WGU D440 HESI Nutrition Practice Test 1 questions and
answers 2026\2027 A+ Grade
Which vitamins are classified as fat-soluble?
- correct answer Vitamins A, D, E, and K are classified as fat-soluble vitamins.
What can happen with excess intake of fat-soluble vitamins?
- correct answer Excess intake can lead to toxicity because they can be stored in the body.
Which food choice enhances iron absorption for a client with iron deficiency anemia?
- correct answer Orange juice enhances iron absorption due to its vitamin C content.
What items are appropriate for a clear liquid diet?
- correct answer Bouillon, clear fruit juices without pulp, and gelatin are appropriate for a clear liquid
diet.
What is the indication for enteral nutrition?
- correct answer Enteral nutrition is indicated when oral intake is not meeting estimated nutrient needs
but the GI tract is functional.
What dietary recommendation should be emphasized for a client with diabetes mellitus?
- correct answer Consume a consistent amount of carbohydrates each day.
What condition results from a deficiency in Vitamin C?
- correct answer Scurvy, characterized by swollen, bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
What dietary modifications are expected for a client with chronic kidney disease not on dialysis?
- correct answer Fluid restriction, low sodium intake, and low phosphorus intake are expected dietary
modifications.
,Why should high glycemic index foods be avoided in diabetes management?
- correct answer They raise blood glucose levels rapidly.
What is the protein intake recommendation for clients with chronic kidney disease?
- correct answer Controlled amounts of protein, typically 0.6-0.8 g/kg/day.
What is the role of vitamin C in iron absorption?
- correct answer Vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron when consumed together.
What types of liquids are excluded from a clear liquid diet?
- correct answer Opaque liquids such as plain ice cream and milk are excluded.
What is the primary goal of a carbohydrate-consistent diet for diabetes?
- correct answer To maintain a consistent intake of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins each day.
What is the recommended sodium intake for a renal diet in CKD?
- correct answer Sodium intake is typically restricted to 2 grams per day.
What is the significance of a high risk for aspiration in enteral nutrition?
- correct answer It may influence the type of enteral tube used, but does not negate the indication for
enteral nutrition.
What are the symptoms of scurvy?
- correct answer Swollen, bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
How does calcium intake affect iron absorption?
- correct answer Calcium can decrease iron absorption when consumed concurrently.
What are the characteristics of a clear liquid diet?
- correct answer Items must be transparent to light and easily digested.
What is the potassium intake recommendation for clients with chronic kidney disease?
- correct answer Potassium intake is typically restricted to less than 2.4 g/day.
, What is the role of nonstarchy vegetables in a diabetic diet?
- correct answer They should be emphasized to provide nutrients without raising blood glucose levels.
What is the impact of refined grains and added sugars in a diabetic diet?
- correct answer They should be minimized to maintain better blood glucose control.
What is the purpose of enteral nutrition?
- correct answer To provide liquefied foods into the GI tract via a tube when oral intake is insufficient.
What is the recommended phosphorus intake for a renal diet in CKD?
- correct answer Phosphorus intake is typically controlled to 800-1000 mg/day.
What dietary sources are high in calcium?
- correct answer Primary sources include dairy products (milk, cheese, yogurt), tofu, green leafy
vegetables (broccoli, collards, kale, spinach), salmon, sardines, almonds, Brazil nuts, sunflower seeds,
tahini, and dried beans.
Which foods should a client with dysphagia include in their diet?
- correct answer A mechanical soft diet with thickened liquids is recommended to minimize chewing and
swallowing difficulties.
What condition is a direct cause of Vitamin B12 deficiency?
- correct answer Pernicious anemia, which impairs B12 absorption due to a lack of intrinsic factor.
Which food should a client on a low-purine diet restrict?
- correct answer Organ meats, as they are high in purines which can lead to elevated uric acid levels.
What food is high in potassium that a client with renal disease should limit?
- correct answer Bananas, which are high in potassium.
What foods should a client with celiac disease avoid?
