MCB3020 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Morbidity rate is an important parameter used by epidemiologists to measure disease. If
there are 10 new cases of measles per 10,000 individuals in a population in a two-
month period, the morbidity rate is _______________. - Answers - 0.1%
The first epidemiologist was ___________. - Answers - John Snow
Control measures should be directed toward the part of the infectious disease cycle that
is _________. - Answers - most susceptible to control
Brian lives in a town where 98% of the population is immunized against measles. Brian
is unlikely to get measles, despite the fact that he has never been immunized. This
situation demonstrates the concept of - Answers - herd immunity
The vaccine used to prevent measles consists of live measles viruses. This type of
vaccine is most likely - Answers - an attenuated vaccine
A subunit vaccine is composed of - Answers - purified parts of a microorganism
T/F. Vaccines made from attenuated microorganisms are better at boosting the immune
response than vaccines made from inactivated microorganisms. - Answers - True
T/F. Vaccines present antibodies from a pathogen to stimulate immunity. - Answers -
False
The U.S. government has invested national effort into creating a biological weapons
defense. The initiatives include:
(check all that apply) - Answers - - development of improved detection and diagnostic
systems
- preparation of clinical microbiologists and their laboratories as first-responder teams
- a stockpile of specialized vaccines and medicines for civilian protection
The total number of individuals infected in a population at any one time is referred to as
- Answers - prevalence rate
Epidemiology - Answers - The study of the origin, cause, distribution, and spread of
disease
What were John Snow's studies? - Answers - Studied series of Cholera outbreaks;
discovered the disease came from infected drinking water
T/F. Control measures for microorganisms should be directed toward the part of the
disease cycle that is most susceptible to control. - Answers - True
, What governmental agency focuses on national and environmental health, as well as
designs a set of health education activities to improve general health of the population?
- Answers - Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
What is the supranational agency involved in tracking and controlling the spread of
disease worldwide? - Answers - World Health Organizations (WHO)
What is the U.S. Biological Weapons Defense Initiative? - Answers - Based on
developing, producing, and stockpiling specific antibody reagents hat can be used to
protect the population against biological warfare threats
Sporadic disease - Answers - Occurs occasionally, at irregular intervals
Endemic disease - Answers - Occurs regularly at a low level of frequency and at
moderately regular intervals
Hyperendemic disease - Answers - Increases gradually above the level of an endemic
disease, but not enough to qualify as an epidemic
Outbreak - Answers - An abrupt, unexpected occurrence of a disease, usually in a
limited segment of the population
Epidemic - Answers - An abrupt increase in the frequency of the disease above the
expected number
Index case - Answers - First case in an epidemic
Pandemic - Answers - An increase in the occurrence of disease within a large
population
What does public health surveillance involve? - Answers - The proactive evaluation of
emerging infectious agents, human behaviors, lifestyle choices, and genetic
backgrounds
T/F. Epidemiologists frequently draw on knowledge from the field of statistics. - Answers
- True
What are the three numerical measures of disease frequency? - Answers - 1. Morbidity
Rate
2. Prevalence Rate
3. Mortality Rate
Morbidity rate - Answers - the number of new cases of a disease during a particular
period, as a fraction of the population size
Morbidity rate is an important parameter used by epidemiologists to measure disease. If
there are 10 new cases of measles per 10,000 individuals in a population in a two-
month period, the morbidity rate is _______________. - Answers - 0.1%
The first epidemiologist was ___________. - Answers - John Snow
Control measures should be directed toward the part of the infectious disease cycle that
is _________. - Answers - most susceptible to control
Brian lives in a town where 98% of the population is immunized against measles. Brian
is unlikely to get measles, despite the fact that he has never been immunized. This
situation demonstrates the concept of - Answers - herd immunity
The vaccine used to prevent measles consists of live measles viruses. This type of
vaccine is most likely - Answers - an attenuated vaccine
A subunit vaccine is composed of - Answers - purified parts of a microorganism
T/F. Vaccines made from attenuated microorganisms are better at boosting the immune
response than vaccines made from inactivated microorganisms. - Answers - True
T/F. Vaccines present antibodies from a pathogen to stimulate immunity. - Answers -
False
The U.S. government has invested national effort into creating a biological weapons
defense. The initiatives include:
(check all that apply) - Answers - - development of improved detection and diagnostic
systems
- preparation of clinical microbiologists and their laboratories as first-responder teams
- a stockpile of specialized vaccines and medicines for civilian protection
The total number of individuals infected in a population at any one time is referred to as
- Answers - prevalence rate
Epidemiology - Answers - The study of the origin, cause, distribution, and spread of
disease
What were John Snow's studies? - Answers - Studied series of Cholera outbreaks;
discovered the disease came from infected drinking water
T/F. Control measures for microorganisms should be directed toward the part of the
disease cycle that is most susceptible to control. - Answers - True
, What governmental agency focuses on national and environmental health, as well as
designs a set of health education activities to improve general health of the population?
- Answers - Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
What is the supranational agency involved in tracking and controlling the spread of
disease worldwide? - Answers - World Health Organizations (WHO)
What is the U.S. Biological Weapons Defense Initiative? - Answers - Based on
developing, producing, and stockpiling specific antibody reagents hat can be used to
protect the population against biological warfare threats
Sporadic disease - Answers - Occurs occasionally, at irregular intervals
Endemic disease - Answers - Occurs regularly at a low level of frequency and at
moderately regular intervals
Hyperendemic disease - Answers - Increases gradually above the level of an endemic
disease, but not enough to qualify as an epidemic
Outbreak - Answers - An abrupt, unexpected occurrence of a disease, usually in a
limited segment of the population
Epidemic - Answers - An abrupt increase in the frequency of the disease above the
expected number
Index case - Answers - First case in an epidemic
Pandemic - Answers - An increase in the occurrence of disease within a large
population
What does public health surveillance involve? - Answers - The proactive evaluation of
emerging infectious agents, human behaviors, lifestyle choices, and genetic
backgrounds
T/F. Epidemiologists frequently draw on knowledge from the field of statistics. - Answers
- True
What are the three numerical measures of disease frequency? - Answers - 1. Morbidity
Rate
2. Prevalence Rate
3. Mortality Rate
Morbidity rate - Answers - the number of new cases of a disease during a particular
period, as a fraction of the population size
