NSG-316 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.

NSG-316 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS.



Myocardium - ans-heart muscle that surrounds ventricles and atrium cx cxcx cx cx cx cx cx cx




Atria are thinner as they need to pump less strong
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




pericardium - ans-external layer that protects heart from injury/infection
cx cxcx cx cx cx cx cx cx




endocardium - ans-3 layered membrane that lines heart chambers cx cxcx cx cx cx cx cx cx




blockage of coronary arteries can lead to - ans-heart attack or stroke
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cxcx cx cx cx




heart failure - ans-increased pressure of cardiac overload
cx cx cxcx cx cx cx cx




-pulm congestion cx




-inc amount of blood in pulm capillaries
cx cx cx cx cx cx




Left sided heart failure - ans-dyspnea/SOB, pulmonary edema
cx cx cx cx cxcx cx cx




right sided heart failure - ans-blood back up in the periphery and will present with edema
cx cx cx cx cxcx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




cardiomegaly - ans- cx cxcx




abnormal enlargement of the heart due to over working to compensate for decreased functi
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




on

frequency - ans-high pitched or low pitched cx cxcx cx cx cx cx




what should you use the diaphragm of a stethoscope for - ans-high pitched, normal sounds
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cxcx cx cx cx




what should you use the bell of a stethoscope for - ans-
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cxcx




low pitched, abnormal heart sounds, murmurs
cx cx cx cx cx




intensity/loudness - ans-loud or soft cx cxcx cx cx




duration - ans-short heart sounds, or silent periods
cx cxcx cx cx cx cx cx




timing - ans-systole or diastole
cx cxcx cx cx




carotid artery/pulse - ans-found in the neck. feel one at a time. S1 is felt
cx cx cxcx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




what is the most diminished pulse in the aging adult - ans-pedal pulse
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cxcx cx




normal heart sounds - ans-S1 and S2
cx cx cx cxcx cx cx

, S1 heart sound - ans--occurs with closure of mitral and tricuspid valves (AV valve)
cx cx cx cxcx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




-"lub" sound cx




-loudest at apex (5th intercostal space at midclavicular line)
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




S2 heart sound - ans--occurs with closure of aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar valves)
cx cx cx cxcx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




-"dub" sound cx




-loudest at base of heart (2nd intercostal space)
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




abnormal heart sounds - ans-S3 and S4 sounds, murmurs, and bruits
cx cx cx cxcx cx cx cx cx cx cx




S3 heart sounds - ans--not usually heard
cx cx cx cxcx cx cx




-gallop sound cx




-indication of HF cx cx




-occurs with ventricular resistance of filling
cx cx cx cx cx




S4 heart sounds - ans--create vibrations
cx cx cx cxcx cx




-can be heard right before S1 sound
cx cx cx cx cx cx




-occurs at end of diastole when ventricles resist filling
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




murmurs - ans--from turbulent blood flow cx cxcx cx cx cx




-heard directly over heart cx cx cx




-gentle blowing/swooshing sound cx cx




murmur loudness scale - ans-1-3: no thrill cx cx cx cxcx cx cx




4: feel thrill
cx cx




5-6: feel and hear thrill
cx cx cx cx




5: hear thrill through stethoscope
cx cx cx cx




6: can hear thrill without stethoscope
cx cx cx cx cx




timing of murmur - ans-early, middle, late, systole/diastole (S1/S2)
cx cx cx cxcx cx cx cx cx




murmur pitch - ans-high, medium, low cx cx cxcx cx cx




murmur pattern - ans-grows louder or softer cx cx cxcx cx cx cx




murmur quality - ans-musical, flowing, harshcx cx cxcx cx cx




murmur location - ans-valve/space it is heard at
cx cx cxcx cx cx cx cx




murmur radiation - ans-down with blood flow cx cx cxcx cx cx cx




murmur posture - ans-disappear/enhance with different pos.
cx cx cxcx cx cx cx




systolic murmur - ans--heard in between S1 and S2
cx cx cxcx cx cx cx cx cx




-Mitral/Tricuspid stenosis/regurgitation, mitral valve prolapse cx cx cx cx