SANS 401 GSEC Exam Test Questions and Answers Graded A+
Network Topology The Physical/Logical shape of a network
Gives the description for the physical layout, shows VLAN's
Logical Topology
and where they are placed on the physical topology
Trunk Port Connects packets that travel to all VLAN's on a switch
Baseband Systems Transmits one signal on the medium (fiber, copper, etc)
Broadband Form of multiplexing to join multiple signals on a medium
Designed as baseband system that can be used in multi-
Ethernet
plexing
CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ Collision Detection
Unicast Broadcast for a single device
Multicast Broadcast for a specific group or multiple devices
Broadcast Message for everyone to receive and process
Hub Broadcasts packets to every single port
Switch Broadcasts packets to device found on a singular port
Is a table that contains the MAC address and port associ-
Content Addressable Memory (CAM)
ated to that MAC Address
Splitting a switch in which certain ports can only talk to
Virtual LAN (VLAN)
certain ports (Segment networks within a switch)
A ditterent way of switching packets that can be used on a
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)
dedicated line
Network Access Control that is a layer 2 authentication
802.1x
(Credentialed Question of 2FA)
A security appliance should be set in place when There is a change in trust level in the network
is an agreement or rules of engagement for how comput-
Protocol
er networks communicate
OSI Protocol Stack (7)
, SANS 401 GSEC Exam Test Questions and Answers Graded A+
Layer 7) Application
Layer 6) Presentation
Layer 5) Session
Layer 4) Transport
Layer 3) Network
Layer 2) Data Link
Layer 1) Physical
Application Layer 7 OSI Stack Browsers, FTP, HTTP, SCP
Presentation Layer 6 OSI Stack Makes data presentable to the application or user (ASCII)
Handles the establishment/maintenance of connections
Session Layer 5 OSI Stack
between systems
Determines that application the packet should be sent to
Transport Layer 4 OSI Stack
through port numbers (Web on 80,443)
Moving packets from one network to another network,
Network Layer 3 OSI Stack
uses logical addressing instead of physical addressing
Data Link Layer 2 OSI Stack Takes a packet and frames it suitable for transmission
Physical Layer 1 OSI Stack Network cable, electromagnetic radiation
Layer 4) Application
Layer 3) Transport (TCP/UDP)
TCP/IP Protocol Stack (4)
Layer 2) Internet (IP)
Layer 1) Network
Network Address in: 10.1.2.0/24 Subnet 10.1.2.0
Broadcast Address in: 10.1.2.0/24 Subnet 10.1.2.255
N.H.H.H, 255.0.0.0 - 1-127
Class A CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range) 10.0.0.0/8
16.7 Million IP's
Class B CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range)
Network Topology The Physical/Logical shape of a network
Gives the description for the physical layout, shows VLAN's
Logical Topology
and where they are placed on the physical topology
Trunk Port Connects packets that travel to all VLAN's on a switch
Baseband Systems Transmits one signal on the medium (fiber, copper, etc)
Broadband Form of multiplexing to join multiple signals on a medium
Designed as baseband system that can be used in multi-
Ethernet
plexing
CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ Collision Detection
Unicast Broadcast for a single device
Multicast Broadcast for a specific group or multiple devices
Broadcast Message for everyone to receive and process
Hub Broadcasts packets to every single port
Switch Broadcasts packets to device found on a singular port
Is a table that contains the MAC address and port associ-
Content Addressable Memory (CAM)
ated to that MAC Address
Splitting a switch in which certain ports can only talk to
Virtual LAN (VLAN)
certain ports (Segment networks within a switch)
A ditterent way of switching packets that can be used on a
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)
dedicated line
Network Access Control that is a layer 2 authentication
802.1x
(Credentialed Question of 2FA)
A security appliance should be set in place when There is a change in trust level in the network
is an agreement or rules of engagement for how comput-
Protocol
er networks communicate
OSI Protocol Stack (7)
, SANS 401 GSEC Exam Test Questions and Answers Graded A+
Layer 7) Application
Layer 6) Presentation
Layer 5) Session
Layer 4) Transport
Layer 3) Network
Layer 2) Data Link
Layer 1) Physical
Application Layer 7 OSI Stack Browsers, FTP, HTTP, SCP
Presentation Layer 6 OSI Stack Makes data presentable to the application or user (ASCII)
Handles the establishment/maintenance of connections
Session Layer 5 OSI Stack
between systems
Determines that application the packet should be sent to
Transport Layer 4 OSI Stack
through port numbers (Web on 80,443)
Moving packets from one network to another network,
Network Layer 3 OSI Stack
uses logical addressing instead of physical addressing
Data Link Layer 2 OSI Stack Takes a packet and frames it suitable for transmission
Physical Layer 1 OSI Stack Network cable, electromagnetic radiation
Layer 4) Application
Layer 3) Transport (TCP/UDP)
TCP/IP Protocol Stack (4)
Layer 2) Internet (IP)
Layer 1) Network
Network Address in: 10.1.2.0/24 Subnet 10.1.2.0
Broadcast Address in: 10.1.2.0/24 Subnet 10.1.2.255
N.H.H.H, 255.0.0.0 - 1-127
Class A CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range) 10.0.0.0/8
16.7 Million IP's
Class B CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range)
