ANA 109 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
True or False: Large molecules require vesicles for transport into and out of the cell. -
Answers - True
True or False: Maintenance of homeostasis requires small increases and decreases in
body levels. - Answers - True
Transcription takes place in the - Answers - Nucleus
The gallbladder is ______ to the sternum. - Answers - Inferior
The humerus is _____ to the radius. - Answers - Proximal
What is the regulation of body conditions within normal limits? - Answers - Homeostasis
The body is in the ______ position when laying face up. - Answers - Supine
Which of the following help to regulate calcium levels in the body? - Answers - PTH
How does the endocrine system control homeostasis? - Answers - Release of
hormones
Two organs on the same side of the body, such as the spleen and the descending
colon, are - Answers - Ipsilateral
Which of these directional terms means farther from the attachment of a limb to the
trunk or farther from the origination of a structure? - Answers - Distal
In which cavity is the stomach located? - Answers - Abdominal cavity
The extracellular fluid that occupies the spaces between cells in solid tissues is termed -
Answers - Interstitial fluid
In the hospital patients are put on oxygen to increase the amount of oxygen in the
blood. Based on the principles of transport why does this work? - Answers - Increasing
the amount of oxygen delivered increases the concentration gradient which causes an
increase in the rate of diffusion.
A 24 year old female presents to the emergency room complaining of the following
symptoms:
• Acute lower right quadrant abdominal pain rated at an 9 out of 10 on the pain scale (10
being the worst pain ever!), that she characterizes as "burning and stabbing" in quality
,• Feelings of nausea, dizziness and weakness.
• No difficulty breathing
As her physician, you notice that she exhibits the following signs:
• A very high fever (104ºF)
• High blood pressure (146/90)
• A rapid heart rate (110 beats per minute)
• Clear lung sounds- although her respiratory rate is rapid.
Which of the following choices is the most likely the correct diagnosis? - Answers -
Acute appendicitis
The heart is ______ to the lungs. - Answers - Medial
Large particles are moved into the cell via - Answers - Phagocytosis
Which of the following is a TRUE statement concerning the selected feedback
mechanism in a healthy individual? - Answers - Stretch receptors in the cervix,
stimulated by the fetus during labor and delivery, result in the release of a hormone that
stimulates more forceful uterine contractions and additional "stretch" or dilation of the
cervix. This is a good example of a positive feedback mechanism.
What kind of tissue is blood classified as? - Answers - Connective tissue
Which of the following is a feature of connective tissue? - Answers - It usually has a
nerve supply. It is usually vascular. It contains cells and an extracellular matrix. It is
often a binding, supporting and strengthening tissue.
Neurons convert stimuli into electrical signals called - Answers - Action potentials
The only avascular connective tissue is - Answers - Cartilage
Muscle tissue composed of cylindrical, striated fibers containing numerous peripheral
nuclei is most likely - Answers - Skeletal muscle
Which of the following is NOT one of the four main types of body tissue?
Spinal tissue, epithelial tissue, nervous tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue -
Answers - Spinal tissue
The two main factors influencing tissue repair are - Answers - Nutrition and blood
circulation
Osteons are found in ______, while trabeculae are found in ______. - Answers -
Compact, spongy
True or False: Fontanels in infant skulls allow for easy passage of the cranium through
the birth canal. - Answers - True
, True or False: During ossification, flexible connective tissues are replaced with
hardened bone tissues. - Answers - True
Sandy, a middle aged woman, has started having problems with kidney stones that are
pure calcium. She has also broken her wrist by picking up a heavy object. A bone
density study shows she is developing osteoporosis. Further testing shows a high blood
calcium level and a tumor in her neck that is causing an increased production of a
hormone. The most likely suspect would be - Answers - Parathyroid hormone
Compact bone is characterized by the presence of _______. - Answers - Osteons
True or False: Bone remodeling stops after puberty. - Answers - False
True or False: Exercise and heavier loads on a bone lead to thinner but stronger
osseous tissue. - Answers - False
True or False: Osetoblasts build and maintain the bone matrix. Osteoclasts break down
the bone matrix. - Answers - True
True or False: During adulthood, once bone tissue is formed, it will not change. -
Answers - False
The shaft of long bones is termed the - Answers - Diaphysis
This is a layer of hyaline cartilage that reduces friction between bones involved in the
joint. - Answers - Articular cartilage
What is normally found in the space in spongy bone? - Answers - Red bone marrow
There is a u-shaped bone found in the neck and has no articulation with any other bone.
What is it? - Answers - Hyoid
Where is the mastoid process? - Answers -
Where is the ischium? - Answers -
What bone is parallel and lateral to the tibia? - Answers - Fibula
What is the shin also known as? - Answers - Anterior border of the tibia
In addition to the sacrum and coccyx, the adult vertebral column consists of - Answers -
7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar vertebrae
Which of the following is found in the appendicular skeleton?
