AS LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY AQA COURSE
REVIEW SOLVED QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION
●● Wilhelm Wundt
Answer: -In 1873 Wilhelm Wundt published the first lab in Leipzig,
Germany
-He broke down behaviours into their basic elements, his approach
became known as structuralism
-He was the first one to say you could study the mind
●● Introspection
Answer: Examining one's own mental activity and breaking down
conscious awareness into basic structures of thoughts and sensations. To
inspect the human mind
●● The Behaviourist Approach
Answer: A way of explaining behaviour in terms of what is observable
and in terms of learning
●● The Behaviourist Approach: Assumption
Answer: -All behaviour is learned through experience and can be
explained in terms of classical conditioning and operant conditioning
,-Only observable behaviour is relevant; references to mental processes
are unnecessary
-Human behaviour is qualitatively no from non-human behaviour
●● Pavlov (1927)
Answer: Focus on animal responses to new stimuli (must have correct
amount of sensitivity, otherwise overwhelming)
●● Classical Conditioning
Answer: A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly
paired
Before Conditioning:
USC = UCR
NS ≠ UCR
During Conditioning:
UCS + NS = UCR
After Conditioning:
CS = CR
●● Generalisation
, Answer: The conditioned response is produced when a similar stimulus
to the original conditioned stimulus is presented
●● Discrimination
Answer: The capacity to distinguish between similar but distinct stimuli
●● Extinction
Answer: The diminishing of a conditioned response; occurs in classical
conditioning when an unconditioned stimulus (US) does not follow a
conditioned stimulus (CS); occurs in operant conditioning when a
response is no longer reinforced
●● Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
Answer: In classical conditioning, a stimulus that unconditionally—
naturally and automatically—triggers a response
●● Unconditioned response (UCR)
Answer: In classical conditioning, the unlearned, naturally occurring
response to the unconditioned stimulus (UCS), such as salivation when
food is in the mouth
●● Neutral Stimulus (NS)
Answer: In classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits no response
before conditioning
REVIEW SOLVED QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION
●● Wilhelm Wundt
Answer: -In 1873 Wilhelm Wundt published the first lab in Leipzig,
Germany
-He broke down behaviours into their basic elements, his approach
became known as structuralism
-He was the first one to say you could study the mind
●● Introspection
Answer: Examining one's own mental activity and breaking down
conscious awareness into basic structures of thoughts and sensations. To
inspect the human mind
●● The Behaviourist Approach
Answer: A way of explaining behaviour in terms of what is observable
and in terms of learning
●● The Behaviourist Approach: Assumption
Answer: -All behaviour is learned through experience and can be
explained in terms of classical conditioning and operant conditioning
,-Only observable behaviour is relevant; references to mental processes
are unnecessary
-Human behaviour is qualitatively no from non-human behaviour
●● Pavlov (1927)
Answer: Focus on animal responses to new stimuli (must have correct
amount of sensitivity, otherwise overwhelming)
●● Classical Conditioning
Answer: A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly
paired
Before Conditioning:
USC = UCR
NS ≠ UCR
During Conditioning:
UCS + NS = UCR
After Conditioning:
CS = CR
●● Generalisation
, Answer: The conditioned response is produced when a similar stimulus
to the original conditioned stimulus is presented
●● Discrimination
Answer: The capacity to distinguish between similar but distinct stimuli
●● Extinction
Answer: The diminishing of a conditioned response; occurs in classical
conditioning when an unconditioned stimulus (US) does not follow a
conditioned stimulus (CS); occurs in operant conditioning when a
response is no longer reinforced
●● Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
Answer: In classical conditioning, a stimulus that unconditionally—
naturally and automatically—triggers a response
●● Unconditioned response (UCR)
Answer: In classical conditioning, the unlearned, naturally occurring
response to the unconditioned stimulus (UCS), such as salivation when
food is in the mouth
●● Neutral Stimulus (NS)
Answer: In classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits no response
before conditioning
