American Red Cross
3 RETPAHC · ANC
CNA
★
Nurse Assistant Training Program
EST. 1881
SAVING LIVES, CHANGING LIVES
CNA Chapter 3 — Final Examination
H O L I ST I C C A R E · H U M A N D E V E LO P M E N T · M E N TA L H E A LT H · E N D - O F - L I F E · A DVA N C E
D I R E CT I V E S
INSTITUTION American Red Cross — Nurse PROGRAM Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA)
Assistant Training
ACADEMIC YEAR EXAM TITLE Chapter 3 — Final Examination
TOTAL QUESTIONS 33 Questions COURSE TITLE Nurse Assistant Training —
Chapter 3
FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the HQ Washington, D.C.
Single Best Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question.
▸ Content covers holistic care, Maslow's hierarchy, developmental stages, mental health disorders, end-of-
life care, and advance directives.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question for certification preparation.
, CNA CHAPTER 3 — HOLISTIC CARE, DEVELOPMENT &
Questions 1 – 33
END-OF-LIFE
1. Holistic care focuses on:
A. The person's physical, mental, and social well-being
B. Disease and disability
C. How sick a person is
D. The absence of disease and illness
CORRECT ANSWER A — The person's physical, mental, and social well-being
RATIONALE Holistic care addresses the WHOLE person — physical, psychological, social, and
spiritual dimensions — not just disease or symptoms. It recognizes that these
aspects of health are interconnected and that optimal care requires attention to
all of them. Focusing only on disease (B, C) or the absence of disease (D)
represents the narrow biomedical model, not the holistic approach required in
quality long-term care.
2. Which of the following is a physical need?
A. The need for social interaction
B. The need for water
C. The need for self-esteem
D. The need for independence
CORRECT ANSWER B — The need for water
RATIONALE Per Maslow's hierarchy of needs, water is a PHYSICAL (physiological) need — the
most fundamental level required for survival. Social interaction (A) is a
psychosocial need (love/belonging). Self-esteem (C) is a higher-level
psychological need. Independence (D) relates to self-actualization and autonomy.
Physical needs must be met before higher-level needs can be addressed.
, 3. Which of the following is an example of a psychosocial need?
A. The need for food
B. The need for water
C. The need for activity
D. The need for acceptance
CORRECT ANSWER D — The need for acceptance
RATIONALE Acceptance is a psychosocial need related to belonging, love, and social
connection (Maslow's third level). Food (A) and water (B) are physiological needs.
Activity (C) has both physical and psychosocial components but is not the
clearest example of a purely psychosocial need. Acceptance from others is
fundamentally about emotional and social well-being.
4. What is one way a nursing assistant can promote a resident's independence?
A. Finishing a resident's task if he takes a long time to complete it
B. Allowing a resident to do a task by himself no matter how long it takes him
C. Deciding where a resident should sit in the dining room
D. Deciding what a resident should wear for the day
CORRECT ANSWER B — Allowing a resident to do a task by himself no matter how long it takes
him
RATIONALE Promoting independence means allowing residents to do as much as they can for
themselves, even if it takes longer. Taking over (A) fosters dependence. Making
decisions for the resident (C, D) undermines autonomy. Patience and
encouragement preserve dignity, maintain functional abilities, and support the
resident's sense of self-efficacy — core principles of culture change in long-term
care.
3 RETPAHC · ANC
CNA
★
Nurse Assistant Training Program
EST. 1881
SAVING LIVES, CHANGING LIVES
CNA Chapter 3 — Final Examination
H O L I ST I C C A R E · H U M A N D E V E LO P M E N T · M E N TA L H E A LT H · E N D - O F - L I F E · A DVA N C E
D I R E CT I V E S
INSTITUTION American Red Cross — Nurse PROGRAM Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA)
Assistant Training
ACADEMIC YEAR EXAM TITLE Chapter 3 — Final Examination
TOTAL QUESTIONS 33 Questions COURSE TITLE Nurse Assistant Training —
Chapter 3
FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the HQ Washington, D.C.
Single Best Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question.
▸ Content covers holistic care, Maslow's hierarchy, developmental stages, mental health disorders, end-of-
life care, and advance directives.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question for certification preparation.
, CNA CHAPTER 3 — HOLISTIC CARE, DEVELOPMENT &
Questions 1 – 33
END-OF-LIFE
1. Holistic care focuses on:
A. The person's physical, mental, and social well-being
B. Disease and disability
C. How sick a person is
D. The absence of disease and illness
CORRECT ANSWER A — The person's physical, mental, and social well-being
RATIONALE Holistic care addresses the WHOLE person — physical, psychological, social, and
spiritual dimensions — not just disease or symptoms. It recognizes that these
aspects of health are interconnected and that optimal care requires attention to
all of them. Focusing only on disease (B, C) or the absence of disease (D)
represents the narrow biomedical model, not the holistic approach required in
quality long-term care.
2. Which of the following is a physical need?
A. The need for social interaction
B. The need for water
C. The need for self-esteem
D. The need for independence
CORRECT ANSWER B — The need for water
RATIONALE Per Maslow's hierarchy of needs, water is a PHYSICAL (physiological) need — the
most fundamental level required for survival. Social interaction (A) is a
psychosocial need (love/belonging). Self-esteem (C) is a higher-level
psychological need. Independence (D) relates to self-actualization and autonomy.
Physical needs must be met before higher-level needs can be addressed.
, 3. Which of the following is an example of a psychosocial need?
A. The need for food
B. The need for water
C. The need for activity
D. The need for acceptance
CORRECT ANSWER D — The need for acceptance
RATIONALE Acceptance is a psychosocial need related to belonging, love, and social
connection (Maslow's third level). Food (A) and water (B) are physiological needs.
Activity (C) has both physical and psychosocial components but is not the
clearest example of a purely psychosocial need. Acceptance from others is
fundamentally about emotional and social well-being.
4. What is one way a nursing assistant can promote a resident's independence?
A. Finishing a resident's task if he takes a long time to complete it
B. Allowing a resident to do a task by himself no matter how long it takes him
C. Deciding where a resident should sit in the dining room
D. Deciding what a resident should wear for the day
CORRECT ANSWER B — Allowing a resident to do a task by himself no matter how long it takes
him
RATIONALE Promoting independence means allowing residents to do as much as they can for
themselves, even if it takes longer. Taking over (A) fosters dependence. Making
decisions for the resident (C, D) undermines autonomy. Patience and
encouragement preserve dignity, maintain functional abilities, and support the
resident's sense of self-efficacy — core principles of culture change in long-term
care.
