NURS 611 EXAM 1 | Question and Answer |
2026/2027 Updated Study Guide | Verified
Past Paper Questions | A+ Verified
• Mitochondria . CORRECT ANSWER: This structure generates ATP
• Ribosome . CORRECT ANSWER: This structure synthesizes protein
• Golgi apparatus . CORRECT ANSWER: This structure processes and packages
proteins for delivery
• Nucleus . CORRECT ANSWER: Repository of genetic information
• Endoplasmic Reticulum . CORRECT ANSWER: A cell structure that forms a
maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one
part of the cell to another. Synthesis steroid hormones and folds proteins
• Nucleolus . CORRECT ANSWER: ribosome synthesis
• visicle . CORRECT ANSWER: Delivers proteins that are secretes to their
destinations
• Lysosomes . CORRECT ANSWER: An organelle containing digestive enzymes
• What is the difference between eukaryote and prokaryote? . CORRECT
ANSWER: Eukaryote has membrane bound organelles and a nucleus; prokaryote
has genetic material free floating in a cell membrane
,• What is the difference between the nucleolus and nucleus? . CORRECT
ANSWER: The nucleolus is inside the nucleus and is composed of RNA and
contains most of the cellular DNA.
• What is the difference between microtubules and microfilaments? . CORRECT
ANSWER: Microtubules add strength to the cell structure, they support and move
organelles from one part of the cytoplasm to another. They also facilitate nerve
implied and have a role in inflammatory and immune response.
Microfilaments are smaller fibrils that occur in bundles, they links the interior cell
to adjacent cells. They are also responsible for regulating cell growth and driving
the pinching of the cell into two.
• What is the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic? . CORRECT
ANSWER: Hydrophilic is water loving and hydrophobic is water fearing.
• What is the difference between a lysosome and peroxisome? . CORRECT
ANSWER: -lysomes: contain digestive enzymes that break down molecules to
their component parts
-peroxisome: oxidative enzymes important in producing hydrogen peroxide and
other reactive oxygen species
• proteins in the nucleus that bind DNA and help regulate its activity are called .
CORRECT ANSWER: histones
• Cells such as neutrophils that use hydrogen peroxide as a defensive weapon
synthesize it in their . CORRECT ANSWER: peroxisomes
• A section of a membrane that is rich in cholesterol and helps organize membrane
proteins is called a lipid __________. . CORRECT ANSWER: raft
, • The cells that secrete the extracellular matrix are called . CORRECT ANSWER:
fibroblasts
• The mechanical force of water pushing against cellular members is called .
CORRECT ANSWER: Hydrostatic
• A __ solution has the same osmolality as normal body fluids . CORRECT
ANSWER: Isotonic
• a myocyte is a . CORRECT ANSWER: muscle cell
• ligand . CORRECT ANSWER: A molecule that binds specifically to another
molecule, usually a larger one.
• Caveolae . CORRECT ANSWER: pouchlike infoldings that sequester bits of
extracellular fluid containing a high concentration of Ca2+ close to the membrane;
when calcium channels open here Ca2+ influx occurs rapidly. May be important
locations for receptors or for entry of molecules into the cell.
• Mechanotransduction . CORRECT ANSWER: translating mechanical stimuli
into biochemical signals
• amphipathic molecules . CORRECT ANSWER: have both hydrophilic and
hydrophobic properties
• Endocytosis . CORRECT ANSWER: A process in which a cell engulfs
extracellular material through an inward folding of its plasma membrane.
2026/2027 Updated Study Guide | Verified
Past Paper Questions | A+ Verified
• Mitochondria . CORRECT ANSWER: This structure generates ATP
• Ribosome . CORRECT ANSWER: This structure synthesizes protein
• Golgi apparatus . CORRECT ANSWER: This structure processes and packages
proteins for delivery
• Nucleus . CORRECT ANSWER: Repository of genetic information
• Endoplasmic Reticulum . CORRECT ANSWER: A cell structure that forms a
maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one
part of the cell to another. Synthesis steroid hormones and folds proteins
• Nucleolus . CORRECT ANSWER: ribosome synthesis
• visicle . CORRECT ANSWER: Delivers proteins that are secretes to their
destinations
• Lysosomes . CORRECT ANSWER: An organelle containing digestive enzymes
• What is the difference between eukaryote and prokaryote? . CORRECT
ANSWER: Eukaryote has membrane bound organelles and a nucleus; prokaryote
has genetic material free floating in a cell membrane
,• What is the difference between the nucleolus and nucleus? . CORRECT
ANSWER: The nucleolus is inside the nucleus and is composed of RNA and
contains most of the cellular DNA.
• What is the difference between microtubules and microfilaments? . CORRECT
ANSWER: Microtubules add strength to the cell structure, they support and move
organelles from one part of the cytoplasm to another. They also facilitate nerve
implied and have a role in inflammatory and immune response.
Microfilaments are smaller fibrils that occur in bundles, they links the interior cell
to adjacent cells. They are also responsible for regulating cell growth and driving
the pinching of the cell into two.
• What is the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic? . CORRECT
ANSWER: Hydrophilic is water loving and hydrophobic is water fearing.
• What is the difference between a lysosome and peroxisome? . CORRECT
ANSWER: -lysomes: contain digestive enzymes that break down molecules to
their component parts
-peroxisome: oxidative enzymes important in producing hydrogen peroxide and
other reactive oxygen species
• proteins in the nucleus that bind DNA and help regulate its activity are called .
CORRECT ANSWER: histones
• Cells such as neutrophils that use hydrogen peroxide as a defensive weapon
synthesize it in their . CORRECT ANSWER: peroxisomes
• A section of a membrane that is rich in cholesterol and helps organize membrane
proteins is called a lipid __________. . CORRECT ANSWER: raft
, • The cells that secrete the extracellular matrix are called . CORRECT ANSWER:
fibroblasts
• The mechanical force of water pushing against cellular members is called .
CORRECT ANSWER: Hydrostatic
• A __ solution has the same osmolality as normal body fluids . CORRECT
ANSWER: Isotonic
• a myocyte is a . CORRECT ANSWER: muscle cell
• ligand . CORRECT ANSWER: A molecule that binds specifically to another
molecule, usually a larger one.
• Caveolae . CORRECT ANSWER: pouchlike infoldings that sequester bits of
extracellular fluid containing a high concentration of Ca2+ close to the membrane;
when calcium channels open here Ca2+ influx occurs rapidly. May be important
locations for receptors or for entry of molecules into the cell.
• Mechanotransduction . CORRECT ANSWER: translating mechanical stimuli
into biochemical signals
• amphipathic molecules . CORRECT ANSWER: have both hydrophilic and
hydrophobic properties
• Endocytosis . CORRECT ANSWER: A process in which a cell engulfs
extracellular material through an inward folding of its plasma membrane.
