PHIL 202 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
What does "renaissance" mean? - Answers - "new birth"
What was the Renaissance a rebirth of? - Answers - Greco-Roman culture
What parts of Greco-Roman culture were emphasized in the Renaissance? (5) -
Answers - - literature
- philosophy
- art
- architecture
- humanism/humanities
Explain the history of Greek Philosophy texts and how they are related to the
Renaissance - Answers - In the height of Athens, Greek philosophy texts were spread
to the East (Ottoman Empire) and the West (Rome) - large awareness of Athenian
writings. Then Rome fell, leading to the Medieval Era. In the 1200-1400s, Wealthy
Florentines (Medici family) traded with the Ottomans, Greek texts were translated into
Latin and reintroduced to Italy
Which aspects of Greek philosophy/ideas were re-introduced leading up to and during
the Renaissance? (4) - Answers - - atomism
- humanistic ethics
- political theory
- rhetoric
What are some general characteristics of Medieval art?
(2) - Answers - - intentionally flat, 2D
- focus on Biblical figures and themes
What are some general characteristics of Greco-Roman art? (3) - Answers - - realism
- focus on the human form
- pagan heroes, gods, and themes
What are some general characteristics of Renaissance art? (3) - Answers - - realism
- focus on the human form
- Christian Saints and themes
List some events and developments that led to the Renaissance (4) - Answers - -
wealthy Florentines traded with Ottoman Empire, got translated Greek texts
- improvements to oil painting (mid 15th c)
- new study of anatomy
, - archeology and the study of Roman architecture
What are some classic characteristics of Greek architecture? - Answers - - symmetry
and the Golden Ratio
- Greek columns
- post and lintel system (define)
What are some classic characteristics of Roman architecture? - Answers - - symmetry,
Golden Ratio
- Greek columns
- arches and domes
What architectural characteristics does St. Peter's Basilica have? - Answers - Roman
domes and arches
Greek columns and post and lintel system
What are some elements of Greco-Roman and Renaissance culture found in Raphael's
School of Athens? - Answers - - A bunch of philosophers (Plato, Aristotle, Socrates, etc)
- Greek gods
- Greek columns and roman arches
- cross-shaped cathedral
How did the focus on humanism in the Renaissance effect Renaissance art? - Answers
- things like the statue of David, the painting by Michaelangelo in the Sistine Chapel
What period of time came directly after (and was caused by) the Renaissance? -
Answers - the Reformation
Explain the events leading up to Martin Luther publishing his 95 Theses - Answers - -
Pope builds St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City using indulgences (1515)
- John Tetzel sells Indulgences in Germany (1517)
- Luther publishes Theses (1517)
Define indulgence - Answers - a pardon releasing a person from punishments or
shortening time in purgatory from sinning
Explain the Catholic conception of sin - Answers - 2 consequences for sin:
1) guilt
2) punishment
Penance/repentance
- Some parts of penance remove guilt, some parts reduce punishment
Removes guilt:
1) contrition (remorse)
2) confession
ANSWERS
What does "renaissance" mean? - Answers - "new birth"
What was the Renaissance a rebirth of? - Answers - Greco-Roman culture
What parts of Greco-Roman culture were emphasized in the Renaissance? (5) -
Answers - - literature
- philosophy
- art
- architecture
- humanism/humanities
Explain the history of Greek Philosophy texts and how they are related to the
Renaissance - Answers - In the height of Athens, Greek philosophy texts were spread
to the East (Ottoman Empire) and the West (Rome) - large awareness of Athenian
writings. Then Rome fell, leading to the Medieval Era. In the 1200-1400s, Wealthy
Florentines (Medici family) traded with the Ottomans, Greek texts were translated into
Latin and reintroduced to Italy
Which aspects of Greek philosophy/ideas were re-introduced leading up to and during
the Renaissance? (4) - Answers - - atomism
- humanistic ethics
- political theory
- rhetoric
What are some general characteristics of Medieval art?
(2) - Answers - - intentionally flat, 2D
- focus on Biblical figures and themes
What are some general characteristics of Greco-Roman art? (3) - Answers - - realism
- focus on the human form
- pagan heroes, gods, and themes
What are some general characteristics of Renaissance art? (3) - Answers - - realism
- focus on the human form
- Christian Saints and themes
List some events and developments that led to the Renaissance (4) - Answers - -
wealthy Florentines traded with Ottoman Empire, got translated Greek texts
- improvements to oil painting (mid 15th c)
- new study of anatomy
, - archeology and the study of Roman architecture
What are some classic characteristics of Greek architecture? - Answers - - symmetry
and the Golden Ratio
- Greek columns
- post and lintel system (define)
What are some classic characteristics of Roman architecture? - Answers - - symmetry,
Golden Ratio
- Greek columns
- arches and domes
What architectural characteristics does St. Peter's Basilica have? - Answers - Roman
domes and arches
Greek columns and post and lintel system
What are some elements of Greco-Roman and Renaissance culture found in Raphael's
School of Athens? - Answers - - A bunch of philosophers (Plato, Aristotle, Socrates, etc)
- Greek gods
- Greek columns and roman arches
- cross-shaped cathedral
How did the focus on humanism in the Renaissance effect Renaissance art? - Answers
- things like the statue of David, the painting by Michaelangelo in the Sistine Chapel
What period of time came directly after (and was caused by) the Renaissance? -
Answers - the Reformation
Explain the events leading up to Martin Luther publishing his 95 Theses - Answers - -
Pope builds St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City using indulgences (1515)
- John Tetzel sells Indulgences in Germany (1517)
- Luther publishes Theses (1517)
Define indulgence - Answers - a pardon releasing a person from punishments or
shortening time in purgatory from sinning
Explain the Catholic conception of sin - Answers - 2 consequences for sin:
1) guilt
2) punishment
Penance/repentance
- Some parts of penance remove guilt, some parts reduce punishment
Removes guilt:
1) contrition (remorse)
2) confession
