[EVOLVE HESI FUNDAMENTALS VERSION 1,2& 3 ACTUAL EXAM] – EXAM-STYLE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
| VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES | GUARANTEED PASS | 2026/27 LATEST
UPDATE | EXAM PREP | STUDY GUIDE | PRACTICE TEST
1. A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding to a client via a nasogastric tube. Which action
should the nurse take first to verify tube placement?
A. Aspirate gastric contents and check the pH.
B. Measure the length of the exposed tubing.
C. Inject 20 mL of air and listen for a gurgle over the epigastric area.
D. Assess the client for signs of respiratory distress.
Correct Answer: A. Aspirate gastric contents and check the pH.
Rationale: The most reliable non-radiologic method to verify nasogastric tube placement is to aspirate gastric
contents and check the pH, which should be between 0 and 4 if the tube is in the stomach. While auscultation
(C) is no longer considered a reliable method, measuring the tube length (B) provides a baseline but does not
confirm placement. Assessing for respiratory distress (D) is important for identifying complications but does not
confirm placement.
2. A client with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus is learning about self-care management.
Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching regarding foot care?
A. "I will wash my feet daily with lukewarm water and mild soap."
B. "I will test the temperature of the bath water with my hand before getting in."
,C. "I will walk barefoot only in my house to allow my feet to air out."
D. "I will apply a moisturizing lotion to the tops and bottoms of my feet, but not between my toes."
Correct Answer: C. "I will walk barefoot only in my house to allow my feet to air out."
Rationale: Clients with diabetes should never walk barefoot, even indoors, due to the risk of injury and infection
from decreased sensation. Option A is a correct practice. Option B is correct to prevent burns due to neuropathy.
Option D is correct to prevent skin cracking, but lotion should not be applied between toes to avoid fungal
growth.
3. A nurse is assessing an older adult client who reports experiencing frequent episodes of dizziness when
getting out of bed. Which intervention is most appropriate for the nurse to teach the client?
A. Change positions slowly while sitting on the edge of the bed for a few minutes.
B. Increase intake of fluids containing caffeine to stimulate circulation.
C. Wear elastic compression stockings during the day to improve venous return.
D. Perform range-of-motion exercises before standing to increase muscle tone.
Correct Answer: A. Change positions slowly while sitting on the edge of the bed for a few minutes.
Rationale: The client is describing symptoms of orthostatic hypotension. The priority intervention is to prevent a
fall by changing positions slowly and allowing time for blood pressure to stabilize before standing. Increasing
caffeine (B) is not a standard recommendation and can lead to other issues. Compression stockings (C) are
beneficial but not the immediate intervention for dizziness upon awakening. Range-of-motion exercises (D)
may help general circulation but are not the most direct response to orthostatic hypotension.
,4. A nurse is calculating the intake and output for a client over an 8-hour shift. The client consumed 240
mL of broth, 120 mL of apple juice, and 300 mL of water. The client also received 500 mL of intravenous
fluids. The total output from the Foley catheter was 850 mL. What is the client's net fluid balance?
A. -190 mL
B. +310 mL
C. +190 mL
D. -310 mL
Correct Answer: B. +310 mL
Rationale: Total intake is 240 mL (broth) + 120 mL ( juice) + 300 mL (water) + 500 mL (IV) = 1160 mL. Total
output is 850 mL. Net fluid balance is calculated as Intake – Output, which is 1160 – 850 = +310 mL. This
represents a positive net fluid balance.
5. A nurse is caring for a client postoperatively who is experiencing nausea and vomiting. Which action
should the nurse take first?
A. Administer the prescribed antiemetic medication.
B. Notify the healthcare provider of the client's symptoms.
C. Place the client in a side-lying position.
D. Offer the client a small amount of clear liquid.
Correct Answer: C. Place the client in a side-lying position.
Rationale: The priority is to protect the client's airway and prevent aspiration. Placing the client in a side-lying
, (lateral recumbent) position is the first and most crucial action. Administering an antiemetic (A) and notifying
the provider (B) are subsequent steps. Offering clear liquids (D) is contraindicated while the client is actively
nauseated and vomiting.
6. The nurse is preparing to administer a medication that is supplied as an enteric-coated tablet. Which
action is correct?
A. Crush the tablet and mix it with a small amount of applesauce.
B. Split the tablet to ensure an accurate dose.
C. Administer the tablet whole with a full glass of water.
D. Dissolve the tablet in 30 mL of water before administration.
Correct Answer: C. Administer the tablet whole with a full glass of water.
Rationale: Enteric-coated tablets are designed to dissolve in the intestine to prevent gastric irritation or to
protect the medication from gastric acid. They should not be crushed, split, or dissolved, as this destroys the
protective coating and may lead to an inaccurate dose or adverse effects.
7. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for a metered-dose inhaler
(MDI). Which client action indicates proper use of the device?
