Nursing Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers Latest Graded
A+
Question:
The nurse should assess a patient who is taking lorazepam (Ativan) for the development of which
of these adverse effect? 1. Tachypnea 2. Astigmatism 3. Ataxia 4. Euphoria
Answer:
Answer 3.
Rationale: Adverse CNS effects for lorazepam (Ativan) include ataxia, amnesia, weakness,
disorientation, blurred vision, diplopia, nausea, and vomiting. Option 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect.
Lorazepam is not known to cause tachycardia, astigmatism, or euphoria. If these symptoms occur,
the patient should be assessed for other causative factors.
Question:
A patient is receiving temazepam (Restoril). Which of these responses should a nurse expert the
patient to have if the medication is achieving the desired effects? 1. The patient sleeps in 3-hours
intervals, awakens for a short time, and then falls back to sleep. 2. The patient reports feeling less
anxiety during activities of daily living. 3. The patient reports having fewer episodes of panic
attacks when stressed. 4. The patient reports sleeping 7 hours without awakening.
Answer:
Answer 4.
Rationale: Temazepma (Restoril) is a benzodiazepine ordered for insomnia. Therefore, the patient
should be experiencing relief from insomnia and reporting feeling rested when awakening. Options
1, 2, and 3 are incorrect. Sleeping 3 hours or less would indicate less than therapeutic effects.
Whereas some benzodiazepines are used in the treatment of anxiety or panic disorders,
temazepam's primary use is in the treatment of insomnia.
Question:
A 32-year-old female patient has been taking lorazepam (Ativan) for her anxiety and is brought
into the emergency department after taking 30-days' worth at one time. What antagonist for
benzodiazepines may be used in this case? 1. Epinephrine 2. Atropine 3. Flumazenil 4. Naloxone
Answer:
Answer 3.
,Rationale: The competitive antagonist drug used in cases of benzodiazepine overdose is flumazenil
(Romazicon). Option 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect. Epinephirne, an adrenergic agonist, is not an
antagonist to the benzodiazepines. Atropine is an anticholinergic, and naloxone is a competitive
antagonist to opioid (narcotic) drugs.
Question:
A 17-year-old patient has been prescribed escitalopram (Lexapro) for increasing anxiety
uncontrolled by other treatment measures. Because of this patient's age, the nurse will ensure that
the patient and parents are taught what important information? 1. Cigarette smoking will counteract
the effects of the drug. 2. Signs of increasing depression or thoughts of suicide should be reported
immediately. 3. The drug causes dizziness and alternative schooling arrangements may be needed
for the first two months of use. 4. Anxiety and excitability may increase during the first two weeks
of use but then will have significant improvement.
Answer:
Answer 2.
Rationale: Escitalopram (Lexapro) is an antidepressant in the SSRI class. The drug carries a black
box warning of increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young
adults. Signs of increasing depression or suicidal thoughts should be reported immediately. Options
1, 3, and 4 are incorrect. Smoking has no direct effects on escitalopram. Although dizziness may
occur, it should not be significant enough to warrant a change in schooling needs. Escitalopram
should not cause increased anxiety or excitability in the first few weeks of use, and other causes
should be investigated should these occur.
Question:
Zolpidem (Ambien) has been ordered for a client for the treatment of insomnia. What information
will the nurse provide for this client? (Select all that apply.) 1. Be cautious when performing
morning activities because it may cause a significant "hungover" effect with drowsiness and
dizziness. 2. Take the drug with food; this enhances the absorption for quicker effects. 3. Take the
drug immediately before going to bed; it has a quick onset of action. 4. If the insomnia is
long-lasting, this drug may be safely used for up to a year. 5. Alcohol and other drugs that cause
CNS depression should be avoided while taking this drug.
Answer:
Answer 3 and 5.
Rationale: Zolpidem (Ambien, Intermezzo) has a rapid onset, approximately 7 to 27 minutes, and
should be taken immediately before going to bed. It should not be taken with alcohol or other drugs
that cause CNS depression because of increased sedation and CNS depression. Option 1, 2, and 4
are incorrect.. Taking the drug with food will significantly impair its absorption and the onset of
action may be delayed. Zolpidem has a duration of action of approximately 6 to 8 hours. Depending
, on when the drug is taken the night before, significant "hangover" effects such as sedation are not
likely to occur as with other drugs in the category. The drug is approved for short-term treatment of
insomnia only.
