WGU D236 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
PAPER 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS VERIFIED A+
◉ Fractures
Answer: Osteoporosis results in a loss of bone mass. A change in
bone mineralization is characteristic of osteomalacia and rickets
rather than osteoporosis.
The decrease in bone density makes bones more fragile and
susceptible to fracture.
Ida's osteoclasts are breaking down more bone than osteoblasts are
rebuilding.
This results in bone loss.
◉ Turner Syndrome - characteristics
Answer: Patients with suspected Turner syndrome require genetic
testing and hormone level evaluation. Echocardiogram, bone density,
and bone age testing are necessary. Treatment involves estrogen
therapy and growth hormone administration. The patient should be
treated symptomatically for all other effects of the disease.
,#Underdeveloped ovaries (sterile)
#Short stature (~ 4'7")
#Webbing of the neck
#Edema
#Underdeveloped breasts; wide nipples
#High number of aborted fetuses
◉ Lymphedema
Answer: This is the swelling or accumulation of the fluid due to a
blockage in the lymphatic system caused by scar tissues from
damaged lymph vessels or lymph nodes.
It is often seen in patients who had their lymph nodes removed and
had surgery or radiation to remove cancer.
◉ Lymphadenitis
Answer: Lymphadenitis is the medical term for enlargement in one
or more lymph nodes, usually due to infection.
Lymph nodes are filled with white blood cells that help the body
fight infections.
◉ Lymphadenopathy
, Answer: Enlarged lymph nodes that become palpable and tender.
◉ Bladder Cancer vs Kidney Cancer
Answer: Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, occurs when
cells in the kidney grow out of control, clump together, and form a
malignant tumor.
The most common risk factor for developing kidney cancer is
smoking. Bladder cancer is a common type of cancer that begins in
the cells of the bladder.
◉ Bladder cancer sign and symptoms, treatments
Answer: The cardinal feature of bladder cancer is
#Painless, intermittent, gross hematuria.
#Frequency, pain, and burning on urination.
#Sensation of incomplete bladder emptying.
Some types of bladder cancer present similarly to a UTI with
urgency, frequency, and dysuria. Usually located deep within the
bladder, bladder cancer rarely presents as a palpable mass.
Painless hematuria is usually the only sign of bladder cancer.
PAPER 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS VERIFIED A+
◉ Fractures
Answer: Osteoporosis results in a loss of bone mass. A change in
bone mineralization is characteristic of osteomalacia and rickets
rather than osteoporosis.
The decrease in bone density makes bones more fragile and
susceptible to fracture.
Ida's osteoclasts are breaking down more bone than osteoblasts are
rebuilding.
This results in bone loss.
◉ Turner Syndrome - characteristics
Answer: Patients with suspected Turner syndrome require genetic
testing and hormone level evaluation. Echocardiogram, bone density,
and bone age testing are necessary. Treatment involves estrogen
therapy and growth hormone administration. The patient should be
treated symptomatically for all other effects of the disease.
,#Underdeveloped ovaries (sterile)
#Short stature (~ 4'7")
#Webbing of the neck
#Edema
#Underdeveloped breasts; wide nipples
#High number of aborted fetuses
◉ Lymphedema
Answer: This is the swelling or accumulation of the fluid due to a
blockage in the lymphatic system caused by scar tissues from
damaged lymph vessels or lymph nodes.
It is often seen in patients who had their lymph nodes removed and
had surgery or radiation to remove cancer.
◉ Lymphadenitis
Answer: Lymphadenitis is the medical term for enlargement in one
or more lymph nodes, usually due to infection.
Lymph nodes are filled with white blood cells that help the body
fight infections.
◉ Lymphadenopathy
, Answer: Enlarged lymph nodes that become palpable and tender.
◉ Bladder Cancer vs Kidney Cancer
Answer: Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, occurs when
cells in the kidney grow out of control, clump together, and form a
malignant tumor.
The most common risk factor for developing kidney cancer is
smoking. Bladder cancer is a common type of cancer that begins in
the cells of the bladder.
◉ Bladder cancer sign and symptoms, treatments
Answer: The cardinal feature of bladder cancer is
#Painless, intermittent, gross hematuria.
#Frequency, pain, and burning on urination.
#Sensation of incomplete bladder emptying.
Some types of bladder cancer present similarly to a UTI with
urgency, frequency, and dysuria. Usually located deep within the
bladder, bladder cancer rarely presents as a palpable mass.
Painless hematuria is usually the only sign of bladder cancer.
