) An 8-year-old with Kawasaki's disease who has a fever of 102.2 -✓✓ (C) Crackles
through the lungs indicate the child has left ventricular failure as a complication of
endocarditis. Hypoxemia is likely, so the child needs a rapid respiratory assessment,
possible administration of oxygen. The other children should be assessed as quickly as
possible, but are not experiencing life-threatening complications
• An infant is born with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and surgery is planned to correct
the defect. The nurse recognizes that surgical correction is designed to achieve which
outcome?
(A) Stop the flow of deoxygenated blood into systemic circulation
(B) Increase the flow of deoxygenated blood to the lungs
(C) Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs
(D) Reduce peripheral tissue hypoxia and nail bed clubbing -✓✓ (C)
• The nurse would suggest genetic counseling for each of the following except:
(A) Sickle cell anemia
(B) B-thalassemia
(C) Hemophilia A
(D) Henoch-Schonlein purpura -✓✓ (D) This is an inflammation of the small blood
vessels of the skin, joints, bowels, and kidneys and is common in children. However, it
is not genetic
• What priority assessment should the nurse perform before administering the IV
solution 5% dextrose and 0.9% NS with 20 mEq KLC / liter in a child with hypotonic
dehydration?
(A) Weight
(B) Temperature
(C) Blood pressure
(D) Urine output -✓✓ (D) Potassium should never be administered in the presence of
oliguria or anuria or if the urine output is less than 1-2 mL/kg per hour
• An 11-month-old is admitted to the hospital with severe diarrhea. The nurse explains
to the infant's mother that diarrhea is best defined on the basis of which?
(A) Odor of the stool
(B) Amount of the stool
(2026/2027) | Real Recently Tested
Questions | A+ Verified
• The mother of a six-year-old child arrives at the clinic because the child has been
experiencing red and swollen eyes. The nurse notes a discharge from the eyes and
sends a culture to the lab. Chlamydia conjunctivitis is diagnosed. On the basis of this
diagnosis, the nurse determines that which requires further investigation?
(A) Possible trauma to the eye
(B) Possible sexual abuse
(C) Presence of an allergy
(D) Presence of a respiratory infection -✓✓ (B) Possible sexual abuse
-Chlamydia is sexual transmitted disease. The diagnosis of chlamydia in a child not
sexually active should signal the health care provider to assess the signs of possible
sexual abuse
• The school nurse determines a group of young women are in early adolescents based
on the following observation. All of the women:
(A) Have decided on their career path
(B) Are dressed in the same-style clothes and have the same hair style
(C) Broke curfew by staying out late at a party they went to
(D) Brag about drinking beer when their parents were at work -✓✓ (B) Peer identity is
important at this age
• The nurse is watching two siblings, ages 7 and 9 years of age, verbally arguing over a
toy. The nurse has counseled the parents before about how to handle the situation. The
nurse should judge that the teaching has been effective when the parent takes which
action?
(A) Tell the siblings to stop arguing and shake hands
(B) Ignores the arguing and continues what she is doing
(C) Tells the children they will be punished when they go home
(D) Says they will not go out to lunch now since they have argued -✓✓ (B) The best
approach by the mother is not to interfere. The children need to learn how to solve
disagreements on their own. If the parents always intervenes, when the children do not
learn how to do this
• The nurse is caring for a newborn with a suspected diagnosis of imperforated anus.
Which clinical manifestation is associated with this defect?
(A) Bile-stained fecal emesis
(B) The passage of current jelly stools
(C) Failure to pass meconium stool in the first 24 hours after birth
(D) Sausage-shaped mass in the upper right quadrant -✓✓ (C) This is a defect where
incomplete development or absence of the anus
, • Which drug may be given to newborns to close the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)? -
✓✓ Indomethacin (prostaglandin inhibitor)
• Which drug may be given to newborns to keep the ductus arteriosus (PDA) open until
surgery can be performed? -✓✓ Prostaglandin E
• After receiving change of shift report, which patient should you assess first?
(A) An 18-month-old with coarcation of the aorta who has decreased pedal pulses
(B) A 3-year-old with rheumatic fever who reports severe knee pain
(C) A 5-year-old with endocarditis who has crackles throughout both lungs
(D) An 8-year-old with Kawasaki's disease who has a fever of 102.2 -✓✓ (C) Crackles
through the lungs indicate the child has left ventricular failure as a complication of
endocarditis. Hypoxemia is likely, so the child needs a rapid respiratory assessment,
possible administration of oxygen. The other children should be assessed as quickly as
possible, but are not experiencing life-threatening complications
• An infant is born with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and surgery is planned to correct
the defect. The nurse recognizes that surgical correction is designed to achieve which
outcome?
(A) Stop the flow of deoxygenated blood into systemic circulation
(B) Increase the flow of deoxygenated blood to the lungs
(C) Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs
(D) Reduce peripheral tissue hypoxia and nail bed clubbing -✓✓ (C)
• The nurse would suggest genetic counseling for each of the following except:
(A) Sickle cell anemia
(B) B-thalassemia
(C) Hemophilia A
(D) Henoch-Schonlein purpura -✓✓ (D) This is an inflammation of the small blood
vessels of the skin, joints, bowels, and kidneys and is common in children. However, it
is not genetic
• What priority assessment should the nurse perform before administering the IV
solution 5% dextrose and 0.9% NS with 20 mEq KLC / liter in a child with hypotonic
dehydration?
(A) Weight
(B) Temperature
(C) Blood pressure
(D) Urine output -✓✓ (D) Potassium should never be administered in the presence of
oliguria or anuria or if the urine output is less than 1-2 mL/kg per hour
• An 11-month-old is admitted to the hospital with severe diarrhea. The nurse explains
to the infant's mother that diarrhea is best defined on the basis of which?
(A) Odor of the stool
(B) Amount of the stool