Question:
Education given to clients about the use of all drugs to treat insomnia should include an emphasis
on what important issue? 1. They will be required long-term to achieve long-lasting effects. 2. They
require frequent blood counts to avoid adverse effects. 3. They are among the safest drugs available
and have few adverse effects. 4. Long-term use may increase the risk of adverse effects, create a
"sleep debt", and cause rebound insomnia when stopped.
Answer:
Answer 4.
Rationale: Long-term use of drugs to treat insomnia is not recommended. They have significant
adverse effects, may cause a "sleep debt" due to effects on the sleep cycle, and may cause rebound
insomnia when discontinued. Option 1, 2, and 3 are incorrect. Many of the drugs used for insomnia
have significant adverse effects and are not used long term. Whereas some drugs in the category
may require concurrent blood counts, this is not required for all drugs in the category.
Question:
An 8-year-old boy is evaluated and diagnosed with absence seizures. He is started on ethosuximide
(Zarontin). Which information should the nurse provide the parents? 1. After-school sports
activities will need to be stopped because they will increase the risk of seizures. 2. Monitor height
and weight to assess that growth is progressing normally. 3. Fractures may occur, so increase the
amount of vitamin D and calcium-rosh foods in the diet. 4. Avoid dehydration with activities and
increase fluid intake.
Answer:
Answer 2.
Rationale: Because adverse drug effects such as nausea, anorexia, or abdominal pain may occur
with ethosuximide (Zarontin), the parents should monitor the child's height and weight to assess
whether nutritional intake is sufficient for normal growth and development. Options 1, 3, and 4 are
incorrect. Physical activity does not increase the risk of seizure activity or need to be curtailed, and
the drug does not affect bone growth or require extra vitamin D or calcium in the diet. Dehydration
is a condition to be avoided in all clients, although increasing fluid intake is not necessarily related
to the use of ethosuximide.
Question:
The nurse is providing education for a 12-year-old client with partial seizures currently prescribed
valproic acid (Depakene). The nurse will teach the client and the parents to immediately report
A+
Question:
The nurse should assess a patient who is taking lorazepam (Ativan) for the development of which
of these adverse effect? 1. Tachypnea 2. Astigmatism 3. Ataxia 4. Euphoria
Answer:
Answer 3.
Rationale: Adverse CNS effects for lorazepam (Ativan) include ataxia, amnesia, weakness,
disorientation, blurred vision, diplopia, nausea, and vomiting. Option 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect.
Lorazepam is not known to cause tachycardia, astigmatism, or euphoria. If these symptoms occur,
the patient should be assessed for other causative factors.
Question:
A patient is receiving temazepam (Restoril). Which of these responses should a nurse expert the
patient to have if the medication is achieving the desired effects? 1. The patient sleeps in 3-hours
intervals, awakens for a short time, and then falls back to sleep. 2. The patient reports feeling less
anxiety during activities of daily living. 3. The patient reports having fewer episodes of panic
attacks when stressed. 4. The patient reports sleeping 7 hours without awakening.
Answer:
Answer 4.
Rationale: Temazepma (Restoril) is a benzodiazepine ordered for insomnia. Therefore, the patient
should be experiencing relief from insomnia and reporting feeling rested when awakening. Options
1, 2, and 3 are incorrect. Sleeping 3 hours or less would indicate less than therapeutic effects.
Whereas some benzodiazepines are used in the treatment of anxiety or panic disorders,
temazepam's primary use is in the treatment of insomnia.
Question:
A 32-year-old female patient has been taking lorazepam (Ativan) for her anxiety and is brought
into the emergency department after taking 30-days' worth at one time. What antagonist for
benzodiazepines may be used in this case? 1. Epinephrine 2. Atropine 3. Flumazenil 4. Naloxone
Answer:
Answer 3.
,Rationale: The competitive antagonist drug used in cases of benzodiazepine overdose is flumazenil
(Romazicon). Option 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect. Epinephirne, an adrenergic agonist, is not an
antagonist to the benzodiazepines. Atropine is an anticholinergic, and naloxone is a competitive
antagonist to opioid (narcotic) drugs.
