BIOL 271 Module 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
Are viruses microorganisms? Correct Answers "No, viruses are
not living and therefore not microorganisms, but they are still
classified as microbes."
Give an example of a polysaccharide. Correct Answers "Starch
(plants), glycogen (animals), cellulose (plants), chitin (fungi)."
How do eukaryotic membranes differ from prokaryotic ones?
Correct Answers Eukaryotic membranes contain cholesterol;
prokaryotic membranes do not.
How many amino acids are there? Correct Answers "20 total, 9
of which are essential and must come from food."
What are beneficial roles of microbes? Correct Answers "Aid
digestion, protect against harmful invaders, help crops grow, and
are used in biotechnology (e.g., antibiotics and fermentation)."
What are carbohydrates made of? Correct Answers "Carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio."
What are extremophiles? Correct Answers "Archaea that live
in extreme environments such as high heat, acidity, or salinity."
What are harmful roles of microbes? Correct Answers "They
cause diseases and infections in humans, animals, and plants."
What are lipids composed of? Correct Answers Hydrophobic
hydrocarbons (carbon and hydrogen).
, What are microorganisms? Correct Answers "Living
microscopic organisms such as bacteria, archaea, fungi,
protozoa, and algae."
What are nucleic acids made of? Correct Answers Nucleotides
(phosphate group + sugar + nitrogenous base).
What are proteins made of? Correct Answers Amino acids.
What are the base pairs in DNA? Correct Answers Adenine-
Thymine (A-T) and Guanine-Cytosine (G-C).
What are the base pairs in RNA? Correct Answers Adenine-
Uracil (A-U) and Guanine-Cytosine (G-C).
What are the four kingdoms within Eukarya? Correct Answers
"Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, and Protista."
What are the four main bacterial shapes? Correct Answers
"Coccus (spherical), Bacillus (rod), Vibrio (curved rod), and
Spirillum (spiral)."
What are the four major macromolecules? Correct Answers
"Proteins, Nucleic Acids, Lipids, and Carbohydrates."
What are the functions of proteins? Correct Answers
"Enzymatic reactions, structure, transport, and movement."
What are the main functions of lipids? Correct Answers Form
cell membranes and store energy.
Are viruses microorganisms? Correct Answers "No, viruses are
not living and therefore not microorganisms, but they are still
classified as microbes."
Give an example of a polysaccharide. Correct Answers "Starch
(plants), glycogen (animals), cellulose (plants), chitin (fungi)."
How do eukaryotic membranes differ from prokaryotic ones?
Correct Answers Eukaryotic membranes contain cholesterol;
prokaryotic membranes do not.
How many amino acids are there? Correct Answers "20 total, 9
of which are essential and must come from food."
What are beneficial roles of microbes? Correct Answers "Aid
digestion, protect against harmful invaders, help crops grow, and
are used in biotechnology (e.g., antibiotics and fermentation)."
What are carbohydrates made of? Correct Answers "Carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio."
What are extremophiles? Correct Answers "Archaea that live
in extreme environments such as high heat, acidity, or salinity."
What are harmful roles of microbes? Correct Answers "They
cause diseases and infections in humans, animals, and plants."
What are lipids composed of? Correct Answers Hydrophobic
hydrocarbons (carbon and hydrogen).
, What are microorganisms? Correct Answers "Living
microscopic organisms such as bacteria, archaea, fungi,
protozoa, and algae."
What are nucleic acids made of? Correct Answers Nucleotides
(phosphate group + sugar + nitrogenous base).
What are proteins made of? Correct Answers Amino acids.
What are the base pairs in DNA? Correct Answers Adenine-
Thymine (A-T) and Guanine-Cytosine (G-C).
What are the base pairs in RNA? Correct Answers Adenine-
Uracil (A-U) and Guanine-Cytosine (G-C).
What are the four kingdoms within Eukarya? Correct Answers
"Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, and Protista."
What are the four main bacterial shapes? Correct Answers
"Coccus (spherical), Bacillus (rod), Vibrio (curved rod), and
Spirillum (spiral)."
What are the four major macromolecules? Correct Answers
"Proteins, Nucleic Acids, Lipids, and Carbohydrates."
What are the functions of proteins? Correct Answers
"Enzymatic reactions, structure, transport, and movement."
What are the main functions of lipids? Correct Answers Form
cell membranes and store energy.