A. The client exhales rapidly immediately after pressing down on the canister.
B. The client holds the MDI with the mouthpiece pointing downward.
C. The client shakes the inhaler vigorously for 1 to 2 seconds before use.
D. The client begins inhaling slowly before pressing down on the canister.
| VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES | GUARANTEED PASS | 2026/27 LATEST
UPDATE | EXAM PREP | STUDY GUIDE | PRACTICE TEST
1. A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding to a client via a nasogastric tube. Which action
should the nurse take first to verify tube placement?
A. Aspirate gastric contents and check the pH.
B. Measure the length of the exposed tubing.
C. Inject 20 mL of air and listen for a gurgle over the epigastric area.
D. Assess the client for signs of respiratory distress.
Correct Answer: A. Aspirate gastric contents and check the pH.
Rationale: The most reliable non-radiologic method to verify nasogastric tube placement is to aspirate gastric
contents and check the pH, which should be between 0 and 4 if the tube is in the stomach. While auscultation
(C) is no longer considered a reliable method, measuring the tube length (B) provides a baseline but does not
confirm placement. Assessing for respiratory distress (D) is important for identifying complications but does not
confirm placement.
2. A client with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus is learning about self-care management.
Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching regarding foot care?
A. "I will wash my feet daily with lukewarm water and mild soap."
B. "I will test the temperature of the bath water with my hand before getting in."
,C. "I will walk barefoot only in my house to allow my feet to air out."
D. "I will apply a moisturizing lotion to the tops and bottoms of my feet, but not between my toes."
Correct Answer: C. "I will walk barefoot only in my house to allow my feet to air out."
Rationale: Clients with diabetes should never walk barefoot, even indoors, due to the risk of injury and infection
from decreased sensation. Option A is a correct practice. Option B is correct to prevent burns due to neuropathy.
Option D is correct to prevent skin cracking, but lotion should not be applied between toes to avoid fungal
growth.
3. A nurse is assessing an older adult client who reports experiencing frequent episodes of dizziness when
getting out of bed. Which intervention is most appropriate for the nurse to teach the client?
A. Change positions slowly while sitting on the edge of the bed for a few minutes.
B. Increase intake of fluids containing caffeine to stimulate circulation.
C. Wear elastic compression stockings during the day to improve venous return.
D. Perform range-of-motion exercises before standing to increase muscle tone.
Correct Answer: A. Change positions slowly while sitting on the edge of the bed for a few minutes.
Rationale: The client is describing symptoms of orthostatic hypotension. The priority intervention is to prevent a
fall by changing positions slowly and allowing time for blood pressure to stabilize before standing. Increasing
caffeine (B) is not a standard recommendation and can lead to other issues. Compression stockings (C) are
beneficial but not the immediate intervention for dizziness upon awakening. Range-of-motion exercises (D)
may help general circulation but are not the most direct response to orthostatic hypotension.
,4. A nurse is calculating the intake and output for a client over an 8-hour shift. The client consumed 240
mL of broth, 120 mL of apple juice, and 300 mL of water. The client also received 500 mL of intravenous
fluids. The total output from the Foley catheter was 850 mL. What is the client's net fluid balance?
A. -190 mL
B. +310 mL
C. +190 mL
D. -310 mL
Correct Answer: B. +310 mL
Rationale: Total intake is 240 mL (broth) + 120 mL ( juice) + 300 mL (water) + 500 mL (IV) = 1160 mL. Total
output is 850 mL. Net fluid balance is calculated as Intake – Output, which is 1160 – 850 = +310 mL. This
represents a positive net fluid balance.
5. A nurse is caring for a client postoperatively who is experiencing nausea and vomiting. Which action
should the nurse take first?
A. Administer the prescribed antiemetic medication.
B. Notify the healthcare provider of the client's symptoms.
C. Place the client in a side-lying position.
D. Offer the client a small amount of clear liquid.
Correct Answer: C. Place the client in a side-lying position.
Rationale: The priority is to protect the client's airway and prevent aspiration. Placing the client in a side-lying
, (lateral recumbent) position is the first and most crucial action. Administering an antiemetic (A) and notifying
the provider (B) are subsequent steps. Offering clear liquids (D) is contraindicated while the client is actively
nauseated and vomiting.
6. The nurse is preparing to administer a medication that is supplied as an enteric-coated tablet. Which
action is correct?
A. Crush the tablet and mix it with a small amount of applesauce.
B. Split the tablet to ensure an accurate dose.
C. Administer the tablet whole with a full glass of water.
D. Dissolve the tablet in 30 mL of water before administration.
Correct Answer: C. Administer the tablet whole with a full glass of water.
Rationale: Enteric-coated tablets are designed to dissolve in the intestine to prevent gastric irritation or to
protect the medication from gastric acid. They should not be crushed, split, or dissolved, as this destroys the
protective coating and may lead to an inaccurate dose or adverse effects.
7. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for a metered-dose inhaler
(MDI). Which client action indicates proper use of the device?
A. The client exhales rapidly immediately after pressing down on the canister.
B. The client holds the MDI with the mouthpiece pointing downward.
C. The client shakes the inhaler vigorously for 1 to 2 seconds before use.
D. The client begins inhaling slowly before pressing down on the canister.