- correct answer Foods containing gluten, specifically wheat, barley, and oats.
answers 2026\2027 A+ Grade
Which vitamins are classified as fat-soluble?
- correct answer Vitamins A, D, E, and K are classified as fat-soluble vitamins.
What can happen with excess intake of fat-soluble vitamins?
- correct answer Excess intake can lead to toxicity because they can be stored in the body.
Which food choice enhances iron absorption for a client with iron deficiency anemia?
- correct answer Orange juice enhances iron absorption due to its vitamin C content.
What items are appropriate for a clear liquid diet?
- correct answer Bouillon, clear fruit juices without pulp, and gelatin are appropriate for a clear liquid
diet.
What is the indication for enteral nutrition?
- correct answer Enteral nutrition is indicated when oral intake is not meeting estimated nutrient needs
but the GI tract is functional.
What dietary recommendation should be emphasized for a client with diabetes mellitus?
- correct answer Consume a consistent amount of carbohydrates each day.
What condition results from a deficiency in Vitamin C?
- correct answer Scurvy, characterized by swollen, bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
What dietary modifications are expected for a client with chronic kidney disease not on dialysis?
- correct answer Fluid restriction, low sodium intake, and low phosphorus intake are expected dietary
modifications.
,Why should high glycemic index foods be avoided in diabetes management?
- correct answer They raise blood glucose levels rapidly.
What is the protein intake recommendation for clients with chronic kidney disease?
- correct answer Controlled amounts of protein, typically 0.6-0.8 g/kg/day.
What is the role of vitamin C in iron absorption?
- correct answer Vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron when consumed together.
What types of liquids are excluded from a clear liquid diet?
- correct answer Opaque liquids such as plain ice cream and milk are excluded.
What is the primary goal of a carbohydrate-consistent diet for diabetes?
- correct answer To maintain a consistent intake of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins each day.
What is the recommended sodium intake for a renal diet in CKD?
- correct answer Sodium intake is typically restricted to 2 grams per day.
What is the significance of a high risk for aspiration in enteral nutrition?
- correct answer It may influence the type of enteral tube used, but does not negate the indication for
enteral nutrition.
What are the symptoms of scurvy?
- correct answer Swollen, bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
How does calcium intake affect iron absorption?
- correct answer Calcium can decrease iron absorption when consumed concurrently.
What are the characteristics of a clear liquid diet?
- correct answer Items must be transparent to light and easily digested.
What is the potassium intake recommendation for clients with chronic kidney disease?
- correct answer Potassium intake is typically restricted to less than 2.4 g/day.
, What is the role of nonstarchy vegetables in a diabetic diet?
- correct answer They should be emphasized to provide nutrients without raising blood glucose levels.
What is the impact of refined grains and added sugars in a diabetic diet?
- correct answer They should be minimized to maintain better blood glucose control.
What is the purpose of enteral nutrition?
- correct answer To provide liquefied foods into the GI tract via a tube when oral intake is insufficient.
What is the recommended phosphorus intake for a renal diet in CKD?
- correct answer Phosphorus intake is typically controlled to 800-1000 mg/day.
What dietary sources are high in calcium?
- correct answer Primary sources include dairy products (milk, cheese, yogurt), tofu, green leafy
vegetables (broccoli, collards, kale, spinach), salmon, sardines, almonds, Brazil nuts, sunflower seeds,
tahini, and dried beans.
Which foods should a client with dysphagia include in their diet?
- correct answer A mechanical soft diet with thickened liquids is recommended to minimize chewing and
swallowing difficulties.
What condition is a direct cause of Vitamin B12 deficiency?
- correct answer Pernicious anemia, which impairs B12 absorption due to a lack of intrinsic factor.
Which food should a client on a low-purine diet restrict?
- correct answer Organ meats, as they are high in purines which can lead to elevated uric acid levels.
What food is high in potassium that a client with renal disease should limit?
- correct answer Bananas, which are high in potassium.
What foods should a client with celiac disease avoid?
- correct answer Foods containing gluten, specifically wheat, barley, and oats.
