MIMG 101 Midterm 1 Exam Questions
& Answers (Grade A+)
What is the ratio of human to bacteria cells in the body? -
correct answer ✅It is about 1:1; About 38 trillion bacterial cells
and 30 trillion body cells (25 trillion of which are BRC's)
What falls under the umbrella of "microorganism?" What are the
different categories that they fall under? -
correct answer ✅Bacteria and archaea (which are prokaryotes)
Algae, fungi, and Protozoa (Which are eukaryotes)
Viruses and prions (which are not cellular to begin with)
How did Pasteur disprove spontaneous generation? -
correct answer ✅1. Disproved that heating destroys life-generating
substances; he heated a substance, showed nothing grew with a
cork stuck in, but when cork was removed, microorganisms grew
2. Showed that spontaneous generation doesn't occur even with
oxygen; in 2 flasks with oxygens that were identical, the one in
which microbes go in had microbes; the other one with a swan
neck, so that dust settled at the bottom of the curve, didn't have
microbes growing inside the flask
,MIMG 101 Midterm 1 Exam Questions
& Answers (Grade A+)
3. He proved that spontaneous generation doesn't occur, but
organisms were found in air
What was the goal of Koch's postulates? What are the specific
postulates? -
correct answer ✅Koch's postulates are meant to be a procedure
for defining the agent of any disease.
1. The microbe is present in diseased animals and absent from
healthy ones. Check the blood or tissue within the organisms,
health and diseased. Compare the two and see if there's a
pathogen in the diseased one but not in the other.
2. The next step is isolate the microbe in pure culture (agar). Two
important things: THIS IS THE HARDEST TO ACHIEVE OUT OF KOCH'S
POSTULATES. And, it introduces the idea that SINGLE COLONIES ARE
CLONAL
3. When cells from a pure culture are inoculated into a susceptible
healthy animal, disease results. Take microbes that you isolated and
grew in a culture, and inject/give it to a susceptible animal. Wait to
see if disease results in the animal.
,MIMG 101 Midterm 1 Exam Questions
& Answers (Grade A+)
4. Being able to re-isolate the organism from the animal to which
you have given the disease and show it is the same as the original.
You check the tissues of the diseased animal (that you inoculated
with the suspected microbe). If you can find the microbe again and
isolate again, it's likely that it is the disease being sought.
What features can you expect in all cells? -
correct answer ✅1. Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)
2. Plasma membrane
3. Cytoplasm
4. Ribosomes
What are distinguishing features of prokaryotes? -
correct answer ✅Has DNA nucleoid, not a nucleus
Generally lack membrane bound organelles
Often have flagella, pili, vesicles, spores, PEPIDOGLYCAN, and/or 1
chromosome
What are distinguishing features of eukaryotes? -
correct answer ✅Have a nucleus
, MIMG 101 Midterm 1 Exam Questions
& Answers (Grade A+)
have membrane-bound organelles
Have CYTOSKELETON
Often have flagella, cilia, peroxisome, lysosomes (vacuole)
List the following items from smallest to biggest: prokaryotic cell,
virus, eukaryotic cell, nucleus. Some might fall into a similar range. -
correct answer ✅Virus, prokaryotic cell/nucleus, eukaryotic cell
What is the distinction between magnification and resolution?
What is the limiting factor in microscopy? -
correct answer ✅Magnification -- enlargement -- size of image/size
of object
Resolution -- ability to distinguish 2 adjacent points
Resolution is the limiting factor
Why is the compound light microscope, on its own, limited in its
ability to view things such as E. Coli -
correct answer ✅For a light microscope, the magnification is about
1000x and resolution is 0.2 micrometers
& Answers (Grade A+)
What is the ratio of human to bacteria cells in the body? -
correct answer ✅It is about 1:1; About 38 trillion bacterial cells
and 30 trillion body cells (25 trillion of which are BRC's)
What falls under the umbrella of "microorganism?" What are the
different categories that they fall under? -
correct answer ✅Bacteria and archaea (which are prokaryotes)
Algae, fungi, and Protozoa (Which are eukaryotes)
Viruses and prions (which are not cellular to begin with)
How did Pasteur disprove spontaneous generation? -
correct answer ✅1. Disproved that heating destroys life-generating
substances; he heated a substance, showed nothing grew with a
cork stuck in, but when cork was removed, microorganisms grew
2. Showed that spontaneous generation doesn't occur even with
oxygen; in 2 flasks with oxygens that were identical, the one in
which microbes go in had microbes; the other one with a swan
neck, so that dust settled at the bottom of the curve, didn't have
microbes growing inside the flask
,MIMG 101 Midterm 1 Exam Questions
& Answers (Grade A+)
3. He proved that spontaneous generation doesn't occur, but
organisms were found in air
What was the goal of Koch's postulates? What are the specific
postulates? -
correct answer ✅Koch's postulates are meant to be a procedure
for defining the agent of any disease.
1. The microbe is present in diseased animals and absent from
healthy ones. Check the blood or tissue within the organisms,
health and diseased. Compare the two and see if there's a
pathogen in the diseased one but not in the other.
2. The next step is isolate the microbe in pure culture (agar). Two
important things: THIS IS THE HARDEST TO ACHIEVE OUT OF KOCH'S
POSTULATES. And, it introduces the idea that SINGLE COLONIES ARE
CLONAL
3. When cells from a pure culture are inoculated into a susceptible
healthy animal, disease results. Take microbes that you isolated and
grew in a culture, and inject/give it to a susceptible animal. Wait to
see if disease results in the animal.
,MIMG 101 Midterm 1 Exam Questions
& Answers (Grade A+)
4. Being able to re-isolate the organism from the animal to which
you have given the disease and show it is the same as the original.
You check the tissues of the diseased animal (that you inoculated
with the suspected microbe). If you can find the microbe again and
isolate again, it's likely that it is the disease being sought.
What features can you expect in all cells? -
correct answer ✅1. Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)
2. Plasma membrane
3. Cytoplasm
4. Ribosomes
What are distinguishing features of prokaryotes? -
correct answer ✅Has DNA nucleoid, not a nucleus
Generally lack membrane bound organelles
Often have flagella, pili, vesicles, spores, PEPIDOGLYCAN, and/or 1
chromosome
What are distinguishing features of eukaryotes? -
correct answer ✅Have a nucleus
, MIMG 101 Midterm 1 Exam Questions
& Answers (Grade A+)
have membrane-bound organelles
Have CYTOSKELETON
Often have flagella, cilia, peroxisome, lysosomes (vacuole)
List the following items from smallest to biggest: prokaryotic cell,
virus, eukaryotic cell, nucleus. Some might fall into a similar range. -
correct answer ✅Virus, prokaryotic cell/nucleus, eukaryotic cell
What is the distinction between magnification and resolution?
What is the limiting factor in microscopy? -
correct answer ✅Magnification -- enlargement -- size of image/size
of object
Resolution -- ability to distinguish 2 adjacent points
Resolution is the limiting factor
Why is the compound light microscope, on its own, limited in its
ability to view things such as E. Coli -
correct answer ✅For a light microscope, the magnification is about
1000x and resolution is 0.2 micrometers