Hyoid, carpals, vertebrae, ribs, sternum - Answers - Carpals
True or False: Large molecules require vesicles for transport into and out of the cell. -
Answers - True
True or False: Maintenance of homeostasis requires small increases and decreases in
body levels. - Answers - True
Transcription takes place in the - Answers - Nucleus
The gallbladder is ______ to the sternum. - Answers - Inferior
The humerus is _____ to the radius. - Answers - Proximal
What is the regulation of body conditions within normal limits? - Answers - Homeostasis
The body is in the ______ position when laying face up. - Answers - Supine
Which of the following help to regulate calcium levels in the body? - Answers - PTH
How does the endocrine system control homeostasis? - Answers - Release of
hormones
Two organs on the same side of the body, such as the spleen and the descending
colon, are - Answers - Ipsilateral
Which of these directional terms means farther from the attachment of a limb to the
trunk or farther from the origination of a structure? - Answers - Distal
In which cavity is the stomach located? - Answers - Abdominal cavity
The extracellular fluid that occupies the spaces between cells in solid tissues is termed -
Answers - Interstitial fluid
In the hospital patients are put on oxygen to increase the amount of oxygen in the
blood. Based on the principles of transport why does this work? - Answers - Increasing
the amount of oxygen delivered increases the concentration gradient which causes an
increase in the rate of diffusion.
A 24 year old female presents to the emergency room complaining of the following
symptoms:
• Acute lower right quadrant abdominal pain rated at an 9 out of 10 on the pain scale (10
being the worst pain ever!), that she characterizes as "burning and stabbing" in quality
,• Feelings of nausea, dizziness and weakness.
• No difficulty breathing
As her physician, you notice that she exhibits the following signs:
• A very high fever (104ºF)
• High blood pressure (146/90)
• A rapid heart rate (110 beats per minute)
• Clear lung sounds- although her respiratory rate is rapid.
Which of the following choices is the most likely the correct diagnosis? - Answers -
Acute appendicitis
The heart is ______ to the lungs. - Answers - Medial
Large particles are moved into the cell via - Answers - Phagocytosis
Which of the following is a TRUE statement concerning the selected feedback
mechanism in a healthy individual? - Answers - Stretch receptors in the cervix,
stimulated by the fetus during labor and delivery, result in the release of a hormone that
stimulates more forceful uterine contractions and additional "stretch" or dilation of the
cervix. This is a good example of a positive feedback mechanism.
What kind of tissue is blood classified as? - Answers - Connective tissue
Which of the following is a feature of connective tissue? - Answers - It usually has a
nerve supply. It is usually vascular. It contains cells and an extracellular matrix. It is
often a binding, supporting and strengthening tissue.
Neurons convert stimuli into electrical signals called - Answers - Action potentials
The only avascular connective tissue is - Answers - Cartilage
Muscle tissue composed of cylindrical, striated fibers containing numerous peripheral
nuclei is most likely - Answers - Skeletal muscle
Which of the following is NOT one of the four main types of body tissue?
Spinal tissue, epithelial tissue, nervous tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue -
Answers - Spinal tissue
The two main factors influencing tissue repair are - Answers - Nutrition and blood
circulation
Osteons are found in ______, while trabeculae are found in ______. - Answers -
Compact, spongy
True or False: Fontanels in infant skulls allow for easy passage of the cranium through
the birth canal. - Answers - True
, True or False: During ossification, flexible connective tissues are replaced with
hardened bone tissues. - Answers - True
Sandy, a middle aged woman, has started having problems with kidney stones that are
pure calcium. She has also broken her wrist by picking up a heavy object. A bone
density study shows she is developing osteoporosis. Further testing shows a high blood
calcium level and a tumor in her neck that is causing an increased production of a
hormone. The most likely suspect would be - Answers - Parathyroid hormone
Compact bone is characterized by the presence of _______. - Answers - Osteons
True or False: Bone remodeling stops after puberty. - Answers - False
True or False: Exercise and heavier loads on a bone lead to thinner but stronger
osseous tissue. - Answers - False
True or False: Osetoblasts build and maintain the bone matrix. Osteoclasts break down
the bone matrix. - Answers - True
True or False: During adulthood, once bone tissue is formed, it will not change. -
Answers - False
The shaft of long bones is termed the - Answers - Diaphysis
This is a layer of hyaline cartilage that reduces friction between bones involved in the
joint. - Answers - Articular cartilage
What is normally found in the space in spongy bone? - Answers - Red bone marrow
There is a u-shaped bone found in the neck and has no articulation with any other bone.
What is it? - Answers - Hyoid
Where is the mastoid process? - Answers -
Where is the ischium? - Answers -
What bone is parallel and lateral to the tibia? - Answers - Fibula
What is the shin also known as? - Answers - Anterior border of the tibia
In addition to the sacrum and coccyx, the adult vertebral column consists of - Answers -
7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar vertebrae
Which of the following is found in the appendicular skeleton?
Hyoid, carpals, vertebrae, ribs, sternum - Answers - Carpals
