2025 AP PSYCHOLOGY AP EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS

2025 AP PSYCHOLOGY AP EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS




absolute threshold - cx cx




ansThe minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




accomodation (cognition) - cx cx




ansIn the context of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, the process of modifyin
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




g existing cognitive schemas (mental structures) or creating new ones to incorporate new i
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




nformation or experiences. cx cx




accomodation (vision) - cx cx




ansIn vision, the process by which the lens of the eye shifts to focus on a particular object.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




Acetylcholine - ansA neurotransmitter involved in muscle activation, memory, and learning. cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




achievement motivation - cx cx




ansthe desire to excel, succeed, or accomplish challenging goals, often driven by the purs
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




uit of competence, mastery, or recognition in specific domains or tasks.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




achievement test - cx cx




ansA test designed to assess what a person has learned or accomplished in a particular ar
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ea, such as academic subjects or job-related skills.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




acquisition - cx




ansthe initial stage of learning when a response is first established and gradually strengthe
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ned through reinforcement
cx cx




action potential - cx cx




ansA brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron, generated by the move
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ment of positively charged atoms in and out of channels in the neuron's membrane.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




Activation-Synthesis Theory - cx cx




ansA theory of dreaming that suggests dreams are the brain's attempt to make sense of ra
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ndom neural activity. cx cx




active listening - cx cx




ansa communication technique used in therapy and counseling that involves fully concentr
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ating, understanding, responding, and empathizing with what the speaker is saying, throug
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




h verbal and nonverbal cues, to facilitate deeper understanding and rapport.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx

,actor-observer bias - cx cx




ansthe tendency to attribute one's own behavior to external factors while attributing others'
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




behavior to internal factors, particularly in situations where one is the actor (participant) ver
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




sus the observer.
cx cx




acute schizophrenia - cx cx




ansa subtype of schizophrenia characterized by sudden onset of psychotic symptoms, ofte
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




n accompanied by emotional turmoil, confusion, or behavioral disturbances, which may req
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




uire immediate intervention and stabilization.
cx cx cx cx




adaptation-level phenomenon - cx cx




ansa cognitive bias in which individuals adapt to and become accustomed to their current l
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




evel of environmental stimuli or life circumstances, thereby recalibrating their expectations
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




and judgments over time.
cx cx cx




addiction - cx




ansA complex condition characterized by compulsive drug use or behaviors despite harmf
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ul consequences.
cx




adolescence - cx




ansthe transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




during the teenage years, marked by puberty, identity exploration, and increased autonom
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




y.

Adulthood - cx




ansThe stage of life after adolescence, characterized by full development and maturity, typ
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ically defined by milestones such as career establishment and family formation.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) - cx cx cx cx




ansPotentially traumatic events that occur in childhood, such as abuse, neglect, and house
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




hold dysfunction. cx




aerobic exercise - cx cx




ansphysical activity that increases heart rate and oxygen consumption over an extended p
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




eriod, such as running, swimming, or cycling, which has been shown to improve physical he
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




alth, mental well-being, and cognitive function.
cx cx cx cx cx




agonist - ansA drug or chemical that enhances the activity of neurotransmitters.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




agoraphobia - cx




ansan anxiety disorder characterized by fear or avoidance of situations or places where es
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




cape or help may be difficult or embarrassing in the event of a panic attack or other anxiety s
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ymptoms, such as crowded spaces, public transportation, or open spaces.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx

,Agreeableness - cx




ansA personality trait that reflects a person's tendency to be compassionate and cooperati
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ve.

Alarm Stage - ansThe initial reaction to stress, activating the fight-or-flight response.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




Albert Bandura - cx cx




ansa psychologist known for his contributions to social learning theory and the concept of s
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




elf-
efficacy; conducted the famous Bobo doll experiment, which demonstrated observational l
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




earning and the influence of role models on behavior.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




Alcohol - cx




ansA depressant that slows down the central nervous system, impairing cognitive and mot
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




or functions.
cx




algorithm - ansA step-by- cx cx cx




step procedure or formula for solving a problem, often involving repetitive operations.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




all-or-none response - cx cx




ansThe principle that a neuron either fires completely or does not fire at all.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




alpha waves - cx cx




ansThe relatively slow brain waves associated with relaxation and wakefulness.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




altruism - ansselfless behavior or actions that are motivated by concern for the well-
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




being or welfare of others, without expecting any personal benefit or reward in return.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




Alzheimer's Disease - cx cx




ansA progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss, language d
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




eterioration, and impaired ability to mentally manipulate visual information.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




Amnesia - ansA significant memory loss that is too extensive to be due to normal forgetting.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




Amplitude - ansThe height of a wave, which determines the loudness of a sound.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




amygdala - cx




ansA limbic system structure involved in processing emotions, particularly fear and aggres
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




sion.

Animism - cx




ansThe belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities and are capable of action, comm
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




on in young children.
cx cx cx




anorexia nervosa - cx cx




ansan eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, l
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx

, eading to severe restriction of food intake, excessive exercise, and distorted body image, of
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ten resulting in significant weight loss and medical complications.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




antagonist - ansA drug or chemical that inhibits or blocks the action of neurotransmitters.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




anterograde amnesia - cx cx




ansA type of memory impairment characterized by the inability to form new memories after
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




a specific event or injury, while memories from before the event remain intact.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




anti-social personality disorder - cx cx cx




ansa personality disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violatio
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




n of the rights of others, lack of empathy or remorse, and impulsive or antisocial behavior, of
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ten beginning in adolescence or early adulthood.
cx cx cx cx cx cx




antianxiety drugs - cx cx




ansalso known as anxiolytics or benzodiazepines, medications used to alleviate symptom
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




s of anxiety disorders by enhancing the activity of neurotransmitters such as gamma-
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




aminobutyric acid (GABA), which has calming effects on the central nervous system. cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




antidepressants - cx




ansmedications used to treat symptoms of depressive disorders by increasing the levels of
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx c




neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, or dopamine in the brain, which are i
x cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




mplicated in mood regulation and emotional well-being.cx cx cx cx cx cx




antipsychotic drugs - cx cx




ansalso known as neuroleptics, medications used to manage symptoms of psychotic disor
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ders such as schizophrenia, by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain and reducing hall
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. cx cx cx cx




antisocial behavior - cx cx




ansactions that violate social norms, disregard the rights of others, and often involve aggre
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ssion, deceit, or rule-breaking.
cx cx cx




Antisocial Personality Disorder - ansA disorder characterized by a long-
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




term pattern of manipulating, exploiting, or violating the rights of others.
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




anxiety disorders - cx cx




ansa group of mental health conditions characterized by excessive, persistent, and uncont
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




rollable feelings of anxiety, fear, or apprehension, often accompanied by physiological sym
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ptoms such as rapid heartbeat or sweating.
cx cx cx cx cx cx




APA (American Psychological Association) -
cx cx cx cx




ansThe leading scientific and professional organization representing psychology in the Uni
cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ted States.
cx