WSET DIPLOMA D1 2026 COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE WITH WINE BUSINESS AND GLOBAL
WINE TRADE REVIEW
◉ Four main sections of a grape vine.
Answer: the main shoots, one-year-old wood, permanent wood and
the roots
◉ What comprises the canopy of a vine.
Answer: The main shoots and all of their major structures - stem,
buds, leaves, lateral shoots, tendrils and inflorescences/grape
bunches
◉ What do the main shoots grow from, and when.
Answer: The main shoots on the vine grow in spring from buds
retained from the previous year
◉ Where are carbohydrates stored in a vine?.
Answer: Stems, trunks, roots
◉ Define lignify.
,Answer: Green shoots become woody and rigid, they are then called
canes
◉ Where do buds form?.
Answer: between the leaf stalk (petiole) and the stem
◉ Define the two types of buds.
Answer: - Compound buds (form in one growing season and break
open the following growing season, producing main shoots; typically
a primary, secondary, and maybe tertiary)- Prompt buds (form and
break open same season, form lateral shoots)
- Prompt buds (form and break open same season, form lateral
shoots)
◉ What is the main function of lateral shoots? When are they
desirable/undesirable?.
Answer: - to allow the plant to carry on growing if the tip of the main
shoot has been damaged or eaten
- can provide an additional source of leaves for photosynthesis
(useful if the laterals are near the ends of the main shoots)
◉ What is second crop?.
Answer: Lateral shoots often produce inflorescences, which can be
known as a 'second crop'
,- Growth of laterals nearer the base of the main shoot can be
undesirable as they impede air flow and can shade the fruit too
much
◉ What is green harvesting?.
Answer: Removal of second crop during summer
◉ Define one-year-old wood.
Answer: the main shoots from the last growing season that were
kept at pruning, supports compound buds; cane or spur
◉ Define permanent wood.
Answer: woody parts of the vine that are older than one year,
including the trunk
◉ where are most roots found?.
Answer: top 50cm of soil
◉ what distinguishes PN clone 115?.
Answer: low yield, small grapes, good for high quality of red wines
◉ what distinguishes PN clone 521?.
, Answer: high yield, bigger grapes, good for sparkling wine
production
◉ When is leaf fall and dormancy?.
Answer: Nov-March
◉ When is budburst?.
Answer: March-April
◉ When is shoot and leaf growth?.
Answer: March-July
◉ When is flowering and fruit set?.
Answer: May-June
◉ When is grape development?.
Answer: June-Oct
◉ When is harvest?.
Answer: Sept-Oct
◉ How does the vine support itself during dormancy?.
GUIDE WITH WINE BUSINESS AND GLOBAL
WINE TRADE REVIEW
◉ Four main sections of a grape vine.
Answer: the main shoots, one-year-old wood, permanent wood and
the roots
◉ What comprises the canopy of a vine.
Answer: The main shoots and all of their major structures - stem,
buds, leaves, lateral shoots, tendrils and inflorescences/grape
bunches
◉ What do the main shoots grow from, and when.
Answer: The main shoots on the vine grow in spring from buds
retained from the previous year
◉ Where are carbohydrates stored in a vine?.
Answer: Stems, trunks, roots
◉ Define lignify.
,Answer: Green shoots become woody and rigid, they are then called
canes
◉ Where do buds form?.
Answer: between the leaf stalk (petiole) and the stem
◉ Define the two types of buds.
Answer: - Compound buds (form in one growing season and break
open the following growing season, producing main shoots; typically
a primary, secondary, and maybe tertiary)- Prompt buds (form and
break open same season, form lateral shoots)
- Prompt buds (form and break open same season, form lateral
shoots)
◉ What is the main function of lateral shoots? When are they
desirable/undesirable?.
Answer: - to allow the plant to carry on growing if the tip of the main
shoot has been damaged or eaten
- can provide an additional source of leaves for photosynthesis
(useful if the laterals are near the ends of the main shoots)
◉ What is second crop?.
Answer: Lateral shoots often produce inflorescences, which can be
known as a 'second crop'
,- Growth of laterals nearer the base of the main shoot can be
undesirable as they impede air flow and can shade the fruit too
much
◉ What is green harvesting?.
Answer: Removal of second crop during summer
◉ Define one-year-old wood.
Answer: the main shoots from the last growing season that were
kept at pruning, supports compound buds; cane or spur
◉ Define permanent wood.
Answer: woody parts of the vine that are older than one year,
including the trunk
◉ where are most roots found?.
Answer: top 50cm of soil
◉ what distinguishes PN clone 115?.
Answer: low yield, small grapes, good for high quality of red wines
◉ what distinguishes PN clone 521?.
, Answer: high yield, bigger grapes, good for sparkling wine
production
◉ When is leaf fall and dormancy?.
Answer: Nov-March
◉ When is budburst?.
Answer: March-April
◉ When is shoot and leaf growth?.
Answer: March-July
◉ When is flowering and fruit set?.
Answer: May-June
◉ When is grape development?.
Answer: June-Oct
◉ When is harvest?.
Answer: Sept-Oct
◉ How does the vine support itself during dormancy?.