Question:
A 17-year-old patient has been prescribed escitalopram (Lexapro) for increasing anxiety
uncontrolled by other treatment measures. Because of this patient's age, the nurse will ensure that
the patient and parents are taught what important information? 1. Cigarette smoking will counteract
the effects of the drug. 2. Signs of increasing depression or thoughts of suicide should be reported
immediately. 3. The drug causes dizziness and alternative schooling arrangements may be needed
for the first two months of use. 4. Anxiety and excitability may increase during the first two weeks
of use but then will have significant improvement.
Answer:
Answer 2.
Rationale: Escitalopram (Lexapro) is an antidepressant in the SSRI class. The drug carries a black
box warning of increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young
adults. Signs of increasing depression or suicidal thoughts should be reported immediately. Options
1, 3, and 4 are incorrect. Smoking has no direct effects on escitalopram. Although dizziness may
occur, it should not be significant enough to warrant a change in schooling needs. Escitalopram
should not cause increased anxiety or excitability in the first few weeks of use, and other causes
should be investigated should these occur.
Question:
Zolpidem (Ambien) has been ordered for a client for the treatment of insomnia. What information
will the nurse provide for this client? (Select all that apply.) 1. Be cautious when performing
morning activities because it may cause a significant "hungover" effect with drowsiness and
dizziness. 2. Take the drug with food; this enhances the absorption for quicker effects. 3. Take the
drug immediately before going to bed; it has a quick onset of action. 4. If the insomnia is
long-lasting, this drug may be safely used for up to a year. 5. Alcohol and other drugs that cause
CNS depression should be avoided while taking this drug.
Answer:
Answer 3 and 5.
Rationale: Zolpidem (Ambien, Intermezzo) has a rapid onset, approximately 7 to 27 minutes, and
should be taken immediately before going to bed. It should not be taken with alcohol or other drugs
that cause CNS depression because of increased sedation and CNS depression. Option 1, 2, and 4
are incorrect.. Taking the drug with food will significantly impair its absorption and the onset of
action may be delayed. Zolpidem has a duration of action of approximately 6 to 8 hours. Depending
, on when the drug is taken the night before, significant "hangover" effects such as sedation are not
likely to occur as with other drugs in the category. The drug is approved for short-term treatment of
insomnia only.
Question:
Education given to clients about the use of all drugs to treat insomnia should include an emphasis
on what important issue? 1. They will be required long-term to achieve long-lasting effects. 2. They
require frequent blood counts to avoid adverse effects. 3. They are among the safest drugs available
and have few adverse effects. 4. Long-term use may increase the risk of adverse effects, create a
"sleep debt", and cause rebound insomnia when stopped.
Answer:
Answer 4.
Rationale: Long-term use of drugs to treat insomnia is not recommended. They have significant
adverse effects, may cause a "sleep debt" due to effects on the sleep cycle, and may cause rebound
insomnia when discontinued. Option 1, 2, and 3 are incorrect. Many of the drugs used for insomnia
have significant adverse effects and are not used long term. Whereas some drugs in the category
may require concurrent blood counts, this is not required for all drugs in the category.
Question:
An 8-year-old boy is evaluated and diagnosed with absence seizures. He is started on ethosuximide
(Zarontin). Which information should the nurse provide the parents? 1. After-school sports
activities will need to be stopped because they will increase the risk of seizures. 2. Monitor height
and weight to assess that growth is progressing normally. 3. Fractures may occur, so increase the
amount of vitamin D and calcium-rosh foods in the diet. 4. Avoid dehydration with activities and
increase fluid intake.
Answer:
Answer 2.
Rationale: Because adverse drug effects such as nausea, anorexia, or abdominal pain may occur
with ethosuximide (Zarontin), the parents should monitor the child's height and weight to assess
whether nutritional intake is sufficient for normal growth and development. Options 1, 3, and 4 are
incorrect. Physical activity does not increase the risk of seizure activity or need to be curtailed, and
the drug does not affect bone growth or require extra vitamin D or calcium in the diet. Dehydration
is a condition to be avoided in all clients, although increasing fluid intake is not necessarily related
to the use of ethosuximide.
Question:
The nurse is providing education for a 12-year-old client with partial seizures currently prescribed
valproic acid (Depakene). The nurse will teach the client and the parents to immediately report
