UCONN BIOLOGY 1107 FINAL EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A |LATEST EXAM UPDATE
2026/2027
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1.Question 1**
Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?
A. It is a long-term energy storage molecule.
B. It acts as a coenzyme in redox reactions.
C. It serves as the primary energy currency, coupling exergonic and endergonic
reactions.
D. It is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.
🟢C
🔴 RATIONALE: ATP is the primary energy currency of the cell. It couples exergonic
reactions (like glucose breakdown) to endergonic reactions (like active transport or
protein synthesis) through phosphate transfer.
,2.Question 2**
If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, which of the following will most likely occur?
A. The cell will swell and potentially lyse.
B. Water will move into the cell, causing it to become turgid.
C. Water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink.
D. There will be no net movement of water.
🟢C
🔴 RATIONALE: In a hypertonic solution, the extracellular fluid has a higher solute
concentration than the cell's cytoplasm. Water moves out of the cell down its
concentration gradient via osmosis, causing the cell to shrink.
3.Question 3**
What is the primary function of the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) of
photosynthesis?
A. To split water molecules and release oxygen.
B. To generate ATP and NADPH.
C. To convert carbon dioxide into glucose.
D. To transfer light energy to chlorophyll.
🟢C
🔴 RATIONALE: The Calvin cycle uses the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-
,dependent reactions to fix atmospheric CO2 and synthesize carbohydrates like glucose.
It does not directly require light.
4.Question 4**
The principle of segregation in Mendelian genetics states that:
A. Alleles for different genes assort independently.
B. Alleles for a gene separate during gamete formation.
C. Genes are linked on the same chromosome.
D. Offspring will express a blend of parental traits.
🟢B
🔴 RATIONALE: The Law of Segregation states that during the formation of gametes
(meiosis), the two alleles for a gene separate, so each gamete receives only one allele
from each parent.
5.Question 5**
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?
A. The presence of a nucleus containing DNA.
B. The presence of membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria.
C. The lack of a true nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
D. The presence of a cell wall made of cellulose.
, 🟢C
🔴 RATIONALE: Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, lack a membrane-bound nucleus and
other membrane-bound organelles. Their genetic material is located in a nucleoid
region.
6.Question 6**
How do enzymes increase the rate of a chemical reaction?
A. By increasing the temperature of the system.
B. By decreasing the activation energy of the reaction.
C. By increasing the concentration of reactants.
D. By changing the equilibrium point of the reaction.
🟢B
🔴 RATIONALE: Enzymes are biological catalysts that work by lowering the activation
energy required for a reaction to proceed, thus speeding up the reaction rate without
being consumed.
7.Question 7**
A scientist is studying a population of beetles. She notes that a dark-colored beetle
variety is becoming more common than a light-colored variety, and this change is due
to the dark color providing better camouflage against predators. This process is an
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A |LATEST EXAM UPDATE
2026/2027
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1.Question 1**
Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?
A. It is a long-term energy storage molecule.
B. It acts as a coenzyme in redox reactions.
C. It serves as the primary energy currency, coupling exergonic and endergonic
reactions.
D. It is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.
🟢C
🔴 RATIONALE: ATP is the primary energy currency of the cell. It couples exergonic
reactions (like glucose breakdown) to endergonic reactions (like active transport or
protein synthesis) through phosphate transfer.
,2.Question 2**
If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, which of the following will most likely occur?
A. The cell will swell and potentially lyse.
B. Water will move into the cell, causing it to become turgid.
C. Water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink.
D. There will be no net movement of water.
🟢C
🔴 RATIONALE: In a hypertonic solution, the extracellular fluid has a higher solute
concentration than the cell's cytoplasm. Water moves out of the cell down its
concentration gradient via osmosis, causing the cell to shrink.
3.Question 3**
What is the primary function of the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) of
photosynthesis?
A. To split water molecules and release oxygen.
B. To generate ATP and NADPH.
C. To convert carbon dioxide into glucose.
D. To transfer light energy to chlorophyll.
🟢C
🔴 RATIONALE: The Calvin cycle uses the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-
,dependent reactions to fix atmospheric CO2 and synthesize carbohydrates like glucose.
It does not directly require light.
4.Question 4**
The principle of segregation in Mendelian genetics states that:
A. Alleles for different genes assort independently.
B. Alleles for a gene separate during gamete formation.
C. Genes are linked on the same chromosome.
D. Offspring will express a blend of parental traits.
🟢B
🔴 RATIONALE: The Law of Segregation states that during the formation of gametes
(meiosis), the two alleles for a gene separate, so each gamete receives only one allele
from each parent.
5.Question 5**
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?
A. The presence of a nucleus containing DNA.
B. The presence of membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria.
C. The lack of a true nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
D. The presence of a cell wall made of cellulose.
, 🟢C
🔴 RATIONALE: Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, lack a membrane-bound nucleus and
other membrane-bound organelles. Their genetic material is located in a nucleoid
region.
6.Question 6**
How do enzymes increase the rate of a chemical reaction?
A. By increasing the temperature of the system.
B. By decreasing the activation energy of the reaction.
C. By increasing the concentration of reactants.
D. By changing the equilibrium point of the reaction.
🟢B
🔴 RATIONALE: Enzymes are biological catalysts that work by lowering the activation
energy required for a reaction to proceed, thus speeding up the reaction rate without
being consumed.
7.Question 7**
A scientist is studying a population of beetles. She notes that a dark-colored beetle
variety is becoming more common than a light-colored variety, and this change is due
to the dark color providing better camouflage against predators. This process is an
